我正在使用临时用户名系统构建一个简单的聊天服务器。当屏幕弹出时，它会以一个简单的屏幕开始询问您的用户名。你可以放任何你想要的东西，这纯粹是暂时的（我也在试验）。代码告诉程序继续，将用户名保存到临时使用的代码中，然后进入主聊天服务器（到目前为止只是一个GUI）。但事实并非如此。相反，Java非常粗鲁地告诉我，我犯了一个错误，我是一个坏人。我不确定我做错了什么或它是如何发生的，因为一切似乎都很好，我认为我的按钮听众是正确的。我的错误是什么，我该如何解决？这是我的代码：
package coltGUI;
import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.GridBagConstraints;
import java.awt.GridBagLayout;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JScrollPane;
import javax.swing.JTextArea;
import javax.swing.JTextField;
import javax.swing.UIManager;
public class MainGUI {
String username;
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
UIManager.setLookAndFeel(UIManager.getSystemLookAndFeelClassName());
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
MainGUI gui = new MainGUI();
gui.preDisplay();
}
JFrame frame;
JButton sendMessage;
JTextField messageBox;
JTextArea chatBox;
JTextArea usernameChooser;
JFrame preFrame;
private void preDisplay() {
JFrame preFrame = new JFrame("Choose your username!(Colt chat v 0.1");
JTextField usernameChooser = new JTextField();
JLabel chooseUsernameLabel = new JLabel("Pick a username:");
JButton enterServer = new JButton("Enter Chat Server");
JPanel prePanel = new JPanel(new GridBagLayout());
GridBagConstraints preRight = new GridBagConstraints();
preRight.anchor = GridBagConstraints.EAST;
GridBagConstraints preLeft = new GridBagConstraints();
preLeft.anchor = GridBagConstraints.WEST;
preRight.weightx = 2.0;
preRight.fill = GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL;
preRight.gridwidth = GridBagConstraints.REMAINDER;
preFrame.add(BorderLayout.CENTER, prePanel);
prePanel.add(chooseUsernameLabel, preLeft);
prePanel.add(usernameChooser, preRight);
preFrame.add(BorderLayout.SOUTH, enterServer);
preFrame.setVisible(true);
preFrame.setSize(300, 300);
enterServer.addActionListener(new enterServerButtonListener());
}
public void display() {
frame = new JFrame("Colt Chat (Alpha 0.1)");
JPanel southPanel = new JPanel();
frame.add(BorderLayout.SOUTH, southPanel);
southPanel.setBackground(Color.BLUE);
southPanel.setLayout(new GridBagLayout());
messageBox = new JTextField(30);
sendMessage = new JButton("Send Message");
chatBox = new JTextArea();
chatBox.setEditable(false);
frame.add(new JScrollPane(chatBox), BorderLayout.CENTER);
chatBox.setLineWrap(true);
GridBagConstraints left = new GridBagConstraints();
left.anchor = GridBagConstraints.WEST;
GridBagConstraints right = new GridBagConstraints();
right.anchor = GridBagConstraints.EAST;
right.weightx = 2.0;
southPanel.add(messageBox, left);
southPanel.add(sendMessage, right);
chatBox.setFont(new Font("Serif", Font.PLAIN, 15));
sendMessage.addActionListener(new sendMessageButtonListener());
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.setSize(470, 300);
}
class sendMessageButtonListener implements ActionListener {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event) {
if (messageBox.getText().length() < 1) {
// do nothing
} else if (messageBox.getText().equals(".clear")) {
chatBox.setText("Cleared all messages\n");
messageBox.setText("");
} else {
chatBox.append("<" + username + ">:" + messageBox.getText() + "\n");
messageBox.setText("");
}
}
}
class enterServerButtonListener implements ActionListener {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event) {
username = usernameChooser.getText();
preFrame.setVisible(false);
frame.setVisible(true);
}
}
}
这就是错误。当我尝试按下选择用户名GUI上的“输入服务器”按钮时会发生这种情况：
Exception in thread "AWT-EventQueue-0" java.lang.NullPointerException
at coltGUI.MainGUI$enterServerButtonListener.actionPerformed(MainGUI.java:113)
at javax.swing.AbstractButton.fireActionPerformed(Unknown Source)
at javax.swing.AbstractButton$Handler.actionPerformed(Unknown Source)
at javax.swing.DefaultButtonModel.fireActionPerformed(Unknown Source)
at javax.swing.DefaultButtonModel.setPressed(Unknown Source)
at javax.swing.plaf.basic.BasicButtonListener.mouseReleased(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.Component.processMouseEvent(Unknown Source)
at javax.swing.JComponent.processMouseEvent(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.Component.processEvent(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.Container.processEvent(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.Component.dispatchEventImpl(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.Container.dispatchEventImpl(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.Component.dispatchEvent(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.LightweightDispatcher.retargetMouseEvent(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.LightweightDispatcher.processMouseEvent(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.LightweightDispatcher.dispatchEvent(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.Container.dispatchEventImpl(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.Window.dispatchEventImpl(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.Component.dispatchEvent(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.EventQueue.dispatchEventImpl(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.EventQueue.access$000(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.EventQueue$3.run(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.EventQueue$3.run(Unknown Source)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at java.security.ProtectionDomain$1.doIntersectionPrivilege(Unknown Source)
at java.security.ProtectionDomain$1.doIntersectionPrivilege(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.EventQueue$4.run(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.EventQueue$4.run(Unknown Source)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at java.security.ProtectionDomain$1.doIntersectionPrivilege(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.EventQueue.dispatchEvent(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpOneEventForFilters(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEventsForFilter(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEventsForHierarchy(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEvents(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEvents(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.run(Unknown Source)
答案 0 :(得分：4)
因为您的听众所依赖的字段尚未初始化
JFrame frame;
JButton sendMessage;
JTextField messageBox;
JTextArea chatBox;
JTextArea usernameChooser;
JFrame preFrame;
private void preDisplay() {
// All the above fields have been redeclared here and are local to the constrcutor
JFrame preFrame = new JFrame("Choose your username!(Colt chat v 0.1");
JTextField usernameChooser = new JTextField();
JLabel chooseUsernameLabel = new JLabel("Pick a username:");
JButton enterServer = new JButton("Enter Chat Server");
JPanel prePanel = new JPanel(new GridBagLayout());
GridBagConstraints preRight = new GridBagConstraints();
preRight.anchor = GridBagConstraints.EAST;
GridBagConstraints preLeft = new GridBagConstraints();
应该更像......
JFrame frame;
JButton sendMessage;
JTextField messageBox;
JTextArea chatBox;
JTextArea usernameChooser;
JFrame preFrame;
private void preDisplay() {
// All the above fields have been redeclared here and are local to the constrcutor
preFrame = new JFrame("Choose your username!(Colt chat v 0.1");
usernameChooser = new JTextField();
JLabel chooseUsernameLabel = new JLabel("Pick a username:");
JButton enterServer = new JButton("Enter Chat Server");
JPanel prePanel = new JPanel(new GridBagLayout());