SpecFlow - 重试失败的测试

时间:2014-01-22 09:00:26

标签: testing hook specflow scenarios

在失败的情况下,有没有办法实现AfterScenario挂钩重新运行当前测试?

这样的事情:

[AfterScenario("retry")]
public void Retry()
{
    if (ScenarioContext.Current.TestError != null)
    {
     // ?     
    }
}

注意:我的项目中的测试在Ordered测试中合并,并通过 MsTest 执行。

4 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:6)

这个插件太棒了。 https://github.com/arrty/specflow-retry。我让它与nunit合作,他的例子是使用MS-Test

它允许你这样做:

@retry:2
Scenario: Tag on scenario is preferred
Then scenario should be run 3 times

答案 1 :(得分:1)

Specflow场景的目的是断言系统的行为符合预期。

如果某些时间问题导致测试失败,那么让测试重新运行并“希望获得最佳”并不能解决问题!偶尔测试失败不应该是预期的行为。测试应该在每次执行时给出一致的结果。

可以找到一篇关于什么是一个好的测试的好帖子here,该答案还说明测试应该是:

  

可重复:每次测试都应该产生相同的结果   时间。测试不应该依赖于无法控制的参数。

在这种情况下,测试失败是完全正确的。您现在应该调查为什么测试偶尔会失败。

大多数情况下,测试因时序问题而失败,例如页面加载期间不存在的元素。在这种情况下,给定一致的测试环境(即相同的测试数据库,相同的测试浏览器,相同的网络设置),然后您将能够编写可重复的测试。查看使用WebDriverWait的this答案,等待预定的时间来测试是否存在预期的DOM元素。

答案 2 :(得分:1)

让我首先说我同意测试应该稳定并且不应该重试。但是,我们并不生活在理想的世界中,在某些非常特殊的情况下,重试测试可能是有效的用例。

我正在运行UI测试(对一个有角度的应用程序使用硒),有时chromedriver由于不清楚的原因而无法响应。这种行为完全是我无法控制的,不存在有效的解决方案。我无法在SpecFlow步骤中重试此步骤,因为我有“给定”步骤登录到应用程序。当它在“ When”步骤中失败时,我也需要重新运行“ Given”步骤。在这种情况下,我想关闭驱动程序,再次启动它,然后重新运行所有先前的步骤。作为最后的手段,我为SpecFlow编写了一个自定义测试运行程序,可以从以下错误中恢复:

免责声明:这不是预期的用法,在任何版本的SpecFlow中都可能会中断。如果您是测试纯正者,请不要继续阅读。

首先,我们创建一个类,以轻松创建自定义ITestRunner(将所有方法都设置为虚拟方法,以便可以覆盖它们):

public class OverrideableTestRunner : ITestRunner
{
    private readonly ITestRunner _runner;

    public OverrideableTestRunner(ITestRunner runner)
    {
        _runner = runner;
    }

    public int ThreadId => _runner.ThreadId;

    public FeatureContext FeatureContext => _runner.FeatureContext;

    public ScenarioContext ScenarioContext => _runner.ScenarioContext;

    public virtual void And(string text, string multilineTextArg, Table tableArg, string keyword = null)
    {
        _runner.And(text, multilineTextArg, tableArg, keyword);
    }

    public virtual void But(string text, string multilineTextArg, Table tableArg, string keyword = null)
    {
        _runner.But(text, multilineTextArg, tableArg, keyword);
    }

    public virtual void CollectScenarioErrors()
    {
        _runner.CollectScenarioErrors();
    }

    public virtual void Given(string text, string multilineTextArg, Table tableArg, string keyword = null)
    {
        _runner.Given(text, multilineTextArg, tableArg, keyword);
    }

    public virtual void InitializeTestRunner(int threadId)
    {
        _runner.InitializeTestRunner(threadId);
    }

    public virtual void OnFeatureEnd()
    {
        _runner.OnFeatureEnd();
    }

    public virtual void OnFeatureStart(FeatureInfo featureInfo)
    {
        _runner.OnFeatureStart(featureInfo);
    }

    public virtual void OnScenarioEnd()
    {
        _runner.OnScenarioEnd();
    }

    public virtual void OnScenarioInitialize(ScenarioInfo scenarioInfo)
    {
        _runner.OnScenarioInitialize(scenarioInfo);
    }

    public virtual void OnScenarioStart()
    {
        _runner.OnScenarioStart();
    }

    public virtual void OnTestRunEnd()
    {
        _runner.OnTestRunEnd();
    }

    public virtual void OnTestRunStart()
    {
        _runner.OnTestRunStart();
    }

    public virtual void Pending()
    {
        _runner.Pending();
    }

    public virtual void SkipScenario()
    {
        _runner.SkipScenario();
    }

    public virtual void Then(string text, string multilineTextArg, Table tableArg, string keyword = null)
    {
        _runner.Then(text, multilineTextArg, tableArg, keyword);
    }

    public virtual void When(string text, string multilineTextArg, Table tableArg, string keyword = null)
    {
        _runner.When(text, multilineTextArg, tableArg, keyword);
    }
}

接下来,我们将创建自定义测试运行器,该运行器会记住针对场景的调用并可以重新运行之前的步骤:

public class RetryTestRunner : OverrideableTestRunner
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Which exceptions to handle (default: all)
    /// </summary>
    public Predicate<Exception> HandleExceptionFilter { private get; set; } = _ => true;

    /// <summary>
    /// The action that is executed to recover
    /// </summary>
    public Action RecoverAction { private get; set; } = () => { };

    /// <summary>
    /// The maximum number of retries
    /// </summary>
    public int MaxRetries { private get; set; } = 10;

    /// <summary>
    /// The executed actions for this scenario, these need to be replayed in the case of an error
    /// </summary>
    private readonly List<(MethodInfo method, object[] args)> _previousSteps = new List<(MethodInfo method, object[] args)>();

    /// <summary>
    /// The number of the current try (to make sure we don't go over the specified limit)
    /// </summary>
    private int _currentTryNumber = 0;

    public NonSuckingTestRunner(ITestExecutionEngine engine) : base(new TestRunner(engine))
    {
    }

    public override void OnScenarioStart()
    {
        base.OnScenarioStart();

        _previousSteps.Clear();
        _currentTryNumber = 0;
    }

    public override void Given(string text, string multilineTextArg, Table tableArg, string keyword = null)
    {
        base.Given(text, multilineTextArg, tableArg, keyword);
        Checker()(text, multilineTextArg, tableArg, keyword);
    }

    public override void But(string text, string multilineTextArg, Table tableArg, string keyword = null)
    {
        base.But(text, multilineTextArg, tableArg, keyword);
        Checker()(text, multilineTextArg, tableArg, keyword);
    }

    public override void And(string text, string multilineTextArg, Table tableArg, string keyword = null)
    {
        base.And(text, multilineTextArg, tableArg, keyword);
        Checker()(text, multilineTextArg, tableArg, keyword);
    }

    public override void Then(string text, string multilineTextArg, Table tableArg, string keyword = null)
    {
        base.Then(text, multilineTextArg, tableArg, keyword);
        Checker()(text, multilineTextArg, tableArg, keyword);
    }

    public override void When(string text, string multilineTextArg, Table tableArg, string keyword = null)
    {
        base.When(text, multilineTextArg, tableArg, keyword);
        Checker()(text, multilineTextArg, tableArg, keyword);
    }

    // Use this delegate combination to make a params call possible
    // It is not possible to use a params argument and the CallerMemberName
    // in one method, so we curry the method to make it possible. #functionalprogramming
    public delegate void ParamsFunc(params object[] args);

    private ParamsFunc Checker([CallerMemberName] string method = null)
    {
        return args =>
        {
            // Record the previous step
            _previousSteps.Add((GetType().GetMethod(method), args));

            // Determine if we should retry
            if (ScenarioContext.ScenarioExecutionStatus != ScenarioExecutionStatus.TestError || !HandleExceptionFilter(ScenarioContext.TestError) || _currentTryNumber >= MaxRetries)
            {
                return;
            }

            // HACKY: Reset the test state to a non-error state
            typeof(ScenarioContext).GetProperty(nameof(ScenarioContext.ScenarioExecutionStatus)).SetValue(ScenarioContext, ScenarioExecutionStatus.OK);
            typeof(ScenarioContext).GetProperty(nameof(ScenarioContext.TestError)).SetValue(ScenarioContext, null);

            // Trigger the recovery action
            RecoverAction.Invoke();

            // Retry the steps
            _currentTryNumber++;
            var stepsToPlay = _previousSteps.ToList();
            _previousSteps.Clear();
            stepsToPlay.ForEach(s => s.method.Invoke(this, s.args));
        };
    }
}

接下来,将SpecFlow配置为使用我们自己的testrunner(也可以作为插件添加)。

 /// <summary>
/// We need this because this is the only way to configure specflow before it starts
/// </summary>
[TestClass]
public class CustomDependencyProvider : DefaultDependencyProvider
{
    [AssemblyInitialize]
    public static void AssemblyInitialize(TestContext testContext)
    {
        // Override the dependency provider of specflow
        ContainerBuilder.DefaultDependencyProvider = new CustomDependencyProvider();
        TestRunnerManager.OnTestRunStart(typeof(CustomDependencyProvider).Assembly);
    }

    [AssemblyCleanup]
    public static void AssemblyCleanup()
    {
        TestRunnerManager.OnTestRunEnd(typeof(CustomDependencyProvider).Assembly);
    }

    public override void RegisterTestThreadContainerDefaults(ObjectContainer testThreadContainer)
    {
        base.RegisterTestThreadContainerDefaults(testThreadContainer);

        // Use our own testrunner
        testThreadContainer.RegisterTypeAs<NonSuckingTestRunner, ITestRunner>();
    }
}

另外,将其添加到您的.csproj:

<PropertyGroup>
  <GenerateSpecFlowAssemblyHooksFile>false</GenerateSpecFlowAssemblyHooksFile>
</PropertyGroup>

现在我们可以使用testrunner从错误中恢复

[Binding]
public class TestInitialize
{
    private readonly RetryTestRunner _testRunner;

    public TestInitialize(ITestRunner testRunner)
    {
        _testRunner = testRunner as RetryTestRunner;
    }

    [BeforeScenario()]
    public void TestInit()
    {
        _testRunner.RecoverAction = () =>
        {
            StopDriver();
            StartDriver();
        };

        _testRunner.HandleExceptionFilter = ex => ex is WebDriverException;
    }
}

要在AfterScenario步骤中使用此方法,可以将RetryScenario()方法添加到testrunner并调用它。

作为最后的提示:当您无能为力时,请使用此作为最后的手段。运行不稳定的测试比根本不进行测试要好。

答案 3 :(得分:0)

我希望能够重试失败的测试,但仍将其报告为测试结果失败。这样一来,我就可以轻松地确定代码可以工作的场景,但是由于网络延迟等原因,也容易出现零星的问题。由于代码更改,这些故障的优先级将不同于新的故障。

由于您可以创建一个继承自TestMethodAttribute的类,因此我设法使用MsTest做到了这一点。

首先,我将本节添加到csproj文件的底部,以在生成* .feature.cs文件之后但在实际构建之前调用自定义的powershell脚本:

<Target Name="OverrideTestMethodAttribute" BeforeTargets="PrepareForBuild">
    <Message Text="Calling OverrideTestMethodAttribute.ps1" Importance="high" />
    <Exec Command="powershell -Command &quot;$(ProjectDir)OverrideTestMethodAttribute.ps1&quot;" />
</Target>

然后,OverrideTestMethodAttribute.ps1 powershell脚本执行查找/替换,以将所有TestMethodAttribute引用更改为我的IntegrationTestMethodAttribute。脚本内容为:

Write-Host "Running OverrideTestMethodAttribute.ps1"

$mask = "$PSScriptRoot\Features\*.feature.cs"
$codeBehindFiles = Get-ChildItem $mask
Write-Host "Found $($codeBehindFiles.Count) feature code-behind files in $mask"
foreach ($file in $codeBehindFiles)
{
    Write-Host "Working on feature code-behind file: $($file.PSPath)"
    $oldContent = Get-Content $file.PSPath
    $newContent = $oldContent.Replace(`
        '[Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting.TestMethodAttribute()]', `
        '[MyCompany.MyProduct.IntegrationTestMethodAttribute()]')

    Set-Content -Path $file.PSPath -Value $newContent
}

和执行实际重试的IntegrationTestMethodAttribute类:

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;

namespace MyCompany.MyProduct
{
    public class IntegrationTestMethodAttribute : TestMethodAttribute
    {
        public override TestResult[] Execute(ITestMethod testMethod)
        {
            TestResult[] testResults = null;
            var failedAttempts = new List<TestResult>();

            int maxAttempts = 5;
            for (int i = 0; i < maxAttempts; i++)
            {
                testResults = base.Execute(testMethod);
                Exception ex = testResults[0].TestFailureException;
                if (ex == null)
                {
                    break;
                }
                failedAttempts.AddRange(testResults);
            }

            if (failedAttempts.Any() && failedAttempts.Count != maxAttempts)
            {
                TestResult testResult = testResults[0];

                var messages = new StringBuilder();
                for (var i = 0; i < failedAttempts.Count; i++)
                {
                    var result = failedAttempts[i];
                    messages.AppendLine("");
                    messages.AppendLine("");
                    messages.AppendLine("");
                    messages.AppendLine($"Failure #{i + 1}:");
                    messages.AppendLine(result.TestFailureException.ToString());
                    messages.AppendLine("");
                    messages.AppendLine(result.TestContextMessages);
                }

                testResult.Outcome = UnitTestOutcome.Error;
                testResult.TestFailureException = new Exception($"Test failed {failedAttempts.Count} time(s), then succeeded");
                testResult.TestContextMessages = messages.ToString();
                testResult.LogError = "";
                testResult.DebugTrace = "";
                testResult.LogOutput = "";
            }
            return testResults;
        }
    }
}