Question

我可以使用XMLDeserialization将xml文档反序列化为对象。但是，由于XMLElement，我在尝试将对象序列化为xml文档时感到困惑！

任何想法都非常感谢！

编辑： 我知道可以使用XmlDocument或XDoc构建这个xml，但我必须使用现有的类来执行序列化。

public class StackOverflow
{
    const string XML = @"<?xml version=""1.0""?>
                    <DietPlan>
                            <Fruit>fig</Fruit>
                            <Fruit>Apple</Fruit>
                            <Fruit>Peach</Fruit>
                    </DietPlan>";

    [XmlRoot(ElementName = "DietPlan")]
    public class TestData
    {
        [XmlAnyElement]
        public List<XmlElement> Fruits { get; set; }
    }

    public static void Deserialize()
    {
        var ms = new MemoryStream(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(XML));
        var xs = new XmlSerializer(typeof(TestData));
        var obj = (TestData)xs.Deserialize(ms);

    }

    public static void Serialize()
    {
        var fruitList = new List<string> { "fig", "Apple", "Peach", };
        var testData = new TestData();

        //How to populate testData with fruitlist ? (Because it is a list of xmlElements!)

    }
}

Answer 1

如果无法修改现有类，并且您不想使用XMLDocument，XDocument等来显式生成XML，那么您可以使用以下两种主要技术：

创建一个伴侣类，它具有正确的XML属性和类型，您只使用它来进行序列化...这意味着您必须将原始类类型中的数据复制到新类中，然后序列化新课程
使用原始课程并使用虚拟XmlElements

XmlDocument

此示例显示了两种操作技术。

另请注意MemoryStream如何使用StreamWriter，以便XML以UTF-8的形式明确写出（encoding="UTF-8"会被放入）。

请参阅default encoding for XML is UTF-8 or UTF-16? ...了解您可能希望对XML进行编码的不同方法。

namespace ConsoleApplication1
{
    [XmlRoot(ElementName = "DietPlan")]
    public class TestData
    {
        [XmlAnyElement]
        public List<XmlElement> Fruits { get; set; }
    }

    [XmlRoot(ElementName = "DietPlan")]
    public class TestDataForSerialization
    {
        [XmlElement(ElementName = "Fruit")]
        public List<string> Fruits { get; set; }
    }

    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            const string XML = @"<?xml version=""1.0"" encoding=""UTF-8""?>
                    <DietPlan>
                            <Fruit>fig</Fruit>
                            <Fruit>Apple</Fruit>
                            <Fruit>Peach</Fruit>
                    </DietPlan>";

            var ms = new MemoryStream(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(XML));

            TestData testdata1 = DeserializeFromStream<TestData>(ms);
            TestDataForSerialization testdata2 = DeserializeFromStream<TestDataForSerialization>(ms);
            TestData testdata3 = new TestData()
            {
                Fruits = new List<XmlElement>
                {
                    GetFruitElement("fig"),
                    GetFruitElement("Apple"),
                    GetFruitElement("Peach")
                }
            };
            TestDataForSerialization testdata4 = new TestDataForSerialization()
            {
                Fruits = new List<string> { "fig", "Apple", "Peach" }
            };
            TestDataForSerialization testdata5 = Convert(testdata1);

            MemoryStream msserialized1 = SerializeToStream<TestData>(testdata1);
            MemoryStream msserialized2 = SerializeToStream<TestDataForSerialization>(testdata2);
            MemoryStream msserialized3 = SerializeToStream<TestData>(testdata3);
            MemoryStream msserialized4 = SerializeToStream<TestDataForSerialization>(testdata4);
            MemoryStream msserialized5 = SerializeToStream(testdata5);

            string xml1 = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(msserialized1.ToArray());
            string xml2 = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(msserialized2.ToArray());
            string xml3 = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(msserialized3.ToArray());
            string xml4 = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(msserialized4.ToArray());
            string xml5 = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(msserialized5.ToArray());

            TestData testdata_deserialized1 = DeserializeFromStream<TestData>(msserialized1);
            TestData testdata_deserialized2 = DeserializeFromStream<TestData>(msserialized2);
            TestData testdata_deserialized3 = DeserializeFromStream<TestData>(msserialized3);
            TestData testdata_deserialized4 = DeserializeFromStream<TestData>(msserialized4);
            TestData testdata_deserialized5 = DeserializeFromStream<TestData>(msserialized5);

            TestData testdata_deserialized6 = DeserializeFromString<TestData>(xml1);
            TestData testdata_deserialized7 = DeserializeFromString<TestData>(xml2);
            TestData testdata_deserialized8 = DeserializeFromString<TestData>(xml3);
            TestData testdata_deserialized9 = DeserializeFromString<TestData>(xml4);
            TestData testdata_deserialized10 = DeserializeFromString<TestData>(xml5);
        }

        public static XmlElement GetFruitElement(string fruit)
        {
            XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
            doc.LoadXml("<Fruit>" + fruit + "</Fruit>");
            return doc.DocumentElement;
        }

        public static TestDataForSerialization Convert(TestData testdata)
        {
            TestDataForSerialization testdata_toserialize = new TestDataForSerialization();
            List<string> fruits = new List<string>();
            foreach (XmlElement el in testdata.Fruits)
            {
                fruits.Add(el.InnerText);
            }
            testdata_toserialize.Fruits = fruits;

            return testdata_toserialize;
        }

        public static T DeserializeFromStream<T>(MemoryStream ms)
        {
            ms.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin);

            var xs = new XmlSerializer(typeof(T));
            var obj = (T)xs.Deserialize(ms);

            return obj;
        }

        public static T DeserializeFromString<T>(string xml)
        {
            var xs = new XmlSerializer(typeof(TestData));
            var sr = new StringReader(xml);
            var obj = (T)xs.Deserialize(sr);

            return obj;
        }

        public static MemoryStream SerializeToStream<T>(T testdata)
        {
            var ms = new MemoryStream();
            StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(ms); // you need to use one of these to get UTF8 output
            var xs = new XmlSerializer(typeof(T));
            xs.Serialize(sw, testdata);

            return ms;
        }
    }
}

能够反序列化xml文档但无法序列化到同一文档

1 个答案: