我有两个模型Order和OrderItem。
订购流程以OrderItem模式开始。
class OrderItem(SmartModel):
shopping_id = models.CharField(max_length=50,db_index=True)
quantity = models.IntegerField(default=0)
item = models.ForeignKey(Item)
order = models.ForeignKey(Order,null=True,blank=True)
OrderItem代表一个项目，是一个模型形式，其中一个字段为quantity，其他字段为excluded
我验证表单并创建这样的项目，
def show_item(request,id):
# need to evaluate the HTTP method
if request.method == 'POST':
a = Item.objects.get(pk=id)
form = PartialOrderItemForm(request.POST,instance=a)
# check validation of posted data
if form.is_valid():
order.add_to_order(request,a)
# if test cookie worked, get rid of it
if request.session.test_cookie_worked():
request.session.delete_test_cookie()
url =urlresolvers.reverse('order_index')
# redirect to order page
return HttpResponseRedirect(url)
else:
form = PartialOrderItemForm()
request.session.set_test_cookie()
context={
'form':form,
}
return render_to_response('item.html',context,context_instance=RequestContext(request))
在is_valid之后调用的函数，即order.add_to_order创建并保存项目。
def add_to_order(request,obj):
postdata = request.POST.copy()
#get quantity added, return 0 if empty
quantity = postdata.get('quantity',0)
# fetch the item or return missing page error_message
i = get_object_or_404(Item,pk=obj.id)
# get items in order
order_items = get_order_items(request)
item_in_orders = False
# check to see if item is already in order
for order_item in order_items:
if order_item.item.id == i.id:
#update the quantity if found
order_item.augment_quantity(quantity)
item_in_orders = True
if not item_in_orders:
# creat and save a new order item
anon_user = User.objects.get(id=settings.ANONYMOUS_USER_ID)
oi=OrderItem.objects.create(shopping_id=_shopping_id(request),
quantity=quantity,
item=i,
created_by=anon_user,
modified_by=anon_user)
oi.save()
当客户完成创建项目（在数据库中）时，他们填写的表格为Order
class Order(SmartModel):
#each individual status
SUBMITTED = 1 # the credit card was valid or mobilemoney was recieved.It is ready for us to process the order
PROCESSED = 2 # After submitted orders are reviewed, we can mark them as processed, letting deliverers know order is ready to be shipped
DELIVERED = 3 # the order has been processed and approved by the adminstrator(in this case us), it is delivered.
PICKED_UP =4 # the order has been processed and is picked up by customer
CANCELLED = 5 # Customer called the company and decided they didnt want to go through with the order either by phone or email.
# SET OF POSSIBLE STATUSES
ORDER_STATUSES = ((SUBMITTED,'Submitted'),(PROCESSED,'Processed'),(DELIVERED,'Delivered'),(PICKED_UP,'picked_up'),(CANCELLED,'Cancelled'),)
#Order info
date = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
status = models.IntegerField(choices=ORDER_STATUSES, default=SUBMITTED)
# customer = models.ForeignKey(Customer,null=True,blank=True,help_text="The customer who made this order",default=None,)
restaurant = models.ForeignKey(Restaurant,null=True,blank=True,default = None,help_text="The restaurant the customer order from")
#contact info
email = models.EmailField(max_length=50,help_text="Needed as alternative")
mobile = PhoneNumberField(max_length=20,default='+25078######',help_text="Needed to communicate and confirm payment from mobile money")
#billing information
billing_name= models.CharField(max_length=50,help_text="Needed so we can deliver to the right individual")
billing_address= models.CharField(max_length=50,help_text="Needed for delivery purposes, should be office address.")
billing_city = models.CharField(max_length=50,help_text="F4L services are only in selected cities.")
Order是我验证并保存的模型形式。
def show_checkout(request):
if order.is_empty(request):
cart_url = urlresolvers.reverse('order_index')
return HttpResponseRedirect(cart_url)
if request.method == 'POST':
postdata = request.POST.copy()
form = forms.CheckoutForm(request.POST,postdata)
if form.is_valid():
anon_user = User.objects.get(id=settings.ANONYMOUS_USER_ID)
obj = form.save(commit=False)
obj.created_by = anon_user
obj.modified_by = anon_user
obj.save()
if postdata['submit'] == 'place order':
reciept_url = urlresolvers.reverse('checkout_reciept')
return HttpResponseRedirect(reciept_url)
else:
form = forms.CheckoutForm
context = {
'form':form,
}
return render_to_response('checkout/checkout.html',context,context_instance=RequestContext(request))
我应该指出OrderItem在Order之前被调用..大部分混淆来自于
按照django文档https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/topics/db/queries/#following-relationships-backward
OrderItem相关的所有Order个对象
>>> from orders.models import OrderItem,Order
>>> a = Order.objects.get(id=1)
>>> a
<Order: blah blah blahbaah@blahblah.com +250780000000 1 2013-02-26 17:25:23.138738+00:00>
>>> a.orderitem_set.all()
[]
我认为它是空的，因为我没有保存外键，但我真的很困惑如何去做。任何帮助表示赞赏..
答案 0 :(得分：0)
您只需要传入（或以某种方式获取）订单的对象。
假设订单的PK在您的POST变量中，您可以这样做：
def add_to_order(request,obj):
postdata = request.POST.copy()
order = Order.objects.get(pk=postdata.get('order_id'))
…
oi=OrderItem.objects.create(order=order, shopping_id=_shopping_id(request), …)
根据您下面的评论，您在创建order之后创建了orderitem，使代码无意义。
如果尚未创建订单，则绝对无法将订单商品与订单绑定。至少没有做其他事情。
这就是我要做的事。
在OrderItem中添加一个新字段：
order_uuid = models.CharField(max_length=25, blank=False, null=True)
当您开始订购流程时（无论您从哪里开始），使用python的uuid包创建一个UUID：
import uuid
temporary_order_uuid = uuid.uuid4()
将此值传递给您的每个订单步骤，最后在创建时将其保存到orderitem。
oi=OrderItem.objects.create(order_uuid=temporary_order_uuid, …)
创建order后，请返回并使用订单的pk更新包含该uuid的所有orderitems：
order_items = OrderItems.objects.get(order_uuid=temporary_order_uuid)
for oi in order_items:
oi.order = order
oi.save()
更清洁的解决方案是在数据库中创建订单后创建orderitems，但我不知道您应用的所有要求。