使用python中的正则表达式使用括​​号拆分字符串

Question

假设我有一个像str = "[Hi all], [this is] [an example] "这样的字符串。我想将它分成几个部分，每个部分包含一对括号内的内容。换句话说，我想抓住每对支架内的短语。结果应该是：

['Hi all', 'this is', 'an example']

如何使用Python中的正则表达式实现此目标？

Answer 1

data = "[Hi all], [this is] [an example] "
import re
print re.findall("\[(.*?)\]", data)    # ['Hi all', 'this is', 'an example']

Debuggex Demo

Answer 2

试试这个：

import re
str = "[Hi all], [this is] [an example] "
contents = re.findall('\[(.*?)\]', str)

Answer 3

我已经遇到过几次这个问题-除非您有方括号，否则正则表达式将起作用。在您可能有嵌套方括号的更一般的情况下，以下方法将起作用：

def bracketed_split(string, delimiter, strip_brackets=False):
    """ Split a string by the delimiter unless it is inside brackets.
    e.g.
        list(bracketed_split('abc,(def,ghi),jkl', delimiter=',')) == ['abc', '(def,ghi)', 'jkl']
    """

    openers = '[{(<'
    closers = ']})>'
    opener_to_closer = dict(zip(openers, closers))
    opening_bracket = dict()
    current_string = ''
    depth = 0
    for c in string:
        if c in openers:
            depth += 1
            opening_bracket[depth] = c
            if strip_brackets and depth == 1:
                continue
        elif c in closers:
            assert depth > 0, f"You exited more brackets that we have entered in string {string}"
            assert c == opener_to_closer[opening_bracket[depth]], f"Closing bracket {c} did not match opening bracket {opening_bracket[depth]} in string {string}"
            depth -= 1
            if strip_brackets and depth == 0:
                continue
        if depth == 0 and c == delimiter:
            yield current_string
            current_string = ''
        else:
            current_string += c
    assert depth == 0, f'You did not close all brackets in string {string}'
    yield current_string

>>> list(bracketed_split("[Hi all], [this is] [an example]", delimiter=' '))
['[Hi all],', '[this is]', '[an example]']

>>> list(bracketed_split("[Hi all], [this is] [a [nested] example]", delimiter=' '))
['[Hi all],', '[this is]', '[a [nested] example]']