C ++编译错误(gcc 4.7)

时间:2012-08-17 16:07:37

标签: c++ gcc compilation g++ gcc4.7

我正试图在第5.9章Bjarne Stroustrup C ++编程语言结束时进行11次练习。

  1 #include <iostream>
  2 #include <string>
  3 #include <vector>
  4 #include <algorithm>
  5 
  6 void print(std::vector<std::string>::const_iterator str) {
  7    std::cout << *str;
  8 }
  9 
 10 int main(void) {
 11    std::vector<std::string> words;
 12    std::string tmp;
 13 
 14    std::cin >> tmp;
 15    while (tmp != "Quit") {
 16       words.push_back(tmp);
 17       std::cin >> tmp;
 18    }
 19 
 20    for_each(words.begin(), words.end(), print);
 21 
 22    return 0;
 23 }

当我取消注释20行时,我收到此错误:

In file included from /usr/include/c++/4.7/algorithm:63:0,
                 from 5.9.11.cpp:4:
/usr/include/c++/4.7/bits/stl_algo.h: In instantiation of ‘_Funct std::for_each(_IIter, _IIter, _Funct) [with _IIter = __gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<std::basic_string<char>*, std::vector<std::basic_string<char> > >; _Funct = void (*)(__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<const std::basic_string<char>*, std::vector<std::basic_string<char> > >)]’:
5.9.11.cpp:20:44:   required from here
/usr/include/c++/4.7/bits/stl_algo.h:4442:2: error: could not convert ‘__first.__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<_Iterator, _Container>::operator*<std::basic_string<char>*, std::vector<std::basic_string<char> > >()’ from ‘std::basic_string<char>’ to ‘__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<const std::basic_string<char>*, std::vector<std::basic_string<char> > >’

编译命令:

g++ prog.cpp -o prog -Wall

我做错了什么?

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:2)

回调函数应该使用std::string,而不是迭代器。 for_each传递每个元素本身。因此,您的功能将变为:

void print(const std::sting &str) {
    std::cout << str << ' '; //note I separated the words
}

有关固定示例(包括std::上的for_each以及其他一些细微差别),请参阅this run

在C ++ 11中(编译器可通过-std=c++0x-std=c++11访问),您甚至不必担心std::for_each循环容器,因为C ++ 11引入了ranged-for循环:

for (const std::string &str : words)
    std::cout << str << ' ';

答案 1 :(得分:1)

正如chris所述,print()函数应接受const std::string&。作为替代方案,您可以使用lambda函数:

std::for_each(words.begin(),
              words.end(),
              [](const std::string& a_s)
              {
                  std::cout << a_s << "\n";
              });

添加编译器标志-std=c++0x