需要帮助理解Java中的变量范围

时间:2014-02-12 05:12:13

标签: java arrays class loops scope

我正在为学校做一个小程序,它读取数据文件并在控制台中输出结果。我在弄清楚为什么在完成一个while循环之后我的对象数组没有继续存在时遇到了问题。这是代码:

import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;

public class order{
    private static Node nodes[];

    public static void main(String[] args) throws FileNotFoundException {
        String dataFile = "file.dat";
        indegreeCompute(dataFile);
    }

    private static void indegreeCompute(String dataFile) throws FileNotFoundException {
        Scanner scanFile = new Scanner(new File(dataFile));
        nodes = new Node[scanFile.nextInt()];
        while (scanFile.hasNextLine()) {
            scanFile.nextLine();
            int index = scanFile.nextInt();
            System.out.print("node = " + index);
            scanFile.next();
            int NumOutDegree = scanFile.nextInt();
            nodes[index].outDegree = NumOutDegree;
            System.out.print(" outDegree = " + nodes[index].outDegree);
            nodes[index].adjNodes = new int[NumOutDegree];
            scanFile.next();
            System.out.print(" adjNodes = [");
            for ( int i = 0; i < nodes[index].outDegree; i ++ ) {
                nodes[index].adjNodes[i] = scanFile.nextInt();
                if (i < nodes[index].outDegree - 1)
                    System.out.print(nodes[index].adjNodes[i] + ", ");
                else
                    System.out.print(nodes[index].adjNodes[i]);
            }
            System.out.print("]");
            System.out.println();
        }

        for (int i = 0; i < nodes.length; i ++) {
            int outDegree = nodes[i].outDegree;
            for(int k = 0; k < outDegree; k ++) {
                int adjNode = nodes[i].adjNodes[k];
                nodes[adjNode].inDegree ++;
            }
        }
        scanFile.close();
    }
}

我特别遇到问题的部分是for循环的最后一部分。我正在尝试使用我在while循环中创建的数组中的信息,但是当我调试时,它显示的节点数组的值不正确。

辅助类就是这样:

public class Node {
    public static int inDegree, outDegree, adjNodes[];
}

任何有助于我理解的帮助或解释都将不胜感激。谢谢!

这是文件的内容:

14 //numNodes; space after '(' and before ')' to simplify reading the file
 0 (  1 ): 10 //node ( outdegree ): adjNodes in arbitrary order
 1 ( 10 ):  0  5  8 10  6  9  7 11 12 13
 2 (  1 ):  7
 3 (  3 ):  1  10 11
 4 (  3 ):  0  1  5
 5 (  3 ):  6  7  10
 6 (  2 ):  7 10
 7 (  5 ):  8 10  12 11 13
 8 (  1 ): 13
 9 (  1 ):  0
10 (  0 ):
11 (  0 ):
12 (  2 ): 10 11
13 (  1 ): 12

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

以下应该适合你。

    public class Node {
     //public static  int inDegree, outDegree, adjNodes[]; // static was causing the problem
     public int inDegree, outDegree, adjNodes[];
    }


public class order{
    private static Node nodes[];

    public static void main(String[] args) throws FileNotFoundException {
        String dataFile = "file.dat";
        indegreeCompute(dataFile);
    }

    private static void indegreeCompute(String dataFile) throws FileNotFoundException {
        Scanner scanFile = new Scanner(new File(dataFile));
        nodes = new Node[scanFile.nextInt()];
        for(int l= 0 ; l <nodes.length ; l++) {
            nodes[l] = new Node();
        }
        while (scanFile.hasNextLine()) {
            scanFile.nextLine();
            int index = scanFile.nextInt();
            System.out.print("node = " + index);
            scanFile.next();
            int NumOutDegree = scanFile.nextInt();
            nodes[index].outDegree = NumOutDegree;
            System.out.print(" outDegree = " + nodes[index].outDegree);
            nodes[index].adjNodes = new int[NumOutDegree];
            scanFile.next();
            System.out.print(" adjNodes = [");
            for ( int i = 0; i < nodes[index].outDegree; i ++ ) {
                nodes[index].adjNodes[i] = scanFile.nextInt();
                if (i < nodes[index].outDegree - 1)
                    System.out.print(nodes[index].adjNodes[i] + ", ");
                else
                    System.out.print(nodes[index].adjNodes[i]);
            }
            System.out.print("]");
            System.out.println();
        }

        for (int i = 0; i < nodes.length; i ++) {
            int outDegree = nodes[i].outDegree;
            for(int k = 0; k < outDegree; k ++) {
                int adjNode = nodes[i].adjNodes[k];
                nodes[adjNode].inDegree ++;
            }
        }
        scanFile.close();
    }
}

问题在于辅助类中静态变量的使用。 您在那里使用了导致问题的班级成员。我已将它们更改为对象范围以理解类范围,请阅读以下Class Members

答案 1 :(得分:0)

在为nodes [index]的属性赋值之前,你应该设置nodes [index] = new Node()。并且Node类的属性不应该是静态的,因为每个节点都应该有自己的值。

因为除非为其设置值,否则节点数组中的每个元素都将为null。在您的代码中,当您将值设置为nodes [index] .outDegree时,您实际上正在设置Node.outDegree的值,并且nodes [index]仍为null。所以最后,你得到一个满是null的数组。

总之,这里有两个错误。错误地使用静态关键字并忘记在使用之前初始化对象数组项。