获取python应用程序内存使用情况

时间:2013-07-19 19:59:36

标签: python windows memory-leaks profiling

我的主要目标是知道我的python应用程序在执行期间需要多少内存。

我在Windows-32和Windows-64上使用python 2.7.5。

我找到了一种方法来获取有关我的流程的一些信息:http://code.activestate.com/recipes/578513-get-memory-usage-of-windows-processes-using-getpro/

为方便起见,请将代码放在此处:

"""Functions for getting memory usage of Windows processes."""

__all__ = ['get_current_process', 'get_memory_info', 'get_memory_usage']

import ctypes
from ctypes import wintypes

GetCurrentProcess = ctypes.windll.kernel32.GetCurrentProcess
GetCurrentProcess.argtypes = []
GetCurrentProcess.restype = wintypes.HANDLE

SIZE_T = ctypes.c_size_t

class PROCESS_MEMORY_COUNTERS_EX(ctypes.Structure):
    _fields_ = [
        ('cb', wintypes.DWORD),
        ('PageFaultCount', wintypes.DWORD),
        ('PeakWorkingSetSize', SIZE_T),
        ('WorkingSetSize', SIZE_T),
        ('QuotaPeakPagedPoolUsage', SIZE_T),
        ('QuotaPagedPoolUsage', SIZE_T),
        ('QuotaPeakNonPagedPoolUsage', SIZE_T),
        ('QuotaNonPagedPoolUsage', SIZE_T),
        ('PagefileUsage', SIZE_T),
        ('PeakPagefileUsage', SIZE_T),
        ('PrivateUsage', SIZE_T),
    ]

GetProcessMemoryInfo = ctypes.windll.psapi.GetProcessMemoryInfo
GetProcessMemoryInfo.argtypes = [
    wintypes.HANDLE,
    ctypes.POINTER(PROCESS_MEMORY_COUNTERS_EX),
    wintypes.DWORD,
]
GetProcessMemoryInfo.restype = wintypes.BOOL

def get_current_process():
    """Return handle to current process."""
    return GetCurrentProcess()

def get_memory_info(process=None):
    """Return Win32 process memory counters structure as a dict."""
    if process is None:
        process = get_current_process()
    counters = PROCESS_MEMORY_COUNTERS_EX()
    ret = GetProcessMemoryInfo(process, ctypes.byref(counters),
                               ctypes.sizeof(counters))
    if not ret:
        raise ctypes.WinError()
    info = dict((name, getattr(counters, name))
                for name, _ in counters._fields_)
    return info

def get_memory_usage(process=None):
    """Return this process's memory usage in bytes."""
    info = get_memory_info(process=process)
    return info['PrivateUsage']

if __name__ == '__main__':
    import pprint
    pprint.pprint(get_memory_info())

这就是结果:

{'PageFaultCount': 1942L,
 'PagefileUsage': 4624384L,
 'PeakPagefileUsage': 4624384L,
 'PeakWorkingSetSize': 7544832L,
 'PrivateUsage': 4624384L,
 'QuotaNonPagedPoolUsage': 8520L,
 'QuotaPagedPoolUsage': 117848L,
 'QuotaPeakNonPagedPoolUsage': 8776L,
 'QuotaPeakPagedPoolUsage': 117984L,
 'WorkingSetSize': 7544832L,
 'cb': 44L}

但这并不能让我满意。这些结果给了我整个python进程信息,而我需要的只是我在Python框架之上运行的特定应用程序。

我在互联网上看到了几个内存分析器,也在Stack Overflow中看到了它们,但它们对我来说太大了。我需要的唯一信息是我的应用程序自身消耗多少内存 - 而不考虑所有Python框架。

我怎样才能做到这一点?

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:0)

这是我用来查找执行另一个脚本期间使用的最大资源量的脚本。我正在使用psutil来实现这一目标。您可以调整脚本以使其适合您的目的。

import psutil, sys
import numpy as np
from time import sleep
pid = int(sys.argv[1])
delay = int(sys.argv[2])
p = psutil.Process(pid)
max_resources_used = -1
while p.is_running():
    ## p.memory_info()[0] returns 'rss' in Unix
    r = int(p.memory_info()[0] / 1048576.0)  ## resources used in Mega Bytes
    max_resources_used = r if r > max_resources_used else max_resources_used
    sleep(delay)
print("Maximum resources used: %s MB." %np.max(max_resources_used))

用法:

python script.py pid delay_in_seconds

例如:

python script.py  55356  2 

说明:

您需要找出进程ID并将其作为参数传递给脚本,再加上检查资源使用情况的时间间隔(以秒为单位)(即脚本每隔多少秒检查一次使用的资源)。该脚本会跟踪内存使用情况,直到进程运行。最后,它返回以MB为单位的最大内存量。

答案 1 :(得分:0)

这是一种简单易用的pythonic方式,基于(os,psutil)模块。感谢(Dataman)和(RichieHindle)的答案。

import os
import psutil


## - Get Process Id of This Running Script -
proc_id = os.getpid()

print '\nProcess ID: ', proc_id


#--------------------------------------------------
## - Get More Info Using the Process Id

ObjInf = psutil.Process(proc_id)

print '\nProcess %s Info:' % proc_id, ObjInf

#--------------------------------------------------
## - Proccess Name of this program 

name = ObjInf.name()

print '\nThis Program Process name:', name

#--------------------------------------------------
## - Print CPU Percentage

CpuPerc = ObjInf.cpu_percent()

print '\nCpu Percentage:', CpuPerc


#---------------------------------------------------
## - Print Memory Usage

memory_inf = ObjInf.memory_full_info()

print '\nMemory Info:', memory_inf, '\n'



## Print available commands you can do with the psutil obj

for c in dir(ObjInf):
    print c 

如果您的脚本是在python中创建的,那么您的脚本本身就是python,所以没有它就不能运行,因此如果您想查看python本身消耗多少内存,您还必须考虑python内存使用情况。只运行一个空的python脚本,你将从那里扣除,你的脚本将成为主要的资源消费者,这恰好是在python中创建的python。

现在,如果你想检查一个线程的内存使用情况,那么这个问题可能会有所帮助 - > Why does python thread consume so much memory?

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