WPF datagrid头文本绑定

时间:2009-11-01 21:28:12

标签: wpf data-binding datagrid

由于某种原因,DataGrid的列标题不是FrameWork元素,因此您不能使用绑定来设置标题文本之类的内容。如果用.NET 4.0改变了(如果我现在使用CodePlex的最新WPFToolkit),请纠正我。

我正在尝试使用DataGrid进行时间表演示,其中日期应该是标题文本的一部分(即“Sun,Nov 01”),我在XAML中有以下内容:

        <dg:DataGrid.Columns>
        <dg:DataGridTextColumn Header="Description" Width="Auto" Binding="{Binding Description}" IsReadOnly="True"/>
        <dg:DataGridTextColumn Header="Mon" Width="50" Binding="{Binding Allocations[0].Amount}"  />
... every other day of the week ....
        <dg:DataGridTextColumn Header="Sun" Width="50" Binding="{Binding Allocations[6].Amount}"  />
        <dg:DataGridTextColumn Header="Total" MinWidth="50" Binding="{Binding TotalAllocatedAmount}" IsReadOnly="True" />
    </dg:DataGrid.Columns>

我想使用我用于数据的相同AllocationViewModel(即“{Binding Allocations [0] .Amount}”并将其DisplayName属性绑定到标题文本。有人可以告诉我该怎么做吗?如果我必须使用静态资源,我如何在那里获取DataContext?

编辑----------------首选工作

约什史密斯发布了约DataContextSpy一段时间,这是我遇到这个问题最干净的解决方法。以下是使其有效的类:

/// <summary>
/// Workaround to enable <see cref="DataContext"/> bindings in situations where the DataContext is not redily available. 
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>http://blogs.infragistics.com/blogs/josh_smith/archive/2008/06/26/data-binding-the-isvisible-property-of-contextualtabgroup.aspx</remarks>
public class DataContextSpy : Freezable
{
    public DataContextSpy()
    {
        // This binding allows the spy to inherit a DataContext.
        BindingOperations.SetBinding(this, DataContextProperty, new Binding());
    }

    public object DataContext
    {
        get { return GetValue(DataContextProperty); }
        set { SetValue(DataContextProperty, value); }
    }

    // Borrow the DataContext dependency property from FrameworkElement.
    public static readonly DependencyProperty DataContextProperty = FrameworkElement
        .DataContextProperty.AddOwner(typeof (DataContextSpy));

    protected override Freezable CreateInstanceCore()
    {
        // We are required to override this abstract method.
        throw new NotImplementedException();
    }
}

有了这个,我可以在xaml中劫持我需要的DC:

    <dg:DataGrid.Resources>
        <behavior:DataContextSpy x:Key="spy" DataContext="{Binding Allocations}" />
    </dg:DataGrid.Resources>

然后根据需要通过绑定申请:

            <dg:DataGridTextColumn Header="{Binding Source={StaticResource spy}, Path=DataContext[0].DisplayName}" 
                               Width="50" Binding="{Binding Allocations[0].Amount}"  />

徐-weet!

9 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:18)

这是将DataGridTextColumn标头绑定到数据上下文的简单方法:

<DataGrid x:Name="summaryGrid" Grid.Row="3" AutoGenerateColumns="False" IsReadOnly="True" CanUserAddRows="False">
       <DataGrid.Columns>
            <DataGridTextColumn Header="Hard Coded Title" Width="*"/>
            <DataGridTextColumn Width="100">
                <DataGridTextColumn.Header>
                    <TextBlock Text="{Binding DataContext.SecondColumnTitle, 
                                              RelativeSource={RelativeSource AncestorType={x:Type local:MainWindow}}}"/>
                </DataGridTextColumn.Header>
            </DataGridTextColumn>
            <DataGridTextColumn Width="150">
                <DataGridTextColumn.Header>
                    <TextBlock Text="{Binding DataContext.ThirdColumnTitle, 
                                              RelativeSource={RelativeSource AncestorType={x:Type local:MainWindow}}}"/>
                </DataGridTextColumn.Header>
            </DataGridTextColumn>
        </DataGrid.Columns>
    </DataGrid>

您显然需要在数据上下文类中实现属性:SecondColumnTitleThirdColumnTitle

我有这个解决方案在.net 4.5中运行,并且没有机会也没有理由在早期版本的框架中尝试它。

答案 1 :(得分:4)

顺便说一句,在 Silverlight (使用SL 3.0测试)中,您只需使用 Header属性作为DataContext ,通过HeaderStyle设置 ControlTemplate (见我的related question on SO)。

我刚刚在WPF 3.5中使用 WPF Toolkit DataGrid 尝试了这个解决方案,并且可以使用

答案 2 :(得分:2)

**编辑: -

您可以设置DataGridColumnHeader的样式并执行一些时髦的绑定。尝试here并下载ColumnHeaderBindings.zip,它有一个小测试项目,这有点像黑客,但它的工作原理

**结束编辑

列上的绑定基于每行,该列不是可视树的一部分,绑定将应用于网格中的每个项目,从网格源代码中你可以看到属性Binding有这些注释

    /// <summary>
    ///     The binding that will be applied to the generated element.
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    ///     This isn't a DP because if it were getting the value would evaluate the binding.
    /// </remarks>

因此,对列的绑定没有多大意义,因为正如您所知,当您不是可视树的一部分时,您没有数据上下文。

当您想要绑定到项目源时,ComboBoxColumn存在同样的问题。您可以绑定到StaticResource,但StaticResources也没有数据上下文。您可以使用对象数据提供程序或直接在xaml中实例化。

但我只是在代码中创建列,并设置标题。这个问题就此消失了。

视觉布局上有一篇好文章here

答案 3 :(得分:2)

我的解决方案允许在DataGridColumn中使用需要绑定的属性的名称写一行。他具有以下特点:

  • 支持DataGridTextColumn
  • 支持DataGridTemplateColumn
  • 为每列设置StringFormat
  • 指定StringFormat
  • 的静态值
  • 完全符合MVVM模式

示例,如下所示,包括StringFormat(他应该站在PropertyPath之前):

<DataGridTextColumn Behaviors:DataGridHeader.StringFormat="StringFormat: {0:C}"
                    Behaviors:DataGridHeader.PropertyPath="HeaderValueOne" ... /> 

相当于这一行:

<DataGridTextColumn HeaderStringFormat="{0:C}"
                    Header="{Binding Path=HeaderValueOne}" ... />

谁需要更多解决方案和功能的示例,请阅读以下内容。

  示例项目的

Link


<强> Notes about the solution

从我之前看到的所有解决方案中,对我来说最简单的就是example

<DataGridTextColumn Binding="{Binding Name}">
    <DataGridTextColumn.HeaderTemplate>
        <DataTemplate>
            <TextBlock Text="{Binding Path=DataContext.YourPropertyName,
                                      RelativeSource={RelativeSource AncestorType={x:Type SomeControl}}" />
         </DataTemplate>
    </DataGridTextColumn.HeaderTemplate>
</DataGridTextColumn>        

请注意 DataGridTextColumn.HeaderTemplate ,如果使用了DataGridTextColumn.Header,那么对于4.5以下的.NET框架,对于Silverlight会产生异常:

  

标头属性不支持UIElements

似乎有必要吗?我想找到一个解决方案,允许在DataGridColumn中用一个需要绑定的属性的名称写一行。

这就是发生的事情:

<DataGridTextColumn Behaviors:DataGridHeader.PropertyPath="HeaderValueOne" // Attached dependency property 

这种结构与此相似:

<DataGridTextColumn Header="{Binding Path=HeaderValueOne}" ... />

也可以对每列使用StringFormat,如下所示:

<DataGridTextColumn Behaviors:DataGridHeader.StringFormat="StringFormat: {0:C}"
                    Behaviors:DataGridHeader.PropertyPath="TestStringFormatValue" ... />

并且可以为StringFormat指定静态值:

<DataGridTextColumn Behaviors:DataGridHeader.StringFormat="{x:Static Member=this:TestData.TestStaticStringFormatValue}" // public static string TestStaticStringFormatValue = "Static StringFormat: {0}$";
                    Behaviors:DataGridHeader.PropertyPath="TestStringFormatValue"

以下是原始DataTemplate,动态设置为列:

<DataTemplate>
    <TextBlock Text="{Binding Path=DataContext.YourPropertyName,
                              StringFormat="YourStringFormat",
                              RelativeSource={RelativeSource AncestorType={x:Type DataGridCellsPanel}}}" />
</DataTemplate>

为了 RelativeSource 不依赖于DataContext的类型,我从solution先生那里获得了很好的Bruno

在这种情况下,DataGridCellsPanel包含正确的DataContext,它是为父DataGrid设置的。

以下是执行所有魔法的基本代码:

<强> IsSetHeader PropertyChanged handler

private static void IsSetHeader(DependencyObject sender, DependencyPropertyChangedEventArgs e)
{
    var textColumn = sender as DataGridTextColumn;
    var templateColumn = sender as DataGridTemplateColumn;
    string path = e.NewValue as string;

    if ((textColumn == null) & (templateColumn == null)) 
    {
        return;
    }

    if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(path) == false)
    {
        currentStringFormat = ReturnStringFormat(textColumn, templateColumn);
        dataTemplate = CreateDynamicDataTemplate(path, currentStringFormat);

        if (dataTemplate != null)
        {
            if (textColumn != null)
                textColumn.HeaderTemplate = dataTemplate;

            if (templateColumn != null)
                templateColumn.HeaderTemplate = dataTemplate;
        }
    }
}

<强> CreateDynamicDataTemplate

private static DataTemplate CreateDynamicDataTemplate(string propertyPath, string stringFormat)
{
    var pc = new ParserContext();
    MemoryStream sr = null;

    string xaml = GetXamlString(propertyPath, stringFormat);            
    sr = new MemoryStream(Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(xaml));

    pc.XmlnsDictionary.Add("", "http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation");
    pc.XmlnsDictionary.Add("x", "http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml");

    return XamlReader.Load(sr, pc) as DataTemplate;
}

<强> GetXamlString

private static string GetXamlString(string propertyPath, string stringFormat)
{
    #region Original PropertyPath for TextBlock

    // {Binding Path=DataContext.YourProperty, RelativeSource={RelativeSource AncestorType={x:Type DataGridCellsPanel}}}"
    // Thanks to Bruno (https://stackoverflow.com/users/248118/bruno) for this trick

    #endregion

    var sb = new StringBuilder();

    sb.Append("<DataTemplate><TextBlock Text=\"{Binding Path=DataContext.");
    sb.Append(propertyPath);
    sb.Append(", StringFormat=");
    sb.Append(stringFormat);
    sb.Append(", RelativeSource={RelativeSource AncestorType={x:Type DataGridCellsPanel}}}\" /></DataTemplate>");

    return sb.ToString();
}

StringFormat必须出现在PropertyPath之前,因为它是可选的。为了列,没有它的人不是例外,我在GetStringFormat注册了try-catch:

 public static string GetStringFormat(DependencyObject DepObject)
 {
    try
    {
        return (string)DepObject.GetValue(StringFormatProperty);
    }

    catch 
    {
        return String.Empty;
    }
 }

Plus:不要在try-catch块中写入,试图获取值。

减号:程序启动时会生成一次错过StringFormat异常的减号。如果它对您至关重要,您始终可以为列指定StringFormat="null"

以防万一,显示项目的完整代码:

public static class DataGridHeader
{
    #region Private Section

    private static string textColumnStringFormat = null;
    private static string templateColumnStringFormat = null;
    private static string currentStringFormat = null;
    private static DataTemplate dataTemplate = null;

    #endregion

    #region PropertyPath DependencyProperty

    public static readonly DependencyProperty PropertyPathProperty;

    public static void SetPropertyPath(DependencyObject DepObject, string value)
    {
        DepObject.SetValue(PropertyPathProperty, value);
    }

    public static string GetPropertyPath(DependencyObject DepObject)
    {
        return (string)DepObject.GetValue(PropertyPathProperty);
    }

    #endregion

    #region StringFormat DependencyProperty

    public static readonly DependencyProperty StringFormatProperty;

    public static void SetStringFormat(DependencyObject DepObject, string value)
    {
        DepObject.SetValue(StringFormatProperty, value);
    }

    public static string GetStringFormat(DependencyObject DepObject)
    {
        try
        {
            return (string)DepObject.GetValue(StringFormatProperty);
        }

        catch 
        {
            return String.Empty;
        }
    }

    #endregion

    #region Constructor

    static DataGridHeader()
    {
        PropertyPathProperty = DependencyProperty.RegisterAttached("PropertyPath",
                                                                   typeof(string),
                                                                   typeof(DataGridHeader),
                                                                   new UIPropertyMetadata(String.Empty, IsSetHeader));

        StringFormatProperty = DependencyProperty.RegisterAttached("StringFormat",
                                                                   typeof(string),
                                                                   typeof(DataGridHeader),
                                                                   new UIPropertyMetadata(String.Empty));  
    }

    #endregion

    #region IsSetHeader PropertyChanged Handler

    private static void IsSetHeader(DependencyObject sender, DependencyPropertyChangedEventArgs e)
    {
        var textColumn = sender as DataGridTextColumn;
        var templateColumn = sender as DataGridTemplateColumn;
        string path = e.NewValue as string;

        if ((textColumn == null) & (templateColumn == null)) 
        {
            return;
        }

        if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(path) == false)
        {
            currentStringFormat = ReturnStringFormat(textColumn, templateColumn);
            dataTemplate = CreateDynamicDataTemplate(path, currentStringFormat);

            if (dataTemplate != null)
            {
                if (textColumn != null)
                    textColumn.HeaderTemplate = dataTemplate;

                if (templateColumn != null)
                    templateColumn.HeaderTemplate = dataTemplate;
            }
        }
    }

    #endregion

    #region ReturnStringFormat Helper

    private static string ReturnStringFormat(DependencyObject depObject1, DependencyObject depObject2) 
    {
        textColumnStringFormat = GetStringFormat(depObject1) as string;
        templateColumnStringFormat = GetStringFormat(depObject2) as string;

        if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(textColumnStringFormat) == false)
        {
            return textColumnStringFormat;
        }

        if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(templateColumnStringFormat) == false)
        {
            return templateColumnStringFormat;
        }

        return "null";
    }

    #endregion

    #region CreateDynamicDataTemplate Helper

    private static DataTemplate CreateDynamicDataTemplate(string propertyPath, string stringFormat)
    {
        var pc = new ParserContext();
        MemoryStream sr = null;

        string xaml = GetXamlString(propertyPath, stringFormat);            
        sr = new MemoryStream(Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(xaml));

        pc.XmlnsDictionary.Add("", "http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation");
        pc.XmlnsDictionary.Add("x", "http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml");

        return XamlReader.Load(sr, pc) as DataTemplate;
    }

    #endregion

    #region GetXamlString Helper

    private static string GetXamlString(string propertyPath, string stringFormat)
    {
        #region Original PropertyPath for TextBlock

        // {Binding Path=DataContext.YourProperty, RelativeSource={RelativeSource AncestorType={x:Type DataGridCellsPanel}}}"
        // Thanks to Bruno (https://stackoverflow.com/users/248118/bruno) for this trick

        #endregion

        var sb = new StringBuilder();

        sb.Append("<DataTemplate><TextBlock Text=\"{Binding Path=DataContext.");
        sb.Append(propertyPath);
        sb.Append(", StringFormat=");
        sb.Append(stringFormat);
        sb.Append(", RelativeSource={RelativeSource AncestorType={x:Type DataGridCellsPanel}}}\" /></DataTemplate>");

        return sb.ToString();
    }

    #endregion
}

<强> XAML

<Window x:Class="BindingHeaderInDataGrid.MainWindow"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        xmlns:this="clr-namespace:BindingHeaderInDataGrid"
        xmlns:Behaviors="clr-namespace:BindingHeaderInDataGrid.AttachedBehaviors"
        WindowStartupLocation="CenterScreen"
        Title="MainWindow" Height="220" Width="600">

    <Window.DataContext>
        <this:TestData />
    </Window.DataContext>

    <Grid Name="TestGrid">
        <DataGrid Name="TestDataGrid" 
                  Width="550"
                  Height="100"
                  Margin="10"
                  VerticalAlignment="Top"
                  Background="AliceBlue">

            <DataGrid.Columns>
                <DataGridTextColumn Behaviors:DataGridHeader.StringFormat="StringFormat: {0:C}"
                                    Behaviors:DataGridHeader.PropertyPath="TestStringFormatValue"
                                    Width="100"
                                    IsReadOnly="False">

                    <DataGridTextColumn.HeaderStyle>
                        <Style TargetType="{x:Type DataGridColumnHeader}">
                            <Setter Property="Height" Value="20" />
                            <Setter Property="Background" Value="Pink" />
                            <Setter Property="Margin" Value="2,0,0,0" />
                        </Style>
                    </DataGridTextColumn.HeaderStyle>
                </DataGridTextColumn>

                <DataGridTextColumn Behaviors:DataGridHeader.StringFormat="{x:Static Member=this:TestData.TestStaticStringFormatValue}"
                                    Behaviors:DataGridHeader.PropertyPath="TestStringFormatValue"
                                    Width="2*"
                                    IsReadOnly="False">

                    <DataGridTextColumn.HeaderStyle>
                        <Style TargetType="{x:Type DataGridColumnHeader}">
                            <Setter Property="Height" Value="20" />
                            <Setter Property="Background" Value="CadetBlue" />
                            <Setter Property="Margin" Value="2,0,0,0" />
                        </Style>
                    </DataGridTextColumn.HeaderStyle>
                </DataGridTextColumn>

                <DataGridTextColumn Behaviors:DataGridHeader.PropertyPath="TestUsualHeaderValue"
                                    Width="1.5*" 
                                    IsReadOnly="False">

                    <DataGridTextColumn.HeaderStyle>
                        <Style TargetType="{x:Type DataGridColumnHeader}">
                            <Setter Property="Height" Value="20" />
                            <Setter Property="Background" Value="Gainsboro" />
                            <Setter Property="Margin" Value="2,0,0,0" />
                        </Style>
                    </DataGridTextColumn.HeaderStyle>
                </DataGridTextColumn>

                <DataGridTemplateColumn Behaviors:DataGridHeader.PropertyPath="TestTemplateColumnValue"
                                        Width="150"
                                        IsReadOnly="False">

                    <DataGridTemplateColumn.HeaderStyle>
                        <Style TargetType="{x:Type DataGridColumnHeader}">
                            <Setter Property="Height" Value="20" />
                            <Setter Property="Background" Value="Beige" />
                            <Setter Property="Margin" Value="2,0,0,0" />
                        </Style>
                    </DataGridTemplateColumn.HeaderStyle>
                </DataGridTemplateColumn>
            </DataGrid.Columns>
        </DataGrid>

        <Button Name="ChangeHeader" 
                Width="100" 
                Height="30"
                VerticalAlignment="Bottom"
                Content="ChangeHeader" 
                Click="ChangeHeader_Click" />
    </Grid>
</Window>

<强> Code-behind

public partial class MainWindow : Window
{
    public MainWindow()
    {
        InitializeComponent();
    }        

    private void ChangeHeader_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
    {
        TestData data = this.DataContext as TestData;

        data.TestStringFormatValue = "777";
        data.TestUsualHeaderValue = "DynamicUsualHeader";
        data.TestTemplateColumnValue = "DynamicTemplateColumn";
    }
}

public class TestData : NotificationObject
{
    #region TestStringFormatValue

    private string _testStringFormatValue = "1";

    public string TestStringFormatValue
    {
        get
        {
            return _testStringFormatValue;
        }

        set
        {
            _testStringFormatValue = value;
            NotifyPropertyChanged("TestStringFormatValue");
        }
    }

    #endregion

    #region TestStaticStringFormatValue

    public static string TestStaticStringFormatValue = "Static StringFormat: {0}$";

    #endregion

    #region TestUsualHeaderValue

    private string _testUsualHeaderValue = "UsualHeader";

    public string TestUsualHeaderValue
    {
        get
        {
            return _testUsualHeaderValue;
        }

        set
        {
            _testUsualHeaderValue = value;
            NotifyPropertyChanged("TestUsualHeaderValue");
        }
    }

    #endregion

    #region TestTemplateColumnValue

    private string _testTemplateColumnValue = "TemplateColumn";

    public string TestTemplateColumnValue
    {
        get
        {
            return _testTemplateColumnValue;
        }

        set
        {
            _testTemplateColumnValue = value;
            NotifyPropertyChanged("TestTemplateColumnValue");
        }
    }

    #endregion
}

答案 4 :(得分:1)

更好的解决方案是在标题的样式中设置绑定,并将列作为标题的dataContext传递...(或者甚至更好:设置表示标题的dataContext并传递它的对象)

在那里找到一种方法:

How to set the DataContext on a DataGrid Column Header

答案 5 :(得分:1)

我知道这篇文章很老,但是当我查找如何做到这一点时,这是第一个出现的文章。我不喜欢这个答案,因为它看起来有点矫枉过正。在进行了更多搜索之后,我使用模板列了解了如何在标记中执行此操作link

<DataGridTemplateColumn>
    <DataGridTemplateColumn.HeaderTemplate>
        <DataTemplate>
            **<TextBlock Text="{Binding DataContext.HeaderTitle, RelativeSource={RelativeSource AncestorType={x:Type DataGrid}}}" />**
        </DataTemplate>
    </DataGridTemplateColumn.HeaderTemplate>
    <DataGridTemplateColumn.CellTemplate>
        <DataTemplate>
            <TextBlock Text="{Binding}" Width="200" />
        </DataTemplate>
    </DataGridTemplateColumn.CellTemplate>
</DataGridTemplateColumn>

答案 6 :(得分:1)

@mmichtch的回答对我很有用,你只需要创建一个本地命名空间(xmlns),它包含对你的项目的引用,如下所示:

xmlns:local="clr-namespace:your_project_name"

并且不要忘记提及要绑定的属性:

                <DataGridTextColumn Width="Auto">
                <DataGridTextColumn.Header>
                    <TextBlock Text="{Binding DataContext.PropertyNameYouWantToBind, 
                                          RelativeSource={RelativeSource AncestorType={x:Type local:MainWindow}}}"/>
                </DataGridTextColumn.Header>
            </DataGridTextColumn>

适用于VS 2010和.net版本4。

答案 7 :(得分:0)

我用它来填充DataGrid列标题。

Trick处于绑定模式。它的“模式”需要设置为“OneWay”。否则就没有好处。

例如:

<DataGridTextColumn Binding="{Binding RowData}" Header="{Binding Mode=OneWay, Source={StaticResource spy},Path=DataContext.HeaderText,  FallbackValue= header text}"/>

我使用了小写的回退值,并且DataContext中的值被大写以确保资源不为null。此外,DataContext的值仅在运行时显示给我,在设计时它显示了回退值。希望这会有所帮助。

答案 8 :(得分:0)

我通过使用HeaderTemplate并使用DataContext绑定到DataGrid的{​​{1}}来解决了这个问题。

RelativeSource

<DataGrid ItemsSource="{Binding Items}"> <DataGrid.Columns> <DataGridTextColumn Binding="{Binding Value1}"> <DataGridTextColumn.HeaderTemplate> <DataTemplate> <TextBlock Text="{Binding DataContext.ColumnTitel1, RelativeSource={RelativeSource AncestorType={x:Type DataGrid}}}"/> </DataTemplate> </DataGridTextColumn.HeaderTemplate> </DataGridTextColumn> </DataGrid.Columns> </DataGrid> 属性中的相同绑定无法解决。

相关问题