NSImage到NSBitmapImageRep

Question

如何将NSImage转换为NSBitmapImageRep？我有代码：

- (NSBitmapImageRep *)bitmapImageRepresentation
{
    NSBitmapImageRep *ret = (NSBitmapImageRep *)[self representations];

    if(![ret isKindOfClass:[NSBitmapImageRep class]])
    {
        ret = nil;
        for(NSBitmapImageRep *rep in [self representations])
            if([rep isKindOfClass:[NSBitmapImageRep class]])
            {
                ret = rep;
                break;
            }
    }

    if(ret == nil)
    {
        NSSize size = [self size];

        size_t width         = size.width;
        size_t height        = size.height;
        size_t bitsPerComp   = 32;
        size_t bytesPerPixel = (bitsPerComp / CHAR_BIT) * 4;
        size_t bytesPerRow   = bytesPerPixel * width;
        size_t totalBytes    = height * bytesPerRow;

        NSMutableData *data = [NSMutableData dataWithBytesNoCopy:calloc(totalBytes, 1) length:totalBytes freeWhenDone:YES];

        CGColorSpaceRef space = CGColorSpaceCreateWithName(kCGColorSpaceGenericRGB);

        CGContextRef ctx = CGBitmapContextCreate([data mutableBytes], width, height, bitsPerComp, bytesPerRow, CGColorSpaceCreateWithName(kCGColorSpaceGenericRGB), kCGBitmapFloatComponents | kCGImageAlphaPremultipliedLast);

        if(ctx != NULL)
        {
            [NSGraphicsContext saveGraphicsState];
            [NSGraphicsContext setCurrentContext:[NSGraphicsContext graphicsContextWithGraphicsPort:ctx flipped:[self isFlipped]]];

            [self drawAtPoint:NSZeroPoint fromRect:NSZeroRect operation:NSCompositeCopy fraction:1.0];

            [NSGraphicsContext restoreGraphicsState];

            CGImageRef img = CGBitmapContextCreateImage(ctx);

            ret = [[NSBitmapImageRep alloc] initWithCGImage:img];
            [self addRepresentation:ret];

            CFRelease(img);
            CFRelease(space);

            CGContextRelease(ctx);
        }
    }


    return ret;
}

它可以工作，但它会导致内存泄漏。至少当我在ARC使用它时。使用initWithData:[nsimagename TIFFRepresentation]它无法正常工作。一些图像的表示并不好。我认为这取决于图像的格式和色彩空间。还有其他方法可以实现吗？

---

mrwalker 建议解决方案的结果：

原始图片：

转换为bitmapimagerep并返回图像1次：

转换为bitmapimagerep并返回图像3次：

如您所见，每次转换为NSBitmapImageRep后图像都会变暗

Answer 1

您可以尝试从Mike Ash's "Obtaining and Interpreting Image Data" blog post改编的此方法：

- (NSBitmapImageRep *)bitmapImageRepresentation {
  int width = [self size].width;
  int height = [self size].height;

  if(width < 1 || height < 1)
      return nil;

  NSBitmapImageRep *rep = [[NSBitmapImageRep alloc]
                           initWithBitmapDataPlanes: NULL
                           pixelsWide: width
                           pixelsHigh: height
                           bitsPerSample: 8
                           samplesPerPixel: 4
                           hasAlpha: YES
                           isPlanar: NO
                           colorSpaceName: NSDeviceRGBColorSpace
                           bytesPerRow: width * 4
                           bitsPerPixel: 32];

  NSGraphicsContext *ctx = [NSGraphicsContext graphicsContextWithBitmapImageRep: rep];
  [NSGraphicsContext saveGraphicsState];
  [NSGraphicsContext setCurrentContext: ctx];  
  [self drawAtPoint: NSZeroPoint fromRect: NSZeroRect operation: NSCompositeCopy fraction: 1.0];
  [ctx flushGraphics];
  [NSGraphicsContext restoreGraphicsState];

  return [rep autorelease];
}

Answer 2

@Julius：你的代码太复杂了，包含了几个bug。我将仅对第一行进行修正：

- (NSBitmapImageRep *)bitmapImageRepresentation
{
   NSArray *ret =[self representations];
   for( NSImageRep *rep in [self representations] )
      if( [rep isKindOfClass:[NSBitmapImageRep class]] ) return rep;
   return nil;
}

如果它是表示中的成员，则会提取第一个NSBitmapImageRep，如果没有NSBitmapImageRep，则会返回nil。我将为您提供另一种解决方案，该解决方案始终适用于表示中的NSImageReps：NSBitmapImageRep，NSPDFImageRep或NSCGImageSnapshotRep或...

- (NSBitmapImageRep *)bitmapImageRepresentation
{
   CGImageRef CGImage = [self CGImageForProposedRect:nil context:nil hints:nil];
   return [[[NSBitmapImageRep alloc] initWithCGImage:CGImage] autorelease];
}

或者为了避免NSImage的子类化，你可以写：

NSImage *img = [[[NSImage alloc] initWithContentsOfFile:filename] autorelease];
CGImageRef CGImage = [img CGImageForProposedRect:nil context:nil hints:nil];
NSBitmapImageRep *rep = [[[NSBitmapImageRep alloc] initWithCGImage:CGImage] autorelease];

如果图像包含多个表示（例如来自TIFF文件的大量NSBitmapImageRep），这将仅返回单个NSBitmapImageRep，这可能不够好。但添加一些代码很简单。

Answer 3

也许迟到了，但这是来自@mrwalker回复的Swift 3版本：

extension NSImage {
    func bitmapImageRepresentation(colorSpaceName: String) -> NSBitmapImageRep? {
        let width = self.size.width
        let height = self.size.height

        if width < 1 || height < 1 {
            return nil
        }

        if let rep = NSBitmapImageRep(bitmapDataPlanes: nil, pixelsWide: Int(width), pixelsHigh: Int(height), bitsPerSample: 8, samplesPerPixel: 4, hasAlpha: true, isPlanar: false, colorSpaceName: colorSpaceName, bytesPerRow: Int(width) * 4, bitsPerPixel: 32)
        {
            let ctx = NSGraphicsContext.init(bitmapImageRep: rep)
            NSGraphicsContext.saveGraphicsState()
            NSGraphicsContext.setCurrent(ctx)
            self.draw(at: NSZeroPoint, from: NSZeroRect, operation: NSCompositingOperation.copy, fraction: 1.0)
            ctx?.flushGraphics()
            NSGraphicsContext.restoreGraphicsState()
            return rep
        }
        return nil
    }
}