控制台应用程序中的消息泵

时间:2012-08-31 19:44:26

标签: c# .net console-application message-pump

我有一个用.NET编写的相当简单的控制台应用程序。有时应用程序在没有操作员的情况下以批处理模式运行,有时它是“自掏腰包”运行的。如果它以批处理模式运行,则会有一个定义的默认选项,允许程序自动运行。如果存在操作员,则还有其他选项允许用户从功能列表中进行选择。

由于我不想进入的原因,命令行参数不是首选。相反,我创建了一个10秒的窗口,操作员可以在其中选择一个功能。目前,我正在使用一个简单的while循环并从“in”流中读取输入。我在最后添加了Thread.Sleep调用,以防止while循环完全占用处理器,但我想知道是否有更好的方法。

在Windows应用程序(Windows FormsWPF)中,有一个消息泵,它能够读取消息队列,然后将控制权返回给系统。即使像Visual Studio,SAS Enterprise GuideSQL Server Management Studio这样的重型应用程序在空闲时也几乎使用了0%的处理器。我的控制台应用程序可以获得相同的效果吗?

Thread.Sleep正在工作,但正如我所说,我想知道是否有更好的方法。

这是源代码:

class Program {
    static void Main( string[] args ) {

        DateTime l_startTime = DateTime.Now;

        Console.CursorVisible = false;
        Console.WriteLine( "Please select an option within 10 seconds..." );
        Console.WriteLine( "" );
        Console.WriteLine( " [1] Option A (DEFAULT)" );
        Console.WriteLine( " [2] Option 2" );
        Console.WriteLine( " [3] Option III" );

        int l_elapsedSeconds = 0;

        bool l_exit = false;
        while ( !l_exit ) {

            int l_currentElapsedSeconds = (int) Math.Floor( ( DateTime.Now - l_startTime ).TotalSeconds );
            if ( l_currentElapsedSeconds > l_elapsedSeconds ) {
                Console.CursorTop = 0;
                Console.CursorLeft = 0;
                l_elapsedSeconds = l_currentElapsedSeconds;

                int l_remainingSeconds = 10 - l_elapsedSeconds;

                Console.WriteLine( String.Format( "{0,-80}", "Please select an option within " + l_remainingSeconds + " seconds..." ) );
            }

            if ( l_elapsedSeconds >= 10 ) {
                OptionA();
                break;
            }

            if ( Console.KeyAvailable ) {
                var l_key = Console.ReadKey( true );

                switch ( l_key.Key ) {
                    case ConsoleKey.D1:
                        OptionA();
                        l_exit = true;
                        break;

                    case ConsoleKey.D2:
                        Option2();
                        l_exit = true;
                        break;

                    case ConsoleKey.D3:
                        OptionIII();
                        l_exit = true;
                        break;
                }
            }

            if ( !l_exit )
                // Don't eat all the processor
                System.Threading.Thread.Sleep( 100);
        }

        Console.CursorTop = 7;
        Console.CursorLeft = 0;

        Console.Write( "Press any key to continue...");
        Console.ReadKey( true);

    }

    static void OptionA() {
        Console.CursorTop = 6;
        Console.CursorLeft = 0;

        Console.WriteLine( "Option A Selected!");
    }

    static void Option2() {
        Console.CursorTop = 6;
        Console.CursorLeft = 0;

        Console.WriteLine( "Option 2 Selected!");
    }

    static void OptionIII() {
        Console.CursorTop = 6;
        Console.CursorLeft = 0;

        Console.WriteLine( "Option III Selected!");
    }
}

注意:这个问题并不关心超时......它是关于在等待响应时使用0%处理器时间(如窗口化应用程序)。

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:10)

您可以启动一个在后台读取按键的线程。将密钥添加到阻塞队列并在主线程中等待填充队列,例如

var queue = new BlockingCollection<ConsoleKeyInfo>();

new Thread(() =>
{
    while (true) queue.Add(Console.ReadKey(true));
})
{ IsBackground = true }.Start();


Console.Write("Welcome! Please press a key: ");

ConsoleKeyInfo cki;

if (queue.TryTake(out cki, TimeSpan.FromSeconds(10))) //wait for up to 10 seconds
{
    Console.WriteLine();
    Console.WriteLine("You pressed '{0}'", cki.Key);
}
else
{
    Console.WriteLine();
    Console.WriteLine("You did not press a key");
}

后台线程和主线程在等待ReadKey和TryTake分别返回时会休眠(利用0%处理器时间)。

答案 1 :(得分:0)

您可以使用.NET的事件处理机制。从here重新发布。

Imports System.Threading.Thread

Module Module1
    Private Second As Integer = 1
    Private Tick As New Timers.Timer(1000)

    Sub Main()

        AddHandler tick.Elapsed, AddressOf Ticker 'Event for the timer tick

        Dim NewThread As System.Threading.Thread = New System.Threading.Thread(AddressOf LookForKeyPress) 'New thread to check for key press
        NewThread.Start() 'Start thread

        Console.WriteLine("Now awaiting key presses...")
        tick.Enabled = True 'Enable the timer
    End Sub

    Private Sub Ticker()
        'every tick this sub is called and the seconds are displayed till a key is pressed
        Console.WriteLine(Second)
        Second += 1

    End Sub

    Private Sub LookForKeyPress()

        While True
            Dim k As ConsoleKeyInfo = Console.ReadKey() 'read for a key press
            If Not k.Key.ToString.Length <= 0 Then 'check the length of the key string pressed, mainly because the key in this case will be apart of the system.consolekey
                Console.WriteLine(Environment.NewLine & "Key Pressed: " & k.Key.ToString) 'display the key pressed
                Second = 1 'restart the timer
            End If
        End While

    End Sub

End Module

希望我帮忙!