向Django User模型添加更多字段的最佳方法是什么?

时间:2017-02-22 15:07:17

标签: django django-models

我对Django有点新鲜。我创建了一个自定义用户模型,因为我想使用该电子邮件进行身份验证,并按照文档中的示例运行良好并具有以下代码:

class CustomUserManager(BaseUserManager):

    def _create_user(self, email, password,
                 is_staff, is_superuser, **extra_fields):
        """
        Creates and saves a User with the given email and password.
        """
        now = timezone.now()
        if not email:
           raise ValueError('The given email must be set')
        email = self.normalize_email(email)
        user = self.model(email=email,
                      is_staff=is_staff, is_active=True,
                      is_superuser=is_superuser, last_login=now,
                      date_joined=now, **extra_fields)
        user.set_password(password)
        user.save(using=self._db)
        return user

    def create_user(self, email, password=None, **extra_fields):
        return self._create_user(email, password, False, False,
                             **extra_fields)

    def create_superuser(self, email, password, **extra_fields):
        return self._create_user(email, password, True, True,
                             **extra_fields)


class User (AbstractBaseUser, PermissionsMixin):
    '''
    Custom User Model
    '''
    email = models.EmailField(verbose_name = "email address", max_length = 255, unique = True)
    date_joined  = models.DateTimeField('date joined', default=timezone.now)
    first_name   = models.CharField(_('first name'), max_length=30, blank=False)
    last_name    = models.CharField(_('last name'), max_length=30, blank=False)
    is_active    = models.BooleanField(default=True)
    is_admin     = models.BooleanField(default=False)
    is_staff     = models.BooleanField(default=False)

    USERNAME_FIELD = "email"
    REQUIRED_FIELDS = []

    objects = CustomUserManager()

    def get_absolute_url(self):
        return "/users/%s/" % urlquote(self.email)

    def get_full_name(self):
        """
        Returns the first_name plus the last_name, with a space in between.
        """
        full_name = '%s %s' % (self.first_name, self.last_name)
        return full_name.strip()

    def get_short_name(self):
        "Returns the short name for the user."
        return self.first_name

    def email_user(self, subject, message, from_email=None):
        """
        Sends an email to this User.
        """
        send_mail(subject, message, from_email, [self.email])

我现在唯一的问题是我想在我的自定义用户模型中添加其他信息,例如可用性日期,个人资料图片,费用等(我正在制作一个mini linkedin网站)。我觉得在User模型中添加大量额外字段有点乱,随着时间的推移,字段数量会增加。有更好的方法吗?

由于

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

正如您所描述的那样,没有理由不向此模型添加更多字段。这正是此自定义用户模型和模型迁移的用途。

如果您要为不同的用户创建不同的用户个人资料,可以使用multi table inheritance,如下所示:

class User (AbstractBaseUser, PermissionsMixin):
    '''
    Custom User Model
    '''
    ...fields that are common to CreativeUser and ClientUser

class CreativeUser(User):
    # Fields unique to CreativeUser

class ClientUser(User):
    # Fields unique to ClientUser

现在,您可以使用User.objects.all()查询所有用户,您可以查询CreativeUser.objects.all()ClientUser.objects.all()。请注意,User.objects.all()将不包含任何其他两个表中唯一的字段。

答案 1 :(得分:0)

至于你的要求,我建议你使用扩展名: django-custom-user