Question

我正在为一个科学项目发送一个气象气球，Raspberry Pi附加到Adafriut BMP085，并使用一些C代码记录并存储高度读数。唯一的问题是它目前只记录一次，我想要它执行时，它会每半小时记录一次文本文件并将其存储大约24小时左右。代码就在下面。

随意复制代码并使用我的参数重新上传。预先感谢您的任何帮助。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

#include <unistd.h>
#include <linux/i2c-dev.h>
#include <linux/i2c.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include "smbus.h" 

#define BMP085_I2C_ADDRESS 0x77

const unsigned char BMP085_OVERSAMPLING_SETTING = 3;

// Calibration values - These are stored in the BMP085
short int ac1;
short int ac2; 
short int ac3; 
unsigned short int ac4;
unsigned short int ac5;
unsigned short int ac6;
short int b1; 
short int b2;
short int mb;
short int mc;
short int md;

int b5; 

unsigned int temperature, pressure, altitude;


// Open a connection to the bmp085
// Returns a file id
int bmp085_i2c_Begin()
{
   int fd;
   char *fileName = "/dev/i2c-0";

   // Open port for reading and writing
   if ((fd = open(fileName, O_RDWR)) < 0)
      exit(1);

   // Set the port options and set the address of the device
   if (ioctl(fd, I2C_SLAVE, BMP085_I2C_ADDRESS) < 0) {               
      close(fd);
      exit(1);
   }

   return fd;
}

// Read two words from the BMP085 and supply it as a 16 bit integer
__s32 bmp085_i2c_Read_Int(int fd, __u8 address)
{
   __s32 res = i2c_smbus_read_word_data(fd, address);
   if (res < 0) {
      close(fd);
      exit(1);
   }

   // Convert result to 16 bits and swap bytes
   res = ((res<<8) & 0xFF00) | ((res>>8) & 0xFF);

   return res;
}

//Write a byte to the BMP085
void bmp085_i2c_Write_Byte(int fd, __u8 address, __u8 value)
{
   if (i2c_smbus_write_byte_data(fd, address, value) < 0) {
      close(fd);
      exit(1);
   }
}

// Read a block of data BMP085
void bmp085_i2c_Read_Block(int fd, __u8 address, __u8 length, __u8 *values)
{
   if(i2c_smbus_read_i2c_block_data(fd, address,length,values)<0) {
      close(fd);
      exit(1);
   }
}


void bmp085_Calibration()
{
   int fd = bmp085_i2c_Begin();
   ac1 = bmp085_i2c_Read_Int(fd,0xAA);
   ac2 = bmp085_i2c_Read_Int(fd,0xAC);
   ac3 = bmp085_i2c_Read_Int(fd,0xAE);
   ac4 = bmp085_i2c_Read_Int(fd,0xB0);
   ac5 = bmp085_i2c_Read_Int(fd,0xB2);
   ac6 = bmp085_i2c_Read_Int(fd,0xB4);
   b1 = bmp085_i2c_Read_Int(fd,0xB6);
   b2 = bmp085_i2c_Read_Int(fd,0xB8);
   mb = bmp085_i2c_Read_Int(fd,0xBA);
   mc = bmp085_i2c_Read_Int(fd,0xBC);
   md = bmp085_i2c_Read_Int(fd,0xBE);
   close(fd);
}

// Read the uncompensated temperature value
unsigned int bmp085_ReadUT()
{
   unsigned int ut = 0;
   int fd = bmp085_i2c_Begin();

   // Write 0x2E into Register 0xF4
   // This requests a temperature reading
   bmp085_i2c_Write_Byte(fd,0xF4,0x2E);

   // Wait at least 4.5ms
   usleep(5000);

   // Read the two byte result from address 0xF6
   ut = bmp085_i2c_Read_Int(fd,0xF6);

   // Close the i2c file
   close (fd);

   return ut;
}

// Read the uncompensated pressure value
unsigned int bmp085_ReadUP()
{
   unsigned int up = 0;
   int fd = bmp085_i2c_Begin();

   // Write 0x34+(BMP085_OVERSAMPLING_SETTING<<6) into register 0xF4
   // Request a pressure reading w/ oversampling setting
   bmp085_i2c_Write_Byte(fd,0xF4,0x34 + (BMP085_OVERSAMPLING_SETTING<<6));

   // Wait for conversion, delay time dependent on oversampling setting
   usleep((2 + (3<<BMP085_OVERSAMPLING_SETTING)) * 1000);

   // Read the three byte result from 0xF6
   // 0xF6 = MSB, 0xF7 = LSB and 0xF8 = XLSB
   __u8 values[3];
   bmp085_i2c_Read_Block(fd, 0xF6, 3, values);

   up = (((unsigned int) values[0] << 16) | ((unsigned int) values[1] << 8) | (unsigned int) values[2]) >> (8-BMP085_OVERSAMPLING_SETTING);

   return up;
}

// Calculate pressure given uncalibrated pressure
// Value returned will be in units of XXXXX
unsigned int bmp085_GetPressure(unsigned int up)
{
   int x1, x2, x3, b3, b6, p;
   unsigned int b4, b7;

   b6 = b5 - 4000;
   // Calculate B3
   x1 = (b2 * (b6 * b6)>>12)>>11;
   x2 = (ac2 * b6)>>11;
   x3 = x1 + x2;
   b3 = (((((int)ac1)*4 + x3)<<BMP085_OVERSAMPLING_SETTING) + 2)>>2;

   // Calculate B4
   x1 = (ac3 * b6)>>13;
   x2 = (b1 * ((b6 * b6)>>12))>>16;
   x3 = ((x1 + x2) + 2)>>2;
   b4 = (ac4 * (unsigned int)(x3 + 32768))>>15;

   b7 = ((unsigned int)(up - b3) * (50000>>BMP085_OVERSAMPLING_SETTING));
   if (b7 < 0x80000000)
      p = (b7<<1)/b4;
   else
      p = (b7/b4)<<1;

   x1 = (p>>8) * (p>>8);
   x1 = (x1 * 3038)>>16;
   x2 = (-7357 * p)>>16;
   p += (x1 + x2 + 3791)>>4;

   return p;
}

// Calculate temperature given uncalibrated temperature
// Value returned will be in units of 0.1 deg C
unsigned int bmp085_GetTemperature(unsigned int ut)
{
   int x1, x2;

   x1 = (((int)ut - (int)ac6)*(int)ac5) >> 15;
   x2 = ((int)mc << 11)/(x1 + md);
   b5 = x1 + x2;

   unsigned int result = ((b5 + 8)>>4);  

   return result;
}

// This Altitude part is stolen from some some unknown
// Arduino library.  The number divided into pressure for
// float A is derived from the local pressure as explained
// at http://learn.adafruit.com/bmp085/using-the-bmp085.
unsigned int bmp085_Altitude(float pressure)
{
   float A = pressure/101794.58;
   float B = 1/5.25588;
   float C = pow(A,B);
   C = 1 - C;
   C = C / 0.0000225577;

   return C;
}



int main(int argc, char **argv)

{

   bmp085_Calibration();

   temperature = bmp085_GetTemperature(bmp085_ReadUT());
   pressure = bmp085_GetPressure(bmp085_ReadUP());
        altitude = bmp085_Altitude(pressure);

   printf("Temperature\t%0.1f *F\n", ((double)temperature)/10 * 1.8 + 32);
   printf("Pressure\t%0.2f hPa\n", ((double)pressure)/100);
        printf("Altitude\t%0.1f Feet\n", ((double)altitude)*3.280839895);

   return 0;
}

Answer 1

如果您在测量间隔内不需要亚秒精度，我会看到两个可能的问题解决方案：

将main()的内容与循环中的校准分开并包含sleep()调用，参数为1800秒：

int main(int argc, char **argv) {
    bmp085_Calibration();

   int count;

   for (count = 0; count < 49; ++count) {
       temperature = bmp085_GetTemperature(bmp085_ReadUT());
       pressure = bmp085_GetPressure(bmp085_ReadUP());
       altitude = bmp085_Altitude(pressure);

       printf("Temperature\t%0.1f *F\n", ((double)temperature)/10 * 1.8 + 32);
       printf("Pressure\t%0.2f hPa\n", ((double)pressure)/100);
       printf("Altitude\t%0.1f Feet\n", ((double)altitude)*3.280839895);

       sleep(1800);
   }

   return 0;
}

您可能需要重置一些内容，以便在同一程序中进行第二次测量。您可能还想检查sleep()的返回值以捕获该函数调用的潜在过早结束...

由于您在设备中使用Linux作为操作系统，因此可以在程序周围使用包装脚本：
```
#!/bin/bash

while true; do
    /path/to/your/program >> measurements.log

    sleep 1800 
done
```
我将在48小时之后将终止作为练习留给读者......

Answer 2

您的MAIN()例程似乎没有任何循环。由于您希望它每30分钟记录一次数据，因此您希望MAIN能够连续循环，imo。

我对Raspberry PI知之甚少，但我确实知道Arduino，并且主要的入口点例程是自动调用的，我认为这里也是如此，称为MAIN()。

你可以简单地将MAIN()的内容包裹在循环中并使用睡眠30分钟。如果您发现在循环MAIN时想要进行其他活动，但仍然只想每30分钟记录一次，那么您可以存储变量lastTimeDataStored并每次循环比较;一旦它等于/大于30分钟，然后存储数据并将变量重置为当前时间。

int main(int argc, char **argv)

{

   bmp085_Calibration();

   while (true) //loop indefinitely
   {
     temperature = bmp085_GetTemperature(bmp085_ReadUT());
     pressure = bmp085_GetPressure(bmp085_ReadUP());
     altitude = bmp085_Altitude(pressure);

     printf("Temperature\t%0.1f *F\n", ((double)temperature)/10 * 1.8 + 32);
     printf("Pressure\t%0.2f hPa\n", ((double)pressure)/100);
     printf("Altitude\t%0.1f Feet\n", ((double)altitude)*3.280839895);

     //either sleep for 30 minutes or check variable to see if 30 minutes has passed
     usleep((1000*60)*30); //sleep 30 minutes
   }

   return 0;
}

如何让BMP085每30分钟记录一次海拔高度？

2 个答案: