Question

我有以下网址：

https://mantis.server.company/download/test/0022450-umlauts_öä_üüü_and_special_chars_%&$#.pdf

以前无法对字符串进行编码。我只需要处理这个字符串（我知道它不是一个有效的URL字符串），以便可以打开该路径后面的文件。

String url = "https://mantis-daun.server.company/download/test/0022450-umlauts_öä_üüü_and_special_chars_%&$#.pdf";

try {
    url = URLDecoder.decode(url, "UTF-8");
    URL myConnection = new URL(url);
    URLConnection connectMe = myConnection.openConnection();
    // Only for error processing
    HttpURLConnection httpConn = (HttpURLConnection) connectMe;
    InputStream is;
    if (httpConn.getResponseCode() >= 400) {
        is = httpConn.getErrorStream();
    } else {
        is = httpConn.getInputStream();
    }
    BufferedReader rd = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));
        String line;
        while ((line = rd.readLine()) != null)
        {
            System.out.println("-----" + line);
        }
        rd.close();     
    InputStream in = connectMe.getInputStream();
    BufferedInputStream bin = new BufferedInputStream(in);
    byte[] buffer = new byte[(int)connectMe.getContentLength()];
    int fi = 0;
    while(fi<buffer.length) {
        fi = fi + bin.read(buffer, fi, buffer.length - fi);
    }
    bin.close();
} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
}

通过这种方法我得到：

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: URLDecoder: Illegal hex characters in escape (%) pattern - For input string: "&$"
    at java.net.URLDecoder.decode(URLDecoder.java:173)
    at org.mssql.main.MSSQLAccess.main(MSSQLAccess.java:34)

url = url.replaceAll("%", "%25");我得到：

-----<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0//EN">
-----<html><head>
-----<title>400 Bad Request</title>
-----</head><body>
-----<h1>Bad Request</h1>
-----<p>Your browser sent a request that this server could not understand.<br />
-----</p>
-----<hr>
java.io.IOException: Server returned HTTP response code: 400 for URL: https://mantis-daun.server.company/download/test/0022450-umlauts_öä_üüü_and_special_chars_%&$#.pdf
-----<address>Apache/2.2.9 (Debian) PHP/5.2.6-1+lenny16 with Suhosin-Patch mod_ssl/2.2.9 OpenSSL/0.9.8o Server at mantis-daun.server.company Port 443</address>
-----</body></html>
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:39)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:27)
    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:513)
    at sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection$6.run(HttpURLConnection.java:1491)
    at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
    at sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.getChainedException(HttpURLConnection.java:1485)
    at sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.getInputStream(HttpURLConnection.java:1139)
    at sun.net.www.protocol.https.HttpsURLConnectionImpl.getInputStream(HttpsURLConnectionImpl.java:234)
    at org.mssql.main.MSSQLAccess.main(MSSQLAccess.java:51)
Caused by: java.io.IOException: Server returned HTTP response code: 400 for URL: https://mantis-daun.server.company/download/test/0022450-umlauts_öä_üüü_and_special_chars_%&$#.pdf
at sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.getInputStream(HttpURLConnection.java:1436)
at java.net.HttpURLConnection.getResponseCode(HttpURLConnection.java:379)
at sun.net.www.protocol.https.HttpsURLConnectionImpl.getResponseCode(HttpsURLConnectionImpl.java:318)
at org.mssql.main.MSSQLAccess.main(MSSQLAccess.java:39)

如果我想在普通浏览器中打开“URL”，我还会收到“400：BAD REQUEST”。

那么，有没有办法用变音符号和特殊字符处理字符串，以便它可以用作“URL”？

也许服务器设置也有问题？

Answer 1

嗯，你尝试解码网址，但你实际应该编码它来制作你想要的东西。它实际上崩溃了，因为它试图解码％＆amp; $，这是无效的十六进制符号......

编码将导致： HTTPS％3A％2F％2Fmantis-daun.server.company％2Fdownload％2Ftest％2F0022450-umlauts_％C3％B6％C3％A4_％C3％BC％C3％BC％C3％BC_and_special_chars_％25％26％24％23。 PDF

Answer 2

首先，正如Xavjer指出的那样，你需要编码这个URL。接下来，分割URL并仅编码路径的“文本”部分是有意义的。域名未编码（如果您有非拉丁域名，则必须根据Punycode进行编码），还必须保留路径分隔符（当您对整个URL进行编码时不是这种情况）。所以你只编码“下载”，“测试”和文件名+扩展部分

使用变音符号和其他特殊字符处理URL

2 个答案: