我注意到单引号导致simplejson的{{1}}函数失败：
loads我正在将文本文件中的>>> import simplejson as json
>>> json.loads("\"foo\"")
'foo'
>>> json.loads("\'foo\'")
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
ValueError: No JSON object could be decoded
解析为Python中的列表，并且也希望接受foo = ["a", "b", "c"]。 foo = ['a', 'b', 'c']可以方便地将simplejson自动放入列表中。
如何让foo接受单引号，或者在不破坏输入的情况下自动将双引号替换为单引号？感谢。
答案 0 :(得分：31)
使用适当的工具来完成工作，你不是在解析JSON而是解析Python，所以请改用ast.literal_eval()：
>>> import ast
>>> ast.literal_eval('["a", "b", "c"]')
['a', 'b', 'c']
>>> ast.literal_eval("['a', 'b', 'c']")
['a', 'b', 'c']
>>> ast.literal_eval('["mixed", \'quoting\', """styles"""]')
['mixed', 'quoting', 'styles']
JSON文档始终对字符串使用双引号，对\uhhhh十六进制转义语法使用UTF-16，对于键值对具有{...}个对象，键始终为字符串，序列始终为{ {1}}列出并使用[...]，null和true值;注意小写的布尔值。数字以整数和浮点形式出现。
在Python中，字符串表示可以使用单引号和双引号，Unicode转义使用false和\uhhhh形式（没有UTF-16代理对），显示\Uhhhhhhhh的字典语法可以包含许多不同类型的键而不仅仅是字符串，序列可以是列表（{...}）但也可以使用元组（[...]），或者您可以使用其他容器类型。 Python有(...)，None和True（Titlecase！），数字有整数，浮点数和复数形式。
当解码成功但数据被错误解释时，例如使用转义的非BMP代码点（如表情符号），会导致解析错误或细微问题。确保使用正确的方法解码它们！在大多数情况下，如果你有Python语法数据，有人实际使用了错误的编码方法，只是偶然产生了Python表示。在这种情况下看看源是否需要修复;通常使用False生成输出，而str(object)应该使用json.dumps(obj)。
答案 1 :(得分：0)
当我自己解决这个问题时，我开始讨论这个StackOverflow问题。
使用ast.literal_eval()的解决方案对我的所有情况都不起作用，因为文本偶尔也有布尔常量true / false，它们不被识别为Python标记（大写）。
为了解决这个问题，我将custom JSONDecoder插入标准的json Python包中。
pip install git+https://github.com/jpz/tolerantjsondecoder.git
这可能对下一个人有用。
另外，请注意，在我完成此操作后，我后来发现demjson库似乎是一个更完整的解决方案，但我还没有评估它。
答案 2 :(得分：-1)
Demjson做你的工作，但它非常慢，我的意思是与simplejson相比很慢。我不推荐它用于生产环境。
ast.literal_eval（）和yaml也不适用于所有json，所以你需要一个更稳定的解决方案，比如simplejson。
如果你稍微调整simplejson那么它可以完成你的工作。 我自己已经完成并分享了这段代码。
我在2点告诉它
1）从github下载simplejson并将其添加到您的项目中。 2）现在simplejson有decode.py python文件。用此代码替换该文件代码
"""Implementation of JSONDecoder
"""
from __future__ import absolute_import
import re
import sys
import struct
from .compat import u, text_type, binary_type, PY3, unichr
from .scanner import make_scanner, JSONDecodeError
def _import_c_scanstring():
try:
from ._speedups import scanstring
return scanstring
except ImportError:
return None
c_scanstring = _import_c_scanstring()
# NOTE (3.1.0): JSONDecodeError may still be imported from this module for
# compatibility, but it was never in the __all__
__all__ = ['JSONDecoder']
FLAGS = re.VERBOSE | re.MULTILINE | re.DOTALL
def _floatconstants():
if sys.version_info < (2, 6):
_BYTES = '7FF80000000000007FF0000000000000'.decode('hex')
nan, inf = struct.unpack('>dd', _BYTES)
else:
nan = float('nan')
inf = float('inf')
return nan, inf, -inf
NaN, PosInf, NegInf = _floatconstants()
_CONSTANTS = {
'-Infinity': NegInf,
'Infinity': PosInf,
'NaN': NaN,
}
STRINGCHUNK = re.compile(r'(.*?)(["\\\x00-\x1f])', FLAGS)
# Changed Code Here. Added These Two Lines
STRINGCHUNKUNQUOTED = re.compile(r'(.*?)([:\\\x00-\x1f])', FLAGS)
STRINGCHUNKSINGLEQUOTED = re.compile(r"(.*?)(['\\\x00-\x1f])", FLAGS)
BACKSLASH = {
'"': u('"'), '\\': u('\u005c'), '/': u('/'),
'b': u('\b'), 'f': u('\f'), 'n': u('\n'), 'r': u('\r'), 't': u('\t'),
}
# Changed Code Here.
SINGLE_QUOTE_BACKSLASH = {
"'": u("'"), '\\': u('\u005c'), '/': u('/'),
'b': u('\b'), 'f': u('\f'), 'n': u('\n'), 'r': u('\r'), 't': u('\t'),
}
DEFAULT_ENCODING = "utf-8"
# Changed Code Here.
def parse_single_quoted_string(s, end, encoding=None, strict=True):
return py_scanstring(s, end, encoding, strict, SINGLE_QUOTE_BACKSLASH, STRINGCHUNKSINGLEQUOTED.match)
def py_scanstring(s, end, encoding=None, strict=True,
_b=BACKSLASH, _m=STRINGCHUNK.match, _join=u('').join,
_PY3=PY3, _maxunicode=sys.maxunicode):
"""Scan the string s for a JSON string. End is the index of the
character in s after the quote that started the JSON string.
Unescapes all valid JSON string escape sequences and raises ValueError
on attempt to decode an invalid string. If strict is False then literal
control characters are allowed in the string.
Returns a tuple of the decoded string and the index of the character in s
after the end quote."""
if encoding is None:
encoding = DEFAULT_ENCODING
chunks = []
_append = chunks.append
begin = end - 1
while 1:
chunk = _m(s, end)
if chunk is None:
raise JSONDecodeError(
"Unterminated string starting at", s, begin)
end = chunk.end()
content, terminator = chunk.groups()
# Content is contains zero or more unescaped string characters
if content:
if not _PY3 and not isinstance(content, text_type):
content = text_type(content, encoding)
_append(content)
# Terminator is the end of string, a literal control character,
# or a backslash denoting that an escape sequence follows
# Changed Code Here.
if not is_not_quote(terminator):
break
elif terminator != '\\':
if strict:
msg = "Invalid control character %r at"
raise JSONDecodeError(msg, s, end)
else:
_append(terminator)
continue
try:
esc = s[end]
except IndexError:
raise JSONDecodeError(
"Unterminated string starting at", s, begin)
# If not a unicode escape sequence, must be in the lookup table
if esc != 'u':
try:
char = _b[esc]
except KeyError:
msg = "Invalid \\X escape sequence %r"
raise JSONDecodeError(msg, s, end)
end += 1
else:
# Unicode escape sequence
msg = "Invalid \\uXXXX escape sequence"
esc = s[end + 1:end + 5]
escX = esc[1:2]
if len(esc) != 4 or escX == 'x' or escX == 'X':
raise JSONDecodeError(msg, s, end - 1)
try:
uni = int(esc, 16)
except ValueError:
raise JSONDecodeError(msg, s, end - 1)
end += 5
# Check for surrogate pair on UCS-4 systems
# Note that this will join high/low surrogate pairs
# but will also pass unpaired surrogates through
if (_maxunicode > 65535 and
uni & 0xfc00 == 0xd800 and
s[end:end + 2] == '\\u'):
esc2 = s[end + 2:end + 6]
escX = esc2[1:2]
if len(esc2) == 4 and not (escX == 'x' or escX == 'X'):
try:
uni2 = int(esc2, 16)
except ValueError:
raise JSONDecodeError(msg, s, end)
if uni2 & 0xfc00 == 0xdc00:
uni = 0x10000 + (((uni - 0xd800) << 10) |
(uni2 - 0xdc00))
end += 6
char = unichr(uni)
# Append the unescaped character
_append(char)
return _join(chunks), end
# Use speedup if available
scanstring = c_scanstring or py_scanstring
WHITESPACE = re.compile(r'[ \t\n\r]*', FLAGS)
WHITESPACE_STR = ' \t\n\r'
# Changed Code Here.
UNQUOTEDDICT = {'/': '/', '\\': '\\', ';': ';', '#': '#',
'=': '=', '{': '{', '}': '}', '[': '[', ']': ']',
':': ':', ',': ',', ' ': ' ', '\t': '\t',
'\f': '\f', '\r': '\r', '\n': '\n'}
# Changed Code Here.
QUOTE_DICT = {'"': '"', "'": "'"}
# Changed Code Here.
def is_literal(char):
return not UNQUOTEDDICT.get(char, None)
# Changed Code Here.
def is_not_quote(char):
return not QUOTE_DICT.get(char, None)
# Changed Code Here.
def nexUnquotedKey(s, end):
chunk = STRINGCHUNKUNQUOTED.match(s,end)
for i in range(chunk.end()):
index = i+end
if not is_literal(s[index]):
return s[end:index], index
def JSONObject(state, encoding, strict, scan_once, object_hook,
object_pairs_hook, memo=None,
_w=WHITESPACE.match, _ws=WHITESPACE_STR):
(s, end) = state
# Backwards compatibility
if memo is None:
memo = {}
memo_get = memo.setdefault
pairs = []
# Use a slice to prevent IndexError from being raised, the following
# check will raise a more specific ValueError if the string is empty
nextchar = s[end:end + 1]
# Normally we expect nextchar == '"'
literal_check = False
# Changed Code Here.
if is_not_quote(nextchar):
if nextchar in _ws:
end = _w(s, end).end()
nextchar = s[end:end + 1]
# Trivial empty object
literal_check = is_literal(nextchar)
if nextchar == '}':
if object_pairs_hook is not None:
result = object_pairs_hook(pairs)
return result, end + 1
pairs = {}
if object_hook is not None:
pairs = object_hook(pairs)
return pairs, end + 1
elif nextchar != '"' and not literal_check: # Changed Code Here.
raise JSONDecodeError(
"Expecting property name enclosed in double quotes",
s, end)
# Changed Code Here.
if not literal_check:
end += 1
while True:
if literal_check:
key, end = nexUnquotedKey(s,end)
else:
# Changed Code Here.
if nextchar == "'":
key, end = scanstring(s, end, encoding, strict, SINGLE_QUOTE_BACKSLASH, STRINGCHUNKSINGLEQUOTED.match)
else:
key, end = scanstring(s, end, encoding, strict)
key = memo_get(key, key)
# To skip some function call overhead we optimize the fast paths where
# the JSON key separator is ": " or just ":".
if s[end:end + 1] != ':':
end = _w(s, end).end()
if s[end:end + 1] != ':':
raise JSONDecodeError("Expecting ':' delimiter", s, end)
end += 1
try:
if s[end] in _ws:
end += 1
if s[end] in _ws:
end = _w(s, end + 1).end()
except IndexError:
pass
value, end = scan_once(s, end)
pairs.append((key, value))
try:
nextchar = s[end]
if nextchar in _ws:
end = _w(s, end + 1).end()
nextchar = s[end]
except IndexError:
nextchar = ''
end += 1
if nextchar == '}':
break
elif nextchar != ',':
raise JSONDecodeError("Expecting ',' delimiter or '}'", s, end - 1)
try:
nextchar = s[end]
if nextchar in _ws:
end += 1
nextchar = s[end]
if nextchar in _ws:
end = _w(s, end + 1).end()
nextchar = s[end]
except IndexError:
nextchar = ''
# Changed Code Here.
if not literal_check:
end += 1
# Changed Code Here.
if is_not_quote(nextchar):
raise JSONDecodeError(
"Expecting property name enclosed in double quotes",
s, end - 1)
if object_pairs_hook is not None:
result = object_pairs_hook(pairs)
return result, end
pairs = dict(pairs)
if object_hook is not None:
pairs = object_hook(pairs)
return pairs, end
def JSONArray(state, scan_once, _w=WHITESPACE.match, _ws=WHITESPACE_STR):
(s, end) = state
values = []
nextchar = s[end:end + 1]
if nextchar in _ws:
end = _w(s, end + 1).end()
nextchar = s[end:end + 1]
# Look-ahead for trivial empty array
if nextchar == ']':
return values, end + 1
elif nextchar == '':
raise JSONDecodeError("Expecting value or ']'", s, end)
_append = values.append
while True:
value, end = scan_once(s, end)
_append(value)
nextchar = s[end:end + 1]
if nextchar in _ws:
end = _w(s, end + 1).end()
nextchar = s[end:end + 1]
end += 1
if nextchar == ']':
break
elif nextchar != ',':
raise JSONDecodeError("Expecting ',' delimiter or ']'", s, end - 1)
try:
if s[end] in _ws:
end += 1
if s[end] in _ws:
end = _w(s, end + 1).end()
except IndexError:
pass
return values, end
class JSONDecoder(object):
"""Simple JSON <http://json.org> decoder
Performs the following translations in decoding by default:
+---------------+-------------------+
| JSON | Python |
+===============+===================+
| object | dict |
+---------------+-------------------+
| array | list |
+---------------+-------------------+
| string | str, unicode |
+---------------+-------------------+
| number (int) | int, long |
+---------------+-------------------+
| number (real) | float |
+---------------+-------------------+
| true | True |
+---------------+-------------------+
| false | False |
+---------------+-------------------+
| null | None |
+---------------+-------------------+
It also understands ``NaN``, ``Infinity``, and ``-Infinity`` as
their corresponding ``float`` values, which is outside the JSON spec.
"""
def __init__(self, encoding=None, object_hook=None, parse_float=None,
parse_int=None, parse_constant=None, strict=True,
object_pairs_hook=None):
"""
*encoding* determines the encoding used to interpret any
:class:`str` objects decoded by this instance (``'utf-8'`` by
default). It has no effect when decoding :class:`unicode` objects.
Note that currently only encodings that are a superset of ASCII work,
strings of other encodings should be passed in as :class:`unicode`.
*object_hook*, if specified, will be called with the result of every
JSON object decoded and its return value will be used in place of the
given :class:`dict`. This can be used to provide custom
deserializations (e.g. to support JSON-RPC class hinting).
*object_pairs_hook* is an optional function that will be called with
the result of any object literal decode with an ordered list of pairs.
The return value of *object_pairs_hook* will be used instead of the
:class:`dict`. This feature can be used to implement custom decoders
that rely on the order that the key and value pairs are decoded (for
example, :func:`collections.OrderedDict` will remember the order of
insertion). If *object_hook* is also defined, the *object_pairs_hook*
takes priority.
*parse_float*, if specified, will be called with the string of every
JSON float to be decoded. By default, this is equivalent to
``float(num_str)``. This can be used to use another datatype or parser
for JSON floats (e.g. :class:`decimal.Decimal`).
*parse_int*, if specified, will be called with the string of every
JSON int to be decoded. By default, this is equivalent to
``int(num_str)``. This can be used to use another datatype or parser
for JSON integers (e.g. :class:`float`).
*parse_constant*, if specified, will be called with one of the
following strings: ``'-Infinity'``, ``'Infinity'``, ``'NaN'``. This
can be used to raise an exception if invalid JSON numbers are
encountered.
*strict* controls the parser's behavior when it encounters an
invalid control character in a string. The default setting of
``True`` means that unescaped control characters are parse errors, if
``False`` then control characters will be allowed in strings.
"""
if encoding is None:
encoding = DEFAULT_ENCODING
self.encoding = encoding
self.object_hook = object_hook
self.object_pairs_hook = object_pairs_hook
self.parse_float = parse_float or float
self.parse_int = parse_int or int
self.parse_constant = parse_constant or _CONSTANTS.__getitem__
self.strict = strict
self.parse_object = JSONObject
self.parse_array = JSONArray
self.parse_string = scanstring
self.parse_single_quoted_string = parse_single_quoted_string # Changed Code Here.
self.memo = {}
self.scan_once = make_scanner(self)
def decode(self, s, _w=WHITESPACE.match, _PY3=PY3):
"""Return the Python representation of ``s`` (a ``str`` or ``unicode``
instance containing a JSON document)
"""
if _PY3 and isinstance(s, binary_type):
s = s.decode(self.encoding)
obj, end = self.raw_decode(s)
end = _w(s, end).end()
if end != len(s):
raise JSONDecodeError("Extra data", s, end, len(s))
return obj
def raw_decode(self, s, idx=0, _w=WHITESPACE.match, _PY3=PY3):
"""Decode a JSON document from ``s`` (a ``str`` or ``unicode``
beginning with a JSON document) and return a 2-tuple of the Python
representation and the index in ``s`` where the document ended.
Optionally, ``idx`` can be used to specify an offset in ``s`` where
the JSON document begins.
This can be used to decode a JSON document from a string that may
have extraneous data at the end.
"""
if idx < 0:
# Ensure that raw_decode bails on negative indexes, the regex
# would otherwise mask this behavior. #98
raise JSONDecodeError('Expecting value', s, idx)
if _PY3 and not isinstance(s, text_type):
raise TypeError("Input string must be text, not bytes")
# strip UTF-8 bom
if len(s) > idx:
ord0 = ord(s[idx])
if ord0 == 0xfeff:
idx += 1
elif ord0 == 0xef and s[idx:idx + 3] == '\xef\xbb\xbf':
idx += 3
return self.scan_once(s, idx=_w(s, idx).end())
2）simplejson有scanner.py python文件。用此代码替换该文件代码
"""JSON token scanner
"""
import re
from .errors import JSONDecodeError
def _import_c_make_scanner():
try:
from ._speedups import make_scanner
return make_scanner
except ImportError:
return None
c_make_scanner = _import_c_make_scanner()
__all__ = ['make_scanner', 'JSONDecodeError']
NUMBER_RE = re.compile(
r'(-?(?:0|[1-9]\d*))(\.\d+)?([eE][-+]?\d+)?',
(re.VERBOSE | re.MULTILINE | re.DOTALL))
def py_make_scanner(context):
parse_object = context.parse_object
parse_array = context.parse_array
parse_string = context.parse_string
parse_single_quoted_string = context.parse_single_quoted_string # Changed Code Here.
match_number = NUMBER_RE.match
encoding = context.encoding
strict = context.strict
parse_float = context.parse_float
parse_int = context.parse_int
parse_constant = context.parse_constant
object_hook = context.object_hook
object_pairs_hook = context.object_pairs_hook
memo = context.memo
def _scan_once(string, idx):
errmsg = 'Expecting value'
try:
nextchar = string[idx]
except IndexError:
raise JSONDecodeError(errmsg, string, idx)
if nextchar == '"':
return parse_string(string, idx + 1, encoding, strict)
elif nextchar == "'":
return parse_single_quoted_string(string, idx + 1, encoding, strict) # Changed Code Here.
elif nextchar == '{':
return parse_object((string, idx + 1), encoding, strict,
_scan_once, object_hook, object_pairs_hook, memo)
elif nextchar == '[':
return parse_array((string, idx + 1), _scan_once)
elif nextchar == 'n' and string[idx:idx + 4] == 'null':
return None, idx + 4
elif nextchar == 't' and string[idx:idx + 4] == 'true':
return True, idx + 4
elif nextchar == 'f' and string[idx:idx + 5] == 'false':
return False, idx + 5
m = match_number(string, idx)
if m is not None:
integer, frac, exp = m.groups()
if frac or exp:
res = parse_float(integer + (frac or '') + (exp or ''))
else:
res = parse_int(integer)
return res, m.end()
elif nextchar == 'N' and string[idx:idx + 3] == 'NaN':
return parse_constant('NaN'), idx + 3
elif nextchar == 'I' and string[idx:idx + 8] == 'Infinity':
return parse_constant('Infinity'), idx + 8
elif nextchar == '-' and string[idx:idx + 9] == '-Infinity':
return parse_constant('-Infinity'), idx + 9
else:
raise JSONDecodeError(errmsg, string, idx)
def scan_once(string, idx):
if idx < 0:
# Ensure the same behavior as the C speedup, otherwise
# this would work for *some* negative string indices due
# to the behavior of __getitem__ for strings. #98
raise JSONDecodeError('Expecting value', string, idx)
try:
return _scan_once(string, idx)
finally:
memo.clear()
return scan_once
make_scanner = c_make_scanner or py_make_scanner
现在你已经准备好了。 Simplejson是我用过的最快，最稳定的图书馆。
我在simplejson中更改了几行代码，现在这个很棒的库适用于
我只更改了python代码。因此，如果您使用C扩展来加速提升，那么此代码将无效。
无论我在何处进行更改，我都添加了评论＃Changed Code Here
我以前作为访客用户错误地回答了，现在我无法登录编辑该答案，所以我发布了新帖子。