优化连接查询

时间:2014-02-14 12:42:35

标签: mysql sql

我遇到以下问题时遇到麻烦,添加ORDER BY kp_votes DESC, kp_rating DESC后变得非常慢,事情是我为这些列编制了索引。

explain SELECT * 
          FROM post 
          JOIN post_plus 
          ON post_plus.news_id = post.id 
         WHERE category regexp '[[:<:]](131|138|139|140|141|142|143|144|145|146|147|148|149|150|151|152|153|154|155|156|157|171|172|134|136|137|23|123)[[:>:]]' 
           AND approve=1 
           AND allow_main=1 
      ORDER BY kp_votes DESC, 
               kp_rating DESC LIMIT 30;
+----+-------------+---------------+------+--------------------------------------+------------+---------+--------------------+-------+----------------------------------------------+
| id | select_type | table         | type | possible_keys                        | key        | key_len | ref                | rows  | Extra                                        |
+----+-------------+---------------+------+--------------------------------------+------------+---------+--------------------+-------+----------------------------------------------+
|  1 | SIMPLE      | post          | ref  | PRIMARY,allow_main,approve,approve_2 | allow_main | 1       | const              | 12273 | Using where; Using temporary; Using filesort |
|  1 | SIMPLE      | post_plus     | ref  | news_id                              | news_id    | 5       | online.post.id     |     1 | NULL                                         |
+----+-------------+---------------+------+--------------------------------------+------------+---------+--------------------+-------+----------------------------------------------+

显示来自post_plus的索引;

+-----------+------------+------------------+--------------+------------------+-----------+-------------+----------+--------+------+------------+---------+---------------+
| Table     | Non_unique | Key_name         | Seq_in_index | Column_name      | Collation | Cardinality | Sub_part | Packed | Null | Index_type | Comment | Index_comment |
+-----------+------------+------------------+--------------+------------------+-----------+-------------+----------+--------+------+------------+---------+---------------+
| post_plus |          0 | PRIMARY          |            1 | pid              | A         |       32317 |     NULL | NULL   |      | BTREE      |         |               |
| post_plus |          1 | user_id          |            1 | user_id          | A         |          26 |     NULL | NULL   |      | BTREE      |         |               |
| post_plus |          1 | news_id          |            1 | news_id          | A         |       32317 |     NULL | NULL   | YES  | BTREE      |         |               |
| post_plus |          1 | kp_votes         |            1 | kp_votes         | A         |        4616 |     NULL | NULL   | YES  | BTREE      |         |               |
| post_plus |          1 | kp_rating        |            1 | kp_rating        | A         |        5386 |     NULL | NULL   | YES  | BTREE      |         |               |
| post_plus |          1 | kp_id            |            1 | kp_id            | A         |       16158 |     NULL | NULL   | YES  | BTREE      |         |               |
| post_plus |          1 | post_uuid        |            1 | post_uuid        | A         |       32317 |     NULL | NULL   | YES  | BTREE      |         |               |
| post_plus |          1 | blockedCountries |            1 | blockedCountries | A         |          10 |     NULL | NULL   | YES  | BTREE      |         |               |
| post_plus |          1 | kp_votes_2       |            1 | kp_votes         | A         |        5386 |     NULL | NULL   | YES  | BTREE      |         |               |
+---------------+------------+------------------+--------------+------------------+-----------+-------------+----------+--------+------+------------+---------+---------------+

另一个“订单”工作得很快...例如,如果我设置ORDER BY fixed desc, date DESC LIMIT 30它的执行速度提高了10倍。

描述帖子;

+------------------+-----------------------+------+-----+---------------------+----------------+
| Field            | Type                  | Null | Key | Default             | Extra          |
+------------------+-----------------------+------+-----+---------------------+----------------+
| id               | int(11)               | NO   | PRI | NULL                | auto_increment |
| autor            | varchar(40)           | NO   | MUL |                     |                |
| date             | datetime              | NO   | MUL | 0000-00-00 00:00:00 |                |
| full_story       | text                  | NO   | MUL | NULL                |                |
| xfields          | text                  | NO   |     | NULL                |                |
| title            | varchar(255)          | NO   | MUL |                     |                |
| descr            | varchar(200)          | NO   | MUL |                     |                |
| keywords         | text                  | NO   |     | NULL                |                |
| category         | varchar(200)          | NO   | MUL | 0                   |                |
| alt_name         | varchar(200)          | NO   | MUL |                     |                |
| comm_num         | mediumint(8) unsigned | NO   | MUL | 0                   |                |
| allow_comm       | tinyint(1)            | NO   |     | 1                   |                |
| allow_main       | tinyint(1) unsigned   | NO   | MUL | 1                   |                |
| approve          | tinyint(1)            | NO   | MUL | 0                   |                |
| fixed            | tinyint(1)            | NO   |     | 0                   |                |
| allow_br         | tinyint(1)            | NO   |     | 1                   |                |
| symbol           | varchar(3)            | NO   | MUL |                     |                |
| tags             | varchar(255)          | NO   | MUL |                     |                |
| metatitle        | varchar(255)          | NO   |     |                     |                |
| FileTempUUID     | varchar(11)           | YES  |     | NULL                |                |
| titleAlternative | varchar(255)          | YES  |     | NULL                |                |
+------------------+-----------------------+------+-----+---------------------+----------------+
21 rows in set (0.01 sec)

的MySQL&GT;描述post_plus;

+------------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field            | Type         | Null | Key | Default | Extra          |
+------------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| pid              | int(11)      | NO   | PRI | NULL    | auto_increment |
| news_id          | int(11)      | YES  | MUL | NULL    |                |
| kp_votes         | int(11)      | YES  | MUL | NULL    |                |
| kp_rating        | decimal(5,3) | YES  | MUL | NULL    |                |
| kp_id            | varchar(100) | YES  | MUL | NULL    |                |
| pdate            | datetime     | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
| news_read        | int(11)      | NO   |     | 0       |                |
| user_id          | int(11)      | NO   | MUL | 0       |                |
| allow_rate       | tinyint(1)   | NO   |     | 1       |                |
| rating           | mediumint(8) | NO   |     | 0       |                |
| vote_num         | mediumint(8) | NO   |     | 0       |                |
| votes            | tinyint(1)   | NO   |     | 0       |                |
| editdate         | int(11)      | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
| view_edit        | tinyint(1)   | NO   |     | 0       |                |
| editor           | varchar(40)  | NO   |     |         |                |
| reason           | varchar(255) | NO   |     |         |                |
| access           | varchar(150) | NO   |     |         |                |
| cover            | text         | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
| quality          | varchar(100) | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
| post_uuid        | varchar(11)  | YES  | MUL | NULL    |                |
| encoded          | int(1)       | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
| embed_views      | int(11)      | NO   |     | 0       |                |
| blockedCountries | varchar(128) | YES  | MUL | NULL    |                |
+------------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
25 rows in set (0.00 sec)

编辑*

我尝试添加:

on post (approve, allow_main, category) (depending on the cardinality it can be different order) and use category IN () because that can take advantage of good indexes while regexp can't.
on post_plus (news_id, kp_votes, kp_rating) (order matters here) that will help with the sorting
正如KárolyNagy所暗示的那样,但它并没有帮助。 mysql拒绝使用kp_votes和kp_rating索引。

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:0)

如果没有看到实际数据,我只能告诉以下内容:

结果集非常大,表缺少适当的索引。正如我所看到的,你有单列索引而不是更符合查询的复合索引。 news_id索引用于连接表,因此即使您在kp_ *列上有索引,也无法使用它们。

这里你需要的是两个compozite索引:

  1. on post(approve,allow_main,category)(取决于基数,它可以是不同的顺序)并使用类别IN(),因为这可以利用好的索引而regexp不能。
  2. 关于post_plus(news_id,kp_votes,kp_rating)(此处有关重要事项)将有助于排序
  3. ps:您可能需要帮助MySQL按顺序进行连接。添加索引后查看说明,如果看起来不太好,请尝试STRAIGHT_JOIN(http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/join.html

答案 1 :(得分:-1)

您可以使用

代替Regexp

WHERE category in(131,138,139,140,141,142,143,144,145,146,147,148,149,150,151,152,153,154,155,156,157,171,172,134,136,137,23,123)