我在Java中使用Runtime.getRuntime（）。exec（）命令来启动批处理文件，该批处理文件又启动了Windows平台的另一个进程。
javaw.exe(Process1)
|___xyz.bat(Process2)
|___javaw.exe(Process3)
Runtime.getRuntime（）。exec（）返回一个具有destroy方法的Process对象，但是当我使用destroy（）时，它只会杀死xyz.bat并使批处理文件的子进程悬空。
在Java中是否有一种干净的方法可以从批处理开始以root身份销毁进程树？
*我无法使用任何自定义库\删除批处理文件以绕过问题
答案 0 :(得分：12)
使用标准Java API是不可能的（请参阅帖子末尾的编辑，了解更改此更新的更新）。您将需要一些种类的本机代码。使用JNA，我使用了如下代码：
public class Win32Process
{
WinNT.HANDLE handle;
int pid;
Win32Process (int pid) throws IOException
{
handle = Kernel32.INSTANCE.OpenProcess (
0x0400| /* PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION */
0x0800| /* PROCESS_SUSPEND_RESUME */
0x0001| /* PROCESS_TERMINATE */
0x00100000 /* SYNCHRONIZE */,
false,
pid);
if (handle == null)
throw new IOException ("OpenProcess failed: " +
Kernel32Util.formatMessageFromLastErrorCode (Kernel32.INSTANCE.GetLastError ()));
this.pid = pid;
}
@Override
protected void finalize () throws Throwable
{
Kernel32.INSTANCE.CloseHandle (handle);
}
public void terminate ()
{
Kernel32.INSTANCE.TerminateProcess (handle, 0);
}
public List<Win32Process> getChildren () throws IOException
{
ArrayList<Win32Process> result = new ArrayList<Win32Process> ();
WinNT.HANDLE hSnap = KernelExtra.INSTANCE.CreateToolhelp32Snapshot (KernelExtra.TH32CS_SNAPPROCESS, new DWORD(0));
KernelExtra.PROCESSENTRY32.ByReference ent = new KernelExtra.PROCESSENTRY32.ByReference ();
if (!KernelExtra.INSTANCE.Process32First (hSnap, ent)) return result;
do {
if (ent.th32ParentProcessID.intValue () == pid) result.add (new Win32Process (ent.th32ProcessID.intValue ()));
} while (KernelExtra.INSTANCE.Process32Next (hSnap, ent));
Kernel32.INSTANCE.CloseHandle (hSnap);
return result;
}
}
此代码使用以下JNA声明，这些声明未包含在标准JNA库中：
public interface KernelExtra extends StdCallLibrary {
/**
* Includes all heaps of the process specified in th32ProcessID in the snapshot. To enumerate the heaps, see
* Heap32ListFirst.
*/
WinDef.DWORD TH32CS_SNAPHEAPLIST = new WinDef.DWORD(0x00000001);
/**
* Includes all processes in the system in the snapshot. To enumerate the processes, see Process32First.
*/
WinDef.DWORD TH32CS_SNAPPROCESS = new WinDef.DWORD(0x00000002);
/**
* Includes all threads in the system in the snapshot. To enumerate the threads, see Thread32First.
*/
WinDef.DWORD TH32CS_SNAPTHREAD = new WinDef.DWORD(0x00000004);
/**
* Includes all modules of the process specified in th32ProcessID in the snapshot. To enumerate the modules, see
* Module32First. If the function fails with ERROR_BAD_LENGTH, retry the function until it succeeds.
*/
WinDef.DWORD TH32CS_SNAPMODULE = new WinDef.DWORD(0x00000008);
/**
* Includes all 32-bit modules of the process specified in th32ProcessID in the snapshot when called from a 64-bit
* process. This flag can be combined with TH32CS_SNAPMODULE or TH32CS_SNAPALL. If the function fails with
* ERROR_BAD_LENGTH, retry the function until it succeeds.
*/
WinDef.DWORD TH32CS_SNAPMODULE32 = new WinDef.DWORD(0x00000010);
/**
* Includes all processes and threads in the system, plus the heaps and modules of the process specified in th32ProcessID.
*/
WinDef.DWORD TH32CS_SNAPALL = new WinDef.DWORD((TH32CS_SNAPHEAPLIST.intValue() |
TH32CS_SNAPPROCESS.intValue() | TH32CS_SNAPTHREAD.intValue() | TH32CS_SNAPMODULE.intValue()));
/**
* Indicates that the snapshot handle is to be inheritable.
*/
WinDef.DWORD TH32CS_INHERIT = new WinDef.DWORD(0x80000000);
/**
* Describes an entry from a list of the processes residing in the system address space when a snapshot was taken.
*/
public static class PROCESSENTRY32 extends Structure {
public static class ByReference extends PROCESSENTRY32 implements Structure.ByReference {
public ByReference() {
}
public ByReference(Pointer memory) {
super(memory);
}
}
public PROCESSENTRY32() {
dwSize = new WinDef.DWORD(size());
}
public PROCESSENTRY32(Pointer memory) {
useMemory(memory);
read();
}
/**
* The size of the structure, in bytes. Before calling the Process32First function, set this member to
* sizeof(PROCESSENTRY32). If you do not initialize dwSize, Process32First fails.
*/
public WinDef.DWORD dwSize;
/**
* This member is no longer used and is always set to zero.
*/
public WinDef.DWORD cntUsage;
/**
* The process identifier.
*/
public WinDef.DWORD th32ProcessID;
/**
* This member is no longer used and is always set to zero.
*/
public BaseTSD.ULONG_PTR th32DefaultHeapID;
/**
* This member is no longer used and is always set to zero.
*/
public WinDef.DWORD th32ModuleID;
/**
* The number of execution threads started by the process.
*/
public WinDef.DWORD cntThreads;
/**
* The identifier of the process that created this process (its parent process).
*/
public WinDef.DWORD th32ParentProcessID;
/**
* The base priority of any threads created by this process.
*/
public WinDef.LONG pcPriClassBase;
/**
* This member is no longer used, and is always set to zero.
*/
public WinDef.DWORD dwFlags;
/**
* The name of the executable file for the process. To retrieve the full path to the executable file, call the
* Module32First function and check the szExePath member of the MODULEENTRY32 structure that is returned.
* However, if the calling process is a 32-bit process, you must call the QueryFullProcessImageName function to
* retrieve the full path of the executable file for a 64-bit process.
*/
public char[] szExeFile = new char[WinDef.MAX_PATH];
}
// the following methods are in kernel32.dll, but not declared there in the current version of Kernel32:
/**
* Takes a snapshot of the specified processes, as well as the heaps, modules, and threads used by these processes.
*
* @param dwFlags
* The portions of the system to be included in the snapshot.
*
* @param th32ProcessID
* The process identifier of the process to be included in the snapshot. This parameter can be zero to indicate
* the current process. This parameter is used when the TH32CS_SNAPHEAPLIST, TH32CS_SNAPMODULE,
* TH32CS_SNAPMODULE32, or TH32CS_SNAPALL value is specified. Otherwise, it is ignored and all processes are
* included in the snapshot.
*
* If the specified process is the Idle process or one of the CSRSS processes, this function fails and the last
* error code is ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED because their access restrictions prevent user-level code from opening them.
*
* If the specified process is a 64-bit process and the caller is a 32-bit process, this function fails and the
* last error code is ERROR_PARTIAL_COPY (299).
*
* @return
* If the function succeeds, it returns an open handle to the specified snapshot.
*
* If the function fails, it returns INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE. To get extended error information, call GetLastError.
* Possible error codes include ERROR_BAD_LENGTH.
*/
public WinNT.HANDLE CreateToolhelp32Snapshot(WinDef.DWORD dwFlags, WinDef.DWORD th32ProcessID);
/**
* Retrieves information about the first process encountered in a system snapshot.
*
* @param hSnapshot A handle to the snapshot returned from a previous call to the CreateToolhelp32Snapshot function.
* @param lppe A pointer to a PROCESSENTRY32 structure. It contains process information such as the name of the
* executable file, the process identifier, and the process identifier of the parent process.
* @return
* Returns TRUE if the first entry of the process list has been copied to the buffer or FALSE otherwise. The
* ERROR_NO_MORE_FILES error value is returned by the GetLastError function if no processes exist or the snapshot
* does not contain process information.
*/
public boolean Process32First(WinNT.HANDLE hSnapshot, KernelExtra.PROCESSENTRY32.ByReference lppe);
/**
* Retrieves information about the next process recorded in a system snapshot.
*
* @param hSnapshot A handle to the snapshot returned from a previous call to the CreateToolhelp32Snapshot function.
* @param lppe A pointer to a PROCESSENTRY32 structure.
* @return
* Returns TRUE if the next entry of the process list has been copied to the buffer or FALSE otherwise. The
* ERROR_NO_MORE_FILES error value is returned by the GetLastError function if no processes exist or the snapshot
* does not contain process information.
*/
public boolean Process32Next(WinNT.HANDLE hSnapshot, KernelExtra.PROCESSENTRY32.ByReference lppe);
}
然后，您可以使用'getChildren（）'方法获取子项列表，终止父项，然后递归终止子项。
我相信你可以使用反射来增加java.lang.Process的PID（但是我还没有这样做;我转而使用Win32 API自己创建进程，以便我可以更好地控制它）
所以把它放在一起，你需要像：
int pid = (some code to extract PID from the process you want to kill);
Win32Process process = new Win32Process(pid);
kill(process);
public void kill(Win32Process target) throws IOException
{
List<Win32Process> children = target.getChildren ();
target.terminateProcess ();
for (Win32Process child : children) kill(child);
}
事实证明，Java API的这个特殊缺点正在Java 9中得到修复。请参阅Java 9文档here的预览（如果没有加载正确的页面，则需要查看java.lang.ProcessHandle接口）。对于上述问题的要求，代码现在看起来像这样：
Process child = ...;
kill (child.toHandle());
public void kill (ProcessHandle handle)
{
handle.descendants().forEach((child) -> kill(child));
handle.destroy();
}
（请注意，这未经过测试 - 我还没有切换到Java 9，但我正在积极阅读它）
答案 1 :(得分：1)
如果您控制子进程以及批处理文件，另一种解决方案是让子进程创建一个线程，打开一个ServerSocket，监听它的连接，并调用System.exit（）if它会在上面收到正确的密码。
如果您需要多个同时发生的实例，可能会出现并发症;那时你需要一些方法来为它们分配端口号。
答案 2 :(得分：1)
您无法使用 Java 8 或更低版本的标准 Java API 来实现。
如果您有 Java 9 或更高版本，则可以使用 ProcessHandle
将 taskkill 与 /t 和 /f 标志与 Java 中的 Runtime.getRuntime().exec() 或 ProcessBuilder 类一起使用。
/f --> 强制杀死 /t --> 杀死这个进程产生的所有子进程。
ProcessBuilder pb1 = new ProcessBuilder("cmd.exe","/c","taskkill /f /t /pid "+p.pid());
Process p1 = pb1.start();
我曾使用流程构建器在我的 Java 代码中完成它。
我已经复制了问题陈述。
这是一个示例批处理文件，它在 Windows 中启动另一个 Powershell 进程以每秒打印 1 到 20 的计数器，这是子进程：
@echo off
echo starting
powershell -command " for ($count=1;$count -le 20;$count++) { Start-Sleep 1; Write-Output $count }"
echo success
ps：您需要将 InputStream 重定向到 stdout 才能在终端上获得输出。
使用 destroy() 对象的 process 方法只会杀死该进程，而不是子/孙进程。
您可以在终端上运行tasklist并定位到powershell.exe来比较运行java程序之前和之后的子进程是否还在运行。
要杀死子进程和父进程，请使用 ProcessBuilder 启动一个新进程，如下所示，其中 p 是您要删除的进程：
ProcessBuilder pb1 = new ProcessBuilder("cmd.exe","/c","taskkill /f /t /pid "+p.pid());
Process p1 = pb1.start();
答案 3 :(得分：0)
您无法使用JDK终止Windows的进程树。您需要依赖WinAPI。您将不得不求助于本机命令或JNI库，所有这些都是依赖于平台的，并且比纯Java解决方案更复杂。
示例链接JNI Example
答案 4 :(得分：0)
这是另一种选择。使用此powershell脚本执行bat脚本。当你想杀死树时，终止你的powershell脚本的进程，它将自动在它的子进程上执行taskkill。我有两次调用taskkill，因为在某些情况下它不会进行第一次尝试。
Param(
[string]$path
)
$p = [Diagnostics.Process]::Start("$path").Id
try {
while($true) {
sleep 100000
}
} finally {
taskkill /pid $p
taskkill /pid $p
}
答案 5 :(得分：0)
使用java 9，终止主进程会终止整个进程树。你可以这样做：
Process ptree = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("cmd.exe","/c","xyz.bat");
// wait logic
ptree.destroy();
请查看此blog并查看 处理流程树 示例。