我正在.Net中编写一个Windows窗体应用程序，列出第三方CAD / CAM软件的所有正在运行的实例（在本例中为CATIA），并让用户选择其中一个来执行几个自动化任务。为了执行自动化任务，我需要获取COM对象的特定实例 - 与Getobject（）相比，它提供了一个非特定的COM实例。有没有办法使用窗口句柄或任何其他方法获取特定的COM实例？
更新： 正如Raymond所说，所有COM对象都没有单一的解决方案;但是我设法使用以下代码获取CATIA COM对象（使用ROT填充包含所有CATIA COM实例名称的列表）：
<DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet:=CharSet.Auto)> Private Shared Sub GetClassName(ByVal hWnd As System.IntPtr, ByVal lpClassName As System.Text.StringBuilder, ByVal nMaxCount As Integer) End Sub
<DllImport("ole32.dll", ExactSpelling:=True, PreserveSig:=False)> Private Shared Function GetRunningObjectTable(ByVal reserved As Int32) As IRunningObjectTable End Function
<DllImport("ole32.dll", CharSet:=CharSet.Unicode, ExactSpelling:=True, PreserveSig:=False)> Private Shared Function CreateItemMoniker(ByVal lpszDelim As String, ByVal lpszItem As String) As IMoniker End Function
<DllImport("ole32.dll", ExactSpelling:=True, PreserveSig:=False)> Private Shared Function CreateBindCtx(ByVal reserved As Integer) As IBindCtx End Function
Try
Dim ROTObject As Object = Nothing
Dim runningObjectTable As IRunningObjectTable
Dim monikerEnumerator As IEnumMoniker = Nothing
Dim monikers(1) As IMoniker
runningObjectTable = GetRunningObjectTable(0)
runningObjectTable.EnumRunning(monikerEnumerator)
monikerEnumerator.Reset()
Dim numFetched As IntPtr = New IntPtr()
While (monikerEnumerator.Next(1, monikers, numFetched) = 0)
Dim ctx As IBindCtx
ctx = CreateBindCtx(0)
Dim runningObjectName As String = ""
monikers(0).GetDisplayName(ctx, Nothing, runningObjectName)
runningObjectName = runningObjectName.ToUpper
If (Not runningObjectName.Equals("")) Then
Dim runningObjectIns As Object = Nothing
runningObjectTable.GetObject(monikers(0), runningObjectIns)
'Check if object is a Catia object
Try
Dim catiaIns As INFITF.Application = Nothing
catiaIns = DirectCast(runningObjectIns, INFITF.Application)
ListCATIA.Items.Add(catiaIns.Windows.Count)
Catch Exc As Exception
MessageBox.Show(Exc.ToString())
End Try
End If
End While
Catch Exc As Exception
Throw Exc
End Try
但是，所有CATIA实例都引用加载的第一个CATIA应用程序。不知道为什么，任何人？
答案 0 :(得分：3)
＆＃34;问题＆＃34;在您的代码中，调用GetObject 始终返回它在运行对象表（ROT）中找到的第一个活动服务器。枚举ROT并不会改变这种行为并且有点令人沮丧，因为它确实表明ROT中有多个服务器。请注意，枚举中返回的某些项可能实际上并未运行：GetObject返回第一个活动服务器 - 不一定是枚举返回的第一个。
但是，特别是在CATIA的情况下， 可以获得特定的实例。我怀疑许多应用程序是否可以使用特定的感兴趣的实例来按需运行某些代码 之前实际获得指向COM实例的指针。
对于CATIA，这是我使用过程的大致概述：
1. Make a dll with two functions:
HRESULT __stdcall CoMarshalToFile(IUnknown* punk, const char* const filePath)
/* uses `::CreateStreamOnHGlobal`, `::CoMarshalInterface`, `::CoGetMarshalSizeMax`,
and `::GetHGlobalFromStream` to marshal the IUnknown to the specified file.
*/
HRESULT __stdcall CoMarshalFromFile(IUnknown** ppunk, const char* const filePath)
/* uses `::CreateStreamOnHGlobal` and `::CoUnmarshalInterface` to marshal
from the file to an IUnknown pointer.
*/
2. In CATIA:
Note: this only needs to be done on the development computer.
Make a new "VBA projects" macro library.
Add "declare" statements for:
"LoadLibrary" (Windows API)
"CoMarshalToFile" (DLL specified above)
Add a function
Public Function MarshalCatiaToFile _
(marshalInstanceFilePath As String, _
marshalDllFolder As String) As Long
MarshalCatiaToFile calls "LoadLibrary" to load the C++ DLL
and then calls CoMarshalToFile (in DLL) to marshal the CATIA instance
to a file.
Remove the macro library from CATIA's list of macro libraries.
3. Create a file:
"C:\Temp\CatiaOnTheFlyCatScripts\OnTheFlyCatScript.catvbs"
The file can be empty.
4. In CATIA:
Note: this must be done for *each* user of CATIA on *each* computer used.
It may be possible to make this available to all users without individual
setup required: it is saved in "FrameUserAliases.CATSettings"
It may also be possible to reverse engineer the settings file and set up
the needed data from outside CATIA.
Add "C:\Temp\CatiaOnTheFlyCatScripts\" as a new "Directories" macro library.
Make the added library "current"
Use "Tools --> Customize --> Commands --> Macros" to assign a
"User Alias:" to the "OnTheFlyCatScript.catvbs" script file.
Name the alias "ExecuteOnTheFlyCatScript".
Remove the macro library from CATIA's list of macro libraries.
Close CATIA at this point to force the changes to be saved.
5. VB.net / C# program:
Add the DLL (from step 1) and the CatVBA macro library (from step 2) as
"Embedded Resource" to the project.
During program execution:
Extract the DLL and macro library to an appropriate location.
Load the DLL into session using "LoadLibrary".
Create the file:
"C:\Temp\CatiaOnTheFlyCatScripts\OnTheFlyCatScript.catvbs"
The "OnTheFlyCatScript.catvbs" will be executed in CATIA. It
uses CATIA.SystemService.ExecuteScript to execute the
"MarshalCatiaToFile" function in the CatVBA macro library.
Add method of choice to this file to indicate success/failure.
I use a dialog box with the appropriate title.
To execute the "OnTheFlyCatScript.catvbs":
Using the Windows API functions, get the window handle for the
"Power Input" box at the bottom right of the "desired"
CATIA window.
Using the Windows API functions (*NOT* "SendKeys") send
"c:ExecuteOnTheFlyCatScript" + {Enter} to the "Power Input".
Wait for the "completion" signal from the script. If you used
a dialog box, use the Windows API function to close it.
Assuming the script succeeded in marshaling the CATIA instance to
a file, call the DLL function CoMarshalFromFile to get the CATIA
instance.
与许多人一起工作很多＆＃34;移动＆＃34;部分，但它确实允许您自动化多个CATIA会话＆＃34;同时＆＃34;。适用于我的目的：从一组CATIA模型中自动提取数据，并一次使用多个CATIA会话自动创建一组CATIA模型。我的应用程序的瓶颈是单独的CATIA会话 - 而不是CPU资源（每个处理器机器使用双处理器4或6核心）;添加更多会话可提高吞吐量。
答案 1 :(得分：0)
Raymond Chen在对该问题的评论中回答了这个问题。
答案 2 :(得分：0)
通过COM接口无法实现。 This problem is permanent restriction in Catia