从MemberExpression中获取对象?

时间:2009-10-23 12:55:12

标签: c# lambda expression-trees

所以,假设我在C#中有以下表达式:

Expression<Func<string>> expr = () => foo.Bar;

如何提取对foo的引用?

5 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:47)

  

我有同样的问题,但有点复杂,Darin Dimitrov的回答给了我一个良好的开端。我会在这里发布我的结果,尽管事实上这是一个“旧”问题。


案例1:根对象是对象成员

    this.textBox.Text    // where 'this' has type 'Form'

...等同于以下表达式树:

.                                    +====================+
.                                    |  MemberExpression  |
.                                    +====================+
#                                      |                |
#                          .Expression |                | .Member
#                                      v                v
.                    +------------------+              +------------+
.                    | MemberExpression |              | MemberInfo |
.                    +------------------+              +------------+
#                      |              |                 .Name = "Text"
#          .Expression |              | .Member         .MemberType = Property
#                      v              v
.   +--------------------+          +------------+
.   | ConstantExpression |          | MemberInfo |
.   +--------------------+          +------------+
#    .Value = this                   .Name = "textBox"
#    .Type  = typeof(Form)           .MemberType = Field

此表达式树中您实际获得对象引用的唯一位置来自ConstantExpression:它允许您获取对this的引用。因此,在此树中获取任何对象引用的基本思想如下:

  1. 沿着.Expression轴下降到表达式树,直到到达ConstantExpression节点。

  2. 抓住该节点的.Value属性。这是根对象引用(即上例中的this)。

  3. 使用表达式树中的反射和MemberInfo节点,获取对象引用,然后以“向上”的方式返回表达式树。

  4. 这里有一些代码可以证明这一点:

    Expression expr = ...;   // <-- initially set to the expression tree's root
    
    var memberInfos = new Stack<MemberInfo>();
    
    // "descend" toward's the root object reference:
    while (expr is MemberExpression)
    {
        var memberExpr = expr as MemberExpression;
        memberInfos.Push(memberExpr.Member);
        expr = memberExpr.Expression
    }
    
    // fetch the root object reference:
    var constExpr = expr as ConstantExpression;
    var objReference = constExpr.Value;
    
    // "ascend" back whence we came from and resolve object references along the way:
    while (memberInfos.Count > 0)  // or some other break condition
    {
        var mi = memberInfos.Pop();
        if (mi.MemberType == MemberTypes.Property)
        {
            objReference = objReference.GetType()
                                       .GetProperty(mi.Name)
                                       .GetValue(objReference, null);
        }
        else if (mi.MemberType == MemberTypes.Field)
        {
            objReference = objReference.GetType()
                                       .GetField(mi.Name)
                                       .GetValue(objReference);
        }
    }
    

    案例2:根对象是静态类成员

        Form.textBox.Text    // where 'textBox' is a static member of type 'Form'
    

    ...导致不同的表达式树。请注意左下角的空引用:

    .                                    +====================+
    .                                    |  MemberExpression  |
    .                                    +====================+
    #                                      |                |
    #                          .Expression |                | .Member
    #                                      v                v
    .                    +------------------+              +------------+
    .                    | MemberExpression |              | MemberInfo |
    .                    +------------------+              +------------+
    #                      |              |                 .Name = "Text"
    #          .Expression |              | .Member         .MemberType = Property
    #                      v              v
    .                     null          +------------+
    .                                   | MemberInfo |
    .                                   +------------+
    #                                   .Name = "textBox"
    #                                   .MemberType = Field
    #                                   .DeclaringType = typeof(Form)
    

    在这里,您无法通过等待ConstantExpression来停止“下降”阶段。而是在到达空引用时停止降序。接下来,检索根对象引用,如下所示:

    var mi = memberInfos.Pop();
    objReference = mi.DeclaringType
                     .GetField(member.Name, BindingFlags.Static)  // or .GetProperty!
                     .GetValue(null);
    

    从此开始的“提升”阶段与以前相同。


    肯定有更多的情况(例如命名参数作为根对象),但我希望到现在为止,我已经有了基本的想法,所以我会在这里切断。

答案 1 :(得分:38)

Expression<Func<string>> expr = () => foo.Bar;
var me = (MemberExpression)((MemberExpression)expr.Body).Expression;
var ce = (ConstantExpression)me.Expression;
var fieldInfo = ce.Value.GetType().GetField(me.Member.Name, BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.NonPublic);
var value = (Foo)fieldInfo.GetValue(ce.Value);

答案 2 :(得分:2)

有一个更简单的解决方案:

var pExpression = ((MemberExpression)expr.Body);
var bindingObject = Expression.Lambda(((MemberExpression)pExpression.Expression)).Compile().DynamicInvoke();

答案 3 :(得分:0)

谢谢,staks - 你的榜样给了我很多帮助!所以我想为第一个案例做一些补充:

要从方法中提取值,应该替换代码:

// fetch the root object reference:
var constExpr = expr as ConstantExpression;
var objReference = constExpr.Value;

代码:

    var newExpression = expr as NewExpression;
    if (newExpression != null)
    {                
        return newExpression.Constructor.Invoke(newExpression.Arguments.Select(GetObjectValue).ToArray());
    }

    var methodCallExpr = expr as MethodCallExpression;
    if (methodCallExpr != null)
    {
        var value = methodCallExpr.Method.Invoke(methodCallExpr.Object == null
                                                                 ? null
                                                                 : GetObjectValue(methodCallExpr.Object),
methodCallExpr.Arguments.Select(GetObjectValue).ToArray());
                    return value;
    }

    // fetch the root object reference:
    var constExpr = expr as ConstantExpression;
    if (constExpr == null)
    {
         return null;
    }
    var objReference = constExpr.Value;
    // ... the rest remains unchanged

这样可以从以下表达式中提取值:

aInstane.MethodCall(anArgument1, anArgument2) or
AType.MethodCall(anArgument1, anArgument2) or
new AType().MethodCall(anArgument1, aInstane.MethodCall(anArgument2, anArgument3))

答案 4 :(得分:0)

这是我在单元测试中使用的:

 internal static INotifyPropertyChanged SubModel < T, TProperty > (T model, Expression < Func < T, TProperty >> pickProperty) where T: INotifyPropertyChanged {
   MemberExpression memberExpression = (MemberExpression) pickProperty.Body;
   ParameterExpression parameterExpression = pickProperty.Parameters[0];
   Expression mem = memberExpression.Expression;
   var delegateType = typeof(Func < , > ).MakeGenericType(typeof(T), mem.Type);
   LambdaExpression lambdaExpression = Expression.Lambda(delegateType, mem, parameterExpression);
   object subModel = lambdaExpression.Compile().DynamicInvoke(model);
   return subModel as INotifyPropertyChanged ? ? model;
  }