我正在尝试将图像添加到我正在创建的RTF文档中。我宁愿不使用'复制/粘贴'方法（包括在RichTextBox中粘贴图像然后访问.RTF属性）清除剪贴板（因为这对我的最终用户来说是一个麻烦和困惑）。
到目前为止，我所拥有的代码返回了需要插入到RTF文档中以打印图像的字符串。输入的图像（位于$ path）通常采用bmp或jpeg格式，但在此阶段我并不关心图像是如何存储在RTF中的，只是我可以让它工作。
public string GetImage(string path, int width, int height)
{
MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream();
string newPath = Path.Combine(Environment.CurrentDirectory, path);
Image img = Image.FromFile(newPath);
img.Save(stream, System.Drawing.Imaging.ImageFormat.Png);
byte [] bytes = stream.ToArray();
string str = BitConverter.ToString(bytes, 0).Replace("-", string.Empty);
//string str = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetString(bytes);
string mpic = @"{\pict\pngblip\picw" +
img.Width.ToString() + @"\pich" + img.Height.ToString() +
@"\picwgoa" + width.ToString() + @"\pichgoa" + height.ToString() +
@"\hex " + str + "}";
return mpic
}
然而问题是这段代码不起作用，因为据我所知，字符串str没有正确的字符串转换在RTF中工作。
编辑：我的问题是在@“\ hex”中的\ hex之后缺少一个空格，并且也没有从BitConverter的返回值中删除“ - ”字符
答案 0 :(得分：27)
尝试这些链接
你必须将“picwgoa”改为“picwgoal”，将“pichgoa”改为“pichgoal”
string mpic = @"{\pict\pngblip\picw" +
img.Width.ToString() + @"\pich" + img.Height.ToString() +
@"\picwgoal" + width.ToString() + @"\pichgoal" + height.ToString() +
@"\bin " + str + "}";
此处列出了支持的图像格式
\emfblip Source of the picture is an EMF (enhanced metafile).
\pngblip Source of the picture is a PNG.
\jpegblip Source of the picture is a JPEG.
\shppict Specifies a Word 97-2000 picture. This is a destination control word.
\nonshppict Specifies that Word 97-2000 has written a {\pict destination that it will not read on input. This keyword is for compatibility with other readers.
\macpict Source of the picture is QuickDraw.
\pmmetafileN Source of the picture is an OS/2 metafile. The N argument identifies the metafile type. The N values are described in the \pmmetafile table below.
\wmetafileN Source of the picture is a Windows metafile. The N argument identifies the metafile type (the default is 1).
\dibitmapN Source of the picture is a Windows device-independent bitmap. The N argument identifies the bitmap type (must equal 0).The information to be included in RTF from a Windows device-independent bitmap is the concatenation of the BITMAPINFO structure followed by the actual pixel data.
\wbitmapN Source of the picture is a Windows device-dependent bitmap. The N argument identifies the bitmap type (must equal 0).The information to be included in RTF from a Windows device-dependent bitmap is the result of the GetBitmapBits function.
答案 1 :(得分：10)
花了一天左右的谷歌搜索答案。拼凑来自遍布stackoverflow和其他来源的花絮。将此图像提供给它，它会返回您需要添加到richtextbox.rtf扩展名的字符串。图像宽度变化，需要计算，给出公式。
// RTF Image Format
// {\pict\wmetafile8\picw[A]\pich[B]\picwgoal[C]\pichgoal[D]
//
// A = (Image Width in Pixels / Graphics.DpiX) * 2540
//
// B = (Image Height in Pixels / Graphics.DpiX) * 2540
//
// C = (Image Width in Pixels / Graphics.DpiX) * 1440
//
// D = (Image Height in Pixels / Graphics.DpiX) * 1440
[Flags]
enum EmfToWmfBitsFlags
{
EmfToWmfBitsFlagsDefault = 0x00000000,
EmfToWmfBitsFlagsEmbedEmf = 0x00000001,
EmfToWmfBitsFlagsIncludePlaceable = 0x00000002,
EmfToWmfBitsFlagsNoXORClip = 0x00000004
}
const int MM_ISOTROPIC = 7;
const int MM_ANISOTROPIC = 8;
[DllImport("gdiplus.dll")]
private static extern uint GdipEmfToWmfBits(IntPtr _hEmf, uint _bufferSize,
byte[] _buffer, int _mappingMode, EmfToWmfBitsFlags _flags);
[DllImport("gdi32.dll")]
private static extern IntPtr SetMetaFileBitsEx(uint _bufferSize,
byte[] _buffer);
[DllImport("gdi32.dll")]
private static extern IntPtr CopyMetaFile(IntPtr hWmf,
string filename);
[DllImport("gdi32.dll")]
private static extern bool DeleteMetaFile(IntPtr hWmf);
[DllImport("gdi32.dll")]
private static extern bool DeleteEnhMetaFile(IntPtr hEmf);
public static string GetEmbedImageString(Bitmap image)
{
Metafile metafile = null;
float dpiX; float dpiY;
using (Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage (image))
{
IntPtr hDC = g.GetHdc ();
metafile = new Metafile (hDC, EmfType.EmfOnly);
g.ReleaseHdc (hDC);
}
using (Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage (metafile))
{
g.DrawImage (image, 0, 0);
dpiX = g.DpiX;
dpiY = g.DpiY;
}
IntPtr _hEmf = metafile.GetHenhmetafile ();
uint _bufferSize = GdipEmfToWmfBits (_hEmf, 0, null, MM_ANISOTROPIC,
EmfToWmfBitsFlags.EmfToWmfBitsFlagsDefault);
byte[] _buffer = new byte[_bufferSize];
GdipEmfToWmfBits (_hEmf, _bufferSize, _buffer, MM_ANISOTROPIC,
EmfToWmfBitsFlags.EmfToWmfBitsFlagsDefault);
IntPtr hmf = SetMetaFileBitsEx (_bufferSize, _buffer);
string tempfile = Path.GetTempFileName ();
CopyMetaFile (hmf, tempfile);
DeleteMetaFile (hmf);
DeleteEnhMetaFile (_hEmf);
var stream = new MemoryStream ();
byte[] data = File.ReadAllBytes (tempfile);
//File.Delete (tempfile);
int count = data.Length;
stream.Write (data, 0, count);
string proto = @"{\rtf1{\pict\wmetafile8\picw" + (int)( ( (float)image.Width / dpiX ) * 2540 )
+ @"\pich" + (int)( ( (float)image.Height / dpiY ) * 2540 )
+ @"\picwgoal" + (int)( ( (float)image.Width / dpiX ) * 1440 )
+ @"\pichgoal" + (int)( ( (float)image.Height / dpiY ) * 1440 )
+ " "
+ BitConverter.ToString(stream.ToArray()).Replace("-", "")
+ "}}";
return proto;
}
答案 2 :(得分：1)
此页面的后来访问者（例如我几天前）可能会发现以下链接很有用：Convert an image into WMF with .NET
人们会发现写字板会忽略任何未以正确的Windows MetaFile格式存储的图像。因此，此页面上的前一个示例根本不会显示（即使它在OpenOffice和Word本身中工作得很好）。写字板支持的格式为：
{/ pict / wmetafile8 / picw [width] / pich [height] / picwgoal [scaledwidth] / pichgoal [scaledheight] [image-as-string-of-byte-hex-values]}（方括号中的术语）用适当的数据替换。）
可以按照上述链接中的步骤来获取“适当的数据”。对于那些有python寻找解决方案的人来说，这是一个开头（我相信一些dpi /扩展问题仍然存在）。这需要 PIL （或 Pillow ）， ctypes 和 clr（Python .NET）。使用PIL / Pillow并首先打开图像。在这里，我打开它作为“canv”：
from ctypes import *
import clr
clr.AddReference("System.IO")
clr.AddReference("System.Drawing")
from System import IntPtr
from System.Drawing import SolidBrush
from System.Drawing import Color
from System.Drawing import Imaging
from System.Drawing import Graphics
from System.IO import FileStream
from System.IO import FileMode
from System.IO import MemoryStream
from System.IO import File
def byte_to_hex(bytefile):
acc = ''
b = bytefile.read(1)
while b:
acc+=("%02X" % ord(b))
b = bytefile.read(1)
return acc.strip()
#... in here is some code where 'canv' is created as the PIL image object, and
#... 'template' is defined as a string with placeholders for picw, pich,
#... picwgoal, pichgoal, and the image data
mfstream = MemoryStream()
offscrDC = Graphics.FromHwndInternal(IntPtr.Zero)
imgptr = offscrDC.GetHdc()
mfile = Imaging.Metafile(mfstream, imgptr, Imaging.EmfType.EmfOnly)
gfx = Graphics.FromImage(mfile)
width,height = canv.size
pixels = canv.load()
for x in range(width):
for y in range(height):
_r,_g,_b = pixels[x, y]
c = Color.FromArgb(_r, _g, _b)
brush = SolidBrush(c)
gfx.FillRectangle(brush, x, y, 1, 1)
gfx.Dispose()
offscrDC.ReleaseHdc()
_hEmf = mfile.GetHenhmetafile()
GdipEmfToWmfBits = windll.gdiplus.GdipEmfToWmfBits
_bufferSize = GdipEmfToWmfBits(
int(str(_hEmf)),
c_uint(0),
None,
c_int(8), # MM_ANISOTROPIC
c_uint(0x00000000)) # Default flags
_buffer = c_int * _bufferSize
_buffer = _buffer(*[0 for x in range(_bufferSize)])
GdipEmfToWmfBits( int(str(_hEmf)),
c_uint(_bufferSize),
_buffer,
c_int(8), # MM_ANISOTROPIC
c_uint(0x00000000) ) # Default flags
hmf = windll.gdi32.SetMetaFileBitsEx(c_uint(_bufferSize), _buffer)
windll.gdi32.CopyMetaFileA(int(str(hmf)), "temp.wmf")
windll.gdi32.DeleteMetaFile(int(str(hmf)))
windll.gdi32.DeleteEnhMetaFile(int(str(_hEmf)))
mfstream.Close()
imgstr = open("temp.wmf", 'rb')
imgstr = byte_to_hex(imgstr)
with open('script-out.rtf','wb') as outf:
template = template % (str(_cx),str(_cy),str(15*_cx),str(15*_cy),imgstr)
outf.write(template)
答案 3 :(得分：1)
我合并了RRUZ和JiffyWhip的答案，并清理了代码。
现在您可以将图像作为PNG或WMF插入。
我还用白色替换了透明性，因为WMF不支持不透明性。
private static string GetWidthAndHeight(Image image, float dpiX, float dpiY)
{
float width = (float)image.Width / dpiX;
float height = (float)image.Height / dpiY;
int picw = (int)(width * 2540);
int pich = (int)(height * 2540);
int picwgoal = (int)(width * 1440);
int pichgoal = (int)(height * 1440);
return "\\picw" + picw + "\\pich" + pich + "\\picwgoal" + picwgoal + "\\pichgoal" + pichgoal;
}
public static string InsertPngImage(Image image)
{
byte[] buffer;
using (var stream = new MemoryStream())
{
image.Save(stream, ImageFormat.Png);
buffer = stream.ToArray();
}
string hex = BitConverter.ToString(buffer, 0).Replace("-", string.Empty);
string widthAndHeight = GetWidthAndHeight(image, image.HorizontalResolution, image.VerticalResolution);
return "{\\pict\\pngblip" + widthAndHeight + " " + hex + "}";
}
[Flags]
enum EmfToWmfBitsFlags
{
EmfToWmfBitsFlagsDefault = 0x00000000,
EmfToWmfBitsFlagsEmbedEmf = 0x00000001,
EmfToWmfBitsFlagsIncludePlaceable = 0x00000002,
EmfToWmfBitsFlagsNoXORClip = 0x00000004
}
private static int MM_ANISOTROPIC = 8;
[DllImportAttribute("gdiplus.dll")]
private static extern uint GdipEmfToWmfBits(IntPtr hEmf, uint bufferSize, byte[] buffer, int mappingMode, EmfToWmfBitsFlags flags);
public static string InsertWmfImage(Image image)
{
image = ReplaceTransparency(image, Color.White);
Metafile metaFile;
float dpiX;
float dpiY;
using (Graphics graphics = Graphics.FromImage(image))
{
IntPtr hdc = graphics.GetHdc();
metaFile = new Metafile(hdc, EmfType.EmfOnly);
graphics.ReleaseHdc(hdc);
}
using (Graphics graphics = Graphics.FromImage(metaFile))
{
graphics.DrawImage(image, 0, 0, image.Width, image.Height);
dpiX = graphics.DpiX;
dpiY = graphics.DpiY;
}
IntPtr hEmf = metaFile.GetHenhmetafile();
uint bufferSize = GdipEmfToWmfBits(hEmf, 0, null, MM_ANISOTROPIC, EmfToWmfBitsFlags.EmfToWmfBitsFlagsDefault);
byte[] buffer = new byte[bufferSize];
uint convertedSize = GdipEmfToWmfBits(hEmf, bufferSize, buffer, MM_ANISOTROPIC, EmfToWmfBitsFlags.EmfToWmfBitsFlagsDefault);
string hex = BitConverter.ToString(buffer, 0).Replace("-", string.Empty);
string widthAndHeight = GetWidthAndHeight(image, dpiX, dpiY);
return "{\\pict\\wmetafile8" + widthAndHeight + " " + hex + "}";
}
private static Image ReplaceTransparency(Image image, Color background)
{
Bitmap bitmap = new Bitmap(image.Width, image.Height, PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb);
using (Graphics graphics = Graphics.FromImage(bitmap))
{
graphics.Clear(background);
graphics.CompositingMode = CompositingMode.SourceOver;
graphics.DrawImage(image, 0, 0, image.Width, image.Height);
}
return bitmap;
}
答案 4 :(得分：0)
我发现大多数RTF盒使用以下格式：
{\object\objemb{\*\objclass Paint.Picture}\objw2699\objh4799{\*\objdata [hex/bin]}}
当[hex/bin]是表示图像格式的大量十六进制字符串时。这种方式同时适用于Word rtf和RTF盒 - 因此效率更高。
在我的计算机中，大小为180x320像素的图像被转换为2699x4799缇，这意味着1pix = 15缇，据我所知，就像我在3台计算机上一样，它们之间是WinXP教授，WinXP主页和Win 7.