如何将外键添加到现有表?

时间:2013-07-15 17:13:53

标签: mysql sql database foreign-keys

我正在尝试将Category_Name作为外键添加到ITEM表中。 Category_Name存在于CATEGORY表中,这就是我得到的:

mysql> use acmeonline;
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+----------------------+
| Tables_in_acmeonline |
+----------------------+
| category             |
| item                 |
+----------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> describe item;
+-------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field       | Type         | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Item_Number | int(11)      | NO   | PRI | 0       |       |
| Item_Name   | varchar(35)  | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| Model_Num   | varchar(15)  | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| Description | varchar(255) | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| Price       | double(8,2)  | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
+-------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
5 rows in set (0.07 sec)

mysql> describe category;
+------------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field            | Type        | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+------------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Category_Name    | varchar(35) | NO   | PRI |         |       |
| ShippingPerPound | double(4,2) | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| DiscountAllowed  | char(1)     | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
+------------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
3 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> ALTER TABLE item
 -> ADD CONSTRAINT fk_category_name
 -> FOREIGN KEY(Category_Name)
 -> REFERENCES Category(Category_Name);
ERROR 1072 (42000): Key column 'Category_Name' doesn't exist in table

我该如何解决这个问题?请耐心等待我,因为我确实看过一些有关如何做的网站,但我得到的结果相同。

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:3)

您需要在ITEM TABLE上添加CATEGORY_NAME列,或将外键映射到ITEM中的另一个现有列。

或者:

ALTER TABLE ITEM
ADD CATEGORY_NAME VARCHAR(35) NOT NULL;

ALTER TABLE ITEM
ADD CONSTRAINT FK_CATEGORY_NAME
FOREIGN KEY (CATEGORY_NAME)
REFERENCES CATEGORY (CATEGORY_NAME);

OR

ALTER TABLE ITEM
ADD CONSTRAINT FK_CATEGORY_NAME
FOREIGN KEY (SOME_OTHER_EXISTING_COLUMN)
REFERENCES CATEGORY (CATEGORY_NAME);

答案 1 :(得分:1)

您必须先将该列添加到单独的alter statement

alter table item add column category_name varchar(35);

外键约束只在表之间创建关系 - 它们也不会创建所涉及的列。