在.NET中限制队列<t>的大小?</t>

时间:2008-08-04 14:47:11

标签: .net collections queue

我有一个队列&lt; T&gt;我初始化为2的容量的对象,但显然这只是容量,并且随着我添加项目而不断扩展。是否已有一个对象在达到限制时自动使项目出列,或者是创建自己的继承类的最佳解决方案?

8 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:35)

我已经找到了我正在寻找的基本版本,但这并不完美,但它会完成工作,直到有更好的东西出现。

public class LimitedQueue<T> : Queue<T>
{
    public int Limit { get; set; }

    public LimitedQueue(int limit) : base(limit)
    {
        Limit = limit;
    }

    public new void Enqueue(T item)
    {
        while (Count >= Limit)
        {
            Dequeue();
        }
        base.Enqueue(item);
    }
}

答案 1 :(得分:17)

我建议你拉出C5 Library。与SCG(System.Collections.Generic)不同,C5被编程为接口并设计为子类。大多数公共方法都是虚拟的,没有一个类是密封的。这样,您就不必使用那个icky“new”关键字,如果LimitedQueue<T>被投放到SCG.Queue<T>,则不会触发该关键字。使用C5并使用与之前相同的代码,您可以从CircularQueue<T>派生。 CircularQueue<T>实际上实现了堆栈和队列,因此您可以获得具有几乎免费限制的两个选项。我在下面用3.5个构造重写了它:

using C5;

public class LimitedQueue<T> : CircularQueue<T>
{
    public int Limit { get; set; }

    public LimitedQueue(int limit) : base(limit)
    {
        this.Limit = limit;
    }

    public override void Push(T item)
    {
        CheckLimit(false);
        base.Push(item);
    }

    public override void Enqueue(T item)
    {
        CheckLimit(true);
        base.Enqueue(item);
    }

    protected virtual void CheckLimit(bool enqueue)
    {
        while (this.Count >= this.Limit)
        {
            if (enqueue)
            {
                this.Dequeue();
            }
            else
            {
                this.Pop();
            }
        }
    }
}

我认为这段代码应该完全符合您的要求。

答案 2 :(得分:5)

你应该创建自己的类,一个ringbuffer可能符合你的需要。

.NET中允许您指定容量的数据结构(数组除外)使用它来构建用于保存内部数据的内部数据结构。

例如,对于列表,容量用于调整内部数组的大小。当您开始向列表中添加元素时,它将从索引0开始向上填充此数组,当它达到您的容量时,它会将容量增加到更高的容量,并继续填充它。

答案 3 :(得分:3)

为什么不使用大小为2的数组?队列应该能够动态增长和缩小。

或者围绕Queue<T>实例的实例创建一个包装类,每次将一个<T>对象排入队列,检查队列的大小。如果大于2,则将第一个项目出列。

答案 4 :(得分:3)

我希望这堂课会帮助你:
在内部,循环FIFO缓冲器使用队列&lt; T&gt;。具有指定的大小。 一旦达到缓冲区的大小,它将用新的项目替换旧项目。

注意:您无法随机删除项目。我设置方法Remove(T item)返回false。 如果您需要您可以修改以随机删除项目

public class CircularFIFO<T> : ICollection<T> , IDisposable
{
    public Queue<T> CircularBuffer;

    /// <summary>
    /// The default initial capacity.
    /// </summary>
    private int capacity = 32;

    /// <summary>
    /// Gets the actual capacity of the FIFO.
    /// </summary>
    public int Capacity
    {
        get { return capacity; }          
    }

    /// <summary>
    ///  Initialize a new instance of FIFO class that is empty and has the default initial capacity.
    /// </summary>
    public CircularFIFO()
    {            
        CircularBuffer = new Queue<T>();
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Initialize a new instance of FIFO class that is empty and has the specified initial capacity.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="size"> Initial capacity of the FIFO. </param>
    public CircularFIFO(int size)
    {
        capacity = size;
        CircularBuffer = new Queue<T>(capacity);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Adds an item to the end of the FIFO.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="item"> The item to add to the end of the FIFO. </param>
    public void Add(T item)
    {
        if (this.Count >= this.Capacity)
            Remove();

        CircularBuffer.Enqueue(item);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Adds array of items to the end of the FIFO.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="item"> The array of items to add to the end of the FIFO. </param>
     public void Add(T[] item)
    { 
        int enqueuedSize = 0;
        int remainEnqueueSize = this.Capacity - this.Count;

        for (; (enqueuedSize < item.Length && enqueuedSize < remainEnqueueSize); enqueuedSize++)
            CircularBuffer.Enqueue(item[enqueuedSize]);

        if ((item.Length - enqueuedSize) != 0)
        {
            Remove((item.Length - enqueuedSize));//remaining item size

            for (; enqueuedSize < item.Length; enqueuedSize++)
                CircularBuffer.Enqueue(item[enqueuedSize]);
        }           
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Removes and Returns an item from the FIFO.
    /// </summary>
    /// <returns> Item removed. </returns>
    public T Remove()
    {
        T removedItem = CircularBuffer.Peek();
        CircularBuffer.Dequeue();

        return removedItem;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Removes and Returns the array of items form the FIFO.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="size"> The size of item to be removed from the FIFO. </param>
    /// <returns> Removed array of items </returns>
    public T[] Remove(int size)
    {
        if (size > CircularBuffer.Count)
            size = CircularBuffer.Count;

        T[] removedItems = new T[size];

        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
        {
            removedItems[i] = CircularBuffer.Peek();
            CircularBuffer.Dequeue();
        }

        return removedItems;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Returns the item at the beginning of the FIFO with out removing it.
    /// </summary>
    /// <returns> Item Peeked. </returns>
    public T Peek()
    {
        return CircularBuffer.Peek();
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Returns the array of item at the beginning of the FIFO with out removing it.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="size"> The size of the array items. </param>
    /// <returns> Array of peeked items. </returns>
    public T[] Peek(int size)
    {
        T[] arrayItems = new T[CircularBuffer.Count];
        CircularBuffer.CopyTo(arrayItems, 0);

        if (size > CircularBuffer.Count)
            size = CircularBuffer.Count;

        T[] peekedItems = new T[size];

        Array.Copy(arrayItems, 0, peekedItems, 0, size);

        return peekedItems;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Gets the actual number of items presented in the FIFO.
    /// </summary>
    public int Count
    {
        get
        {
            return CircularBuffer.Count;
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Removes all the contents of the FIFO.
    /// </summary>
    public void Clear()
    {
        CircularBuffer.Clear();
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Resets and Initialize the instance of FIFO class that is empty and has the default initial capacity.
    /// </summary>
    public void Reset()
    {
        Dispose();
        CircularBuffer = new Queue<T>(capacity);
    }

    #region ICollection<T> Members

    /// <summary>
    /// Determines whether an element is in the FIFO.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="item"> The item to locate in the FIFO. </param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public bool Contains(T item)
    {
        return CircularBuffer.Contains(item);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Copies the FIFO elements to an existing one-dimensional array. 
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="array"> The one-dimensional array that have at list a size of the FIFO </param>
    /// <param name="arrayIndex"></param>
    public void CopyTo(T[] array, int arrayIndex)
    {
        if (array.Length >= CircularBuffer.Count)
            CircularBuffer.CopyTo(array, 0);           
    }

    public bool IsReadOnly
    {
        get { return false; }
    }

    public bool Remove(T item)
    {
        return false; 
    }

    #endregion

    #region IEnumerable<T> Members

    public IEnumerator<T> GetEnumerator()
    {
       return CircularBuffer.GetEnumerator();
    }

    #endregion

    #region IEnumerable Members

    IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator()
    {
        return CircularBuffer.GetEnumerator();
    }

    #endregion

    #region IDisposable Members

    /// <summary>
    /// Releases all the resource used by the FIFO.
    /// </summary>
    public void Dispose()
    {          
        CircularBuffer.Clear();
        CircularBuffer = null;
        GC.Collect();
    }

    #endregion
}

答案 5 :(得分:1)

如果对任何人有用,我都会LimitedStack<T>

public class LimitedStack<T>
{
    public readonly int Limit;
    private readonly List<T> _stack;

    public LimitedStack(int limit = 32)
    {
        Limit = limit;
        _stack = new List<T>(limit);
    }

    public void Push(T item)
    {
        if (_stack.Count == Limit) _stack.RemoveAt(0);
        _stack.Add(item);
    }

    public T Peek()
    {
        return _stack[_stack.Count - 1];
    }

    public void Pop()
    {
        _stack.RemoveAt(_stack.Count - 1);
    }

    public int Count
    {
        get { return _stack.Count; }
    }
}

当它变得太大时,它会删除最旧的项目(堆栈的底部)。

(这个问题是#34的最高结果; C#限制堆栈大小&#34;)

答案 6 :(得分:1)

并发解决方案

public class LimitedConcurrentQueue<ELEMENT> : ConcurrentQueue<ELEMENT>
{
    public readonly int Limit;

    public LimitedConcurrentQueue(int limit)
    {
        Limit = limit;
    }

    public new void Enqueue(ELEMENT element)
    {
        base.Enqueue(element);
        if (Count > Limit)
        {
            TryDequeue(out ELEMENT discard);
        }
    }
}

注意:由于Enqueue控制元素的添加,并且一次只执行一个,因此无需为while执行TryDequeue

答案 7 :(得分:1)

您可以使用LinkedList<T>并添加线程安全性:

public class Buffer<T> : LinkedList<T>
{
    private int capacity;

    public Buffer(int capacity)
    {
        this.capacity = capacity;   
    }

    public void Enqueue(T item)
    {
        // todo: add synchronization mechanism
        if (Count == capacity) RemoveLast();
        AddFirst(item);
    }

    public T Dequeue()
    {
        // todo: add synchronization mechanism
        var last = Last.Value;
        RemoveLast();
        return last;
    }
}

要注意的是默认的枚举顺序在此示例中为LIFO。但这可以在必要时被覆盖。