给定方法签名：
public bool AreTheSame<T>(Expression<Func<T, object>> exp1, Expression<Func<T, object>> exp2)
如果两个表达式相同，最有效的方法是什么？这只需要适用于简单的表达式，我的意思是所有“支持”的都是简单的MemberExpressions，例如c =＆gt; c.ID。
示例调用可能是：
AreTheSame<User>(u1 => u1.ID, u2 => u2.ID); --> would return true
答案 0 :(得分：33)
更新：由于对我的解决方案感兴趣，我更新了代码，因此它支持数组，新运算符和其他内容，并以更优雅的方式比较AST。
以下是Marc代码的改进版本，现在可以nuget package ：
public static class LambdaCompare
{
public static bool Eq<TSource, TValue>(
Expression<Func<TSource, TValue>> x,
Expression<Func<TSource, TValue>> y)
{
return ExpressionsEqual(x, y, null, null);
}
public static bool Eq<TSource1, TSource2, TValue>(
Expression<Func<TSource1, TSource2, TValue>> x,
Expression<Func<TSource1, TSource2, TValue>> y)
{
return ExpressionsEqual(x, y, null, null);
}
public static Expression<Func<Expression<Func<TSource, TValue>>, bool>> Eq<TSource, TValue>(Expression<Func<TSource, TValue>> y)
{
return x => ExpressionsEqual(x, y, null, null);
}
private static bool ExpressionsEqual(Expression x, Expression y, LambdaExpression rootX, LambdaExpression rootY)
{
if (ReferenceEquals(x, y)) return true;
if (x == null || y == null) return false;
var valueX = TryCalculateConstant(x);
var valueY = TryCalculateConstant(y);
if (valueX.IsDefined && valueY.IsDefined)
return ValuesEqual(valueX.Value, valueY.Value);
if (x.NodeType != y.NodeType
|| x.Type != y.Type)
{
if (IsAnonymousType(x.Type) && IsAnonymousType(y.Type))
throw new NotImplementedException("Comparison of Anonymous Types is not supported");
return false;
}
if (x is LambdaExpression)
{
var lx = (LambdaExpression)x;
var ly = (LambdaExpression)y;
var paramsX = lx.Parameters;
var paramsY = ly.Parameters;
return CollectionsEqual(paramsX, paramsY, lx, ly) && ExpressionsEqual(lx.Body, ly.Body, lx, ly);
}
if (x is MemberExpression)
{
var mex = (MemberExpression)x;
var mey = (MemberExpression)y;
return Equals(mex.Member, mey.Member) && ExpressionsEqual(mex.Expression, mey.Expression, rootX, rootY);
}
if (x is BinaryExpression)
{
var bx = (BinaryExpression)x;
var by = (BinaryExpression)y;
return bx.Method == @by.Method && ExpressionsEqual(bx.Left, @by.Left, rootX, rootY) &&
ExpressionsEqual(bx.Right, @by.Right, rootX, rootY);
}
if (x is UnaryExpression)
{
var ux = (UnaryExpression)x;
var uy = (UnaryExpression)y;
return ux.Method == uy.Method && ExpressionsEqual(ux.Operand, uy.Operand, rootX, rootY);
}
if (x is ParameterExpression)
{
var px = (ParameterExpression)x;
var py = (ParameterExpression)y;
return rootX.Parameters.IndexOf(px) == rootY.Parameters.IndexOf(py);
}
if (x is MethodCallExpression)
{
var cx = (MethodCallExpression)x;
var cy = (MethodCallExpression)y;
return cx.Method == cy.Method
&& ExpressionsEqual(cx.Object, cy.Object, rootX, rootY)
&& CollectionsEqual(cx.Arguments, cy.Arguments, rootX, rootY);
}
if (x is MemberInitExpression)
{
var mix = (MemberInitExpression)x;
var miy = (MemberInitExpression)y;
return ExpressionsEqual(mix.NewExpression, miy.NewExpression, rootX, rootY)
&& MemberInitsEqual(mix.Bindings, miy.Bindings, rootX, rootY);
}
if (x is NewArrayExpression)
{
var nx = (NewArrayExpression)x;
var ny = (NewArrayExpression)y;
return CollectionsEqual(nx.Expressions, ny.Expressions, rootX, rootY);
}
if (x is NewExpression)
{
var nx = (NewExpression)x;
var ny = (NewExpression)y;
return
Equals(nx.Constructor, ny.Constructor)
&& CollectionsEqual(nx.Arguments, ny.Arguments, rootX, rootY)
&& (nx.Members == null && ny.Members == null
|| nx.Members != null && ny.Members != null && CollectionsEqual(nx.Members, ny.Members));
}
if (x is ConditionalExpression)
{
var cx = (ConditionalExpression)x;
var cy = (ConditionalExpression)y;
return
ExpressionsEqual(cx.Test, cy.Test, rootX, rootY)
&& ExpressionsEqual(cx.IfFalse, cy.IfFalse, rootX, rootY)
&& ExpressionsEqual(cx.IfTrue, cy.IfTrue, rootX, rootY);
}
throw new NotImplementedException(x.ToString());
}
private static Boolean IsAnonymousType(Type type)
{
Boolean hasCompilerGeneratedAttribute = type.GetCustomAttributes(typeof(CompilerGeneratedAttribute), false).Any();
Boolean nameContainsAnonymousType = type.FullName.Contains("AnonymousType");
Boolean isAnonymousType = hasCompilerGeneratedAttribute && nameContainsAnonymousType;
return isAnonymousType;
}
private static bool MemberInitsEqual(ICollection<MemberBinding> bx, ICollection<MemberBinding> by, LambdaExpression rootX, LambdaExpression rootY)
{
if (bx.Count != by.Count)
{
return false;
}
if (bx.Concat(by).Any(b => b.BindingType != MemberBindingType.Assignment))
throw new NotImplementedException("Only MemberBindingType.Assignment is supported");
return
bx.Cast<MemberAssignment>().OrderBy(b => b.Member.Name).Select((b, i) => new { Expr = b.Expression, b.Member, Index = i })
.Join(
by.Cast<MemberAssignment>().OrderBy(b => b.Member.Name).Select((b, i) => new { Expr = b.Expression, b.Member, Index = i }),
o => o.Index, o => o.Index, (xe, ye) => new { XExpr = xe.Expr, XMember = xe.Member, YExpr = ye.Expr, YMember = ye.Member })
.All(o => Equals(o.XMember, o.YMember) && ExpressionsEqual(o.XExpr, o.YExpr, rootX, rootY));
}
private static bool ValuesEqual(object x, object y)
{
if (ReferenceEquals(x, y))
return true;
if (x is ICollection && y is ICollection)
return CollectionsEqual((ICollection)x, (ICollection)y);
return Equals(x, y);
}
private static ConstantValue TryCalculateConstant(Expression e)
{
if (e is ConstantExpression)
return new ConstantValue(true, ((ConstantExpression)e).Value);
if (e is MemberExpression)
{
var me = (MemberExpression)e;
var parentValue = TryCalculateConstant(me.Expression);
if (parentValue.IsDefined)
{
var result =
me.Member is FieldInfo
? ((FieldInfo)me.Member).GetValue(parentValue.Value)
: ((PropertyInfo)me.Member).GetValue(parentValue.Value);
return new ConstantValue(true, result);
}
}
if (e is NewArrayExpression)
{
var ae = ((NewArrayExpression)e);
var result = ae.Expressions.Select(TryCalculateConstant);
if (result.All(i => i.IsDefined))
return new ConstantValue(true, result.Select(i => i.Value).ToArray());
}
if (e is ConditionalExpression)
{
var ce = (ConditionalExpression)e;
var evaluatedTest = TryCalculateConstant(ce.Test);
if (evaluatedTest.IsDefined)
{
return TryCalculateConstant(Equals(evaluatedTest.Value, true) ? ce.IfTrue : ce.IfFalse);
}
}
return default(ConstantValue);
}
private static bool CollectionsEqual(IEnumerable<Expression> x, IEnumerable<Expression> y, LambdaExpression rootX, LambdaExpression rootY)
{
return x.Count() == y.Count()
&& x.Select((e, i) => new { Expr = e, Index = i })
.Join(y.Select((e, i) => new { Expr = e, Index = i }),
o => o.Index, o => o.Index, (xe, ye) => new { X = xe.Expr, Y = ye.Expr })
.All(o => ExpressionsEqual(o.X, o.Y, rootX, rootY));
}
private static bool CollectionsEqual(ICollection x, ICollection y)
{
return x.Count == y.Count
&& x.Cast<object>().Select((e, i) => new { Expr = e, Index = i })
.Join(y.Cast<object>().Select((e, i) => new { Expr = e, Index = i }),
o => o.Index, o => o.Index, (xe, ye) => new { X = xe.Expr, Y = ye.Expr })
.All(o => Equals(o.X, o.Y));
}
private struct ConstantValue
{
public ConstantValue(bool isDefined, object value)
: this()
{
IsDefined = isDefined;
Value = value;
}
public bool IsDefined { get; private set; }
public object Value { get; private set; }
}
}
请注意，它不会比较完整的AST。相反，它会折叠常量表达式并比较它们的值而不是它们的AST。 当lambda具有对局部变量的引用时，它对于模拟验证很有用。在他的情况下，变量按其值进行比较。
单元测试：
[TestClass]
public class Tests
{
[TestMethod]
public void BasicConst()
{
var f1 = GetBasicExpr1();
var f2 = GetBasicExpr2();
Assert.IsTrue(LambdaCompare.Eq(f1, f2));
}
[TestMethod]
public void PropAndMethodCall()
{
var f1 = GetPropAndMethodExpr1();
var f2 = GetPropAndMethodExpr2();
Assert.IsTrue(LambdaCompare.Eq(f1, f2));
}
[TestMethod]
public void MemberInitWithConditional()
{
var f1 = GetMemberInitExpr1();
var f2 = GetMemberInitExpr2();
Assert.IsTrue(LambdaCompare.Eq(f1, f2));
}
[TestMethod]
public void AnonymousType()
{
var f1 = GetAnonymousExpr1();
var f2 = GetAnonymousExpr2();
Assert.Inconclusive("Anonymous Types are not supported");
}
private static Expression<Func<int, string, string>> GetBasicExpr2()
{
var const2 = "some const value";
var const3 = "{0}{1}{2}{3}";
return (i, s) =>
string.Format(const3, (i + 25).ToString(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture), i + s, const2.ToUpper(), 25);
}
private static Expression<Func<int, string, string>> GetBasicExpr1()
{
var const1 = 25;
return (first, second) =>
string.Format("{0}{1}{2}{3}", (first + const1).ToString(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture), first + second,
"some const value".ToUpper(), const1);
}
private static Expression<Func<Uri, bool>> GetPropAndMethodExpr2()
{
return u => Uri.IsWellFormedUriString(u.ToString(), UriKind.Absolute);
}
private static Expression<Func<Uri, bool>> GetPropAndMethodExpr1()
{
return arg1 => Uri.IsWellFormedUriString(arg1.ToString(), UriKind.Absolute);
}
private static Expression<Func<Uri, UriBuilder>> GetMemberInitExpr2()
{
var isSecure = true;
return u => new UriBuilder(u) { Host = string.IsNullOrEmpty(u.Host) ? "abc" : "def" , Port = isSecure ? 443 : 80 };
}
private static Expression<Func<Uri, UriBuilder>> GetMemberInitExpr1()
{
var port = 443;
return x => new UriBuilder(x) { Port = port, Host = string.IsNullOrEmpty(x.Host) ? "abc" : "def" };
}
private static Expression<Func<Uri, object>> GetAnonymousExpr2()
{
return u => new { u.Host , Port = 443, Addr = u.AbsolutePath };
}
private static Expression<Func<Uri, object>> GetAnonymousExpr1()
{
return x => new { Port = 443, x.Host, Addr = x.AbsolutePath };
}
}
答案 1 :(得分：32)
嗯...我想你必须解析树，检查节点类型和每个节点的成员。我会举个例子......
using System;
using System.Linq.Expressions;
class Test {
public string Foo { get; set; }
public string Bar { get; set; }
static void Main()
{
bool test1 = FuncTest<Test>.FuncEqual(x => x.Bar, y => y.Bar),
test2 = FuncTest<Test>.FuncEqual(x => x.Foo, y => y.Bar);
}
}
// this only exists to make it easier to call, i.e. so that I can use FuncTest<T> with
// generic-type-inference; if you use the doubly-generic method, you need to specify
// both arguments, which is a pain...
static class FuncTest<TSource>
{
public static bool FuncEqual<TValue>(
Expression<Func<TSource, TValue>> x,
Expression<Func<TSource, TValue>> y)
{
return FuncTest.FuncEqual<TSource, TValue>(x, y);
}
}
static class FuncTest {
public static bool FuncEqual<TSource, TValue>(
Expression<Func<TSource,TValue>> x,
Expression<Func<TSource,TValue>> y)
{
return ExpressionEqual(x, y);
}
private static bool ExpressionEqual(Expression x, Expression y)
{
// deal with the simple cases first...
if (ReferenceEquals(x, y)) return true;
if (x == null || y == null) return false;
if ( x.NodeType != y.NodeType
|| x.Type != y.Type ) return false;
switch (x.NodeType)
{
case ExpressionType.Lambda:
return ExpressionEqual(((LambdaExpression)x).Body, ((LambdaExpression)y).Body);
case ExpressionType.MemberAccess:
MemberExpression mex = (MemberExpression)x, mey = (MemberExpression)y;
return mex.Member == mey.Member; // should really test down-stream expression
default:
throw new NotImplementedException(x.NodeType.ToString());
}
}
}
答案 2 :(得分：3)
规范的解决方案会很棒。与此同时，我创建了一个IEqualityComparer<Expression>版本。
这是一个冗长的实现，所以我created a gist for it。
它旨在成为一个全面的抽象语法树比较器。为此，它会比较每种表达式类型，包括C＃尚未支持的表达式，如Try和Switch以及Block。由于我对它们的了解有限，它唯一没有比较的类型是Goto，Label，Loop和DebugInfo。
您可以指定是否以及如何比较参数和lambda的名称，以及如何处理ConstantExpression。
它按上下文按位置跟踪参数。支持lambdas内的Lambdas和catch块变量参数。
答案 3 :(得分：2)
我知道这是一个老问题，但我推出了自己的表达式树平等比较器 - https://github.com/yesmarket/yesmarket.Linq.Expressions
该实现大量使用ExpressionVisitor类来确定两个表达式树是否相等。当遍历表达式树中的节点时，将比较各个节点的相等性。
答案 4 :(得分：0)
我认为使用{em> lambda高效集合可获得的Lambdas效率最高-我的意思是基于基于列的集合仅由一个或多个选定列枚举的枚举，这些列是通过分别在每个列上实现IEnumerable来实现的-我们称其为第一步;）
那只是我想有一天要做的想法。目前我还没有任何线索，但是我认为许多人会同意我的观点，即枚举通过单变量列表来检查值与检查对象列表中的某些属性相比就像证明自己。
下一步第二步，从函数式编程中获取更多信息：用作表示列的集合，请使用 sorted-list ，哈希表或任何其他方法其他高效搜索
。class LambdaReadyColumn<int> : HashTable<int>
然后再执行第三步，使用一些指针将列之间的项目连接起来，而不是将底层列保留在以下位置：
class LambdaReadyColumn<int> : IEnumabrable<int>
将数据保留在更接近的位置：
class LambdaReadyColumn<LambdaReadyColumnItem<T, int>> : IEnumabrable<int>
//with example constructor like:
public LambdaReadyColumn<LambdaReadyColumnItem<T, int>>(Hash, LambdaReadyColumnItem, LambdaReadyColumnItem, T, int);
其中：
Select(T)更快，但也避免了遍历具有多个属性的项目的向左/向右引用。 最后，在所有步骤中，我们都将使用双倍数据进行收集：基于行和另外基于收集的大量参考数据。 当然，基于行的HashTable可以仅保留基于数据和基于列的引用，但是要构建从该语句返回的每个集合都将使用大量引用。
要实现此目的，您需要根据语言使用反射，动态类型或其他高级技术。