从批处理文件获取命令行参数的短文件名

时间:2010-02-03 01:55:49

标签: batch-file filenames command-line-arguments substitution

批处理文件中的以下命令无法按预期/希望工作:

echo %~nxs1


以下是我想要获得的示例:

C:\>type test.bat
@dir /b %1
@echo %~nxs1

C:\>test "C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\ntuser.dat"
ntuser.dat
NTUSER.DAT

C:\>test "C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\ntuser.data"
ntuser.data
NTUSER~1.DA~

C:\>test "C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\ntuser.dat.baz"
ntuser.dat.baz
NTUSER~1.BAZ

C:\>test "C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\foo.bar.baz"
File Not Found
foo.bar.baz (or FOO~1.BAZ or whatever, doesn’t really matter since
             file does not exist, though latter would be nice)

相反,我得到的是以下内容(取决于指定的短文件名):

C:\>type test.bat
@dir /b %1
@echo %~nxs1

C:\>test "C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\ntuser.dat"
ntuser.dat
s\ntuser.dat

C:\>test "C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\ntuser.data"
ntuser.data
s\ntuser.data

C:\>test "C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\ntuser.dat.baz"
ntuser.dat.baz
z

C:\>test "C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\foo.bar.baz"
File Not Found
s\foo.bar.baz



基本上,我需要将文件名传递给 BAT 文件并让脚本获取(例如显示)为短文件名,但只有文件名和扩展名,没有驱动器或路径。

FOR 的帮助信息以%~fsi 为例,但它的整个路径为短文件名,而不仅仅是文件。有没有人知道如何结合%〜的S参数而不获取整个路径?


非常感谢。



更新

  1. 我不是在寻找其他语言的解决方案,我需要使用BAT命令。

  2. 它似乎适用于其他人,所以我正在检查它是否是某种备用配置问题。我正在测试是否可能是Command Processor Extensions的原因。

  3. 如果Extensions被禁用(显然),它根本不起作用,所以我假设这是一个在后续Service Pack中修复的错误(我测试的系统是XP SP1)。我今天正在测试SP2和SP3 ......

5 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:2)

我刚刚确认了。我在XP SP1,SP2和SP3以及SP2 VM安装中使用CMD.EXE测试了脚本。它在SP1版本中给出了上述错误结果,但在SP2和SP3版本中正常工作。所以这确实是一个被修复的错误。对于遇到此问题的其他任何人,可以将SP2 +中的CMD.EXE文件放入SP1安装中而不会出现问题(假设更新不可行)。

答案 1 :(得分:2)

看看this forum post。代码如下:

%~snx
s ... short 
n ... name
x ... extension

答案 2 :(得分:0)

执行批处理时没有问题。希望有人能尽快帮助你。但是当你在这里时,这是用Vbscript做的另一种选择,我认为你应该熟悉它。

Set objArgs = WScript.Arguments
strFile = objArgs(0)
WScript.Echo CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject").GetFile(strFile).ShortName

在命令行(或您的批处理)上,像这样调用

C:\test>cscript //nologo getshortname.vbs "C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Desktop\shortcut.lnk"
shortcut.lnk

答案 3 :(得分:0)

还有另一种方法,在VS中编译此代码:

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Globalization;
using System.Linq;
using System.IO;
using System.Text;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

namespace ConvFN
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            if (args.Length == 3)
            {
                if ((args[2].Length > 1) && System.IO.File.Exists(args[2]))
                {
                    if (args[1].Equals("-l")) Console.WriteLine(ShortLongFName.GetLongPathName(args[2]));
                    if (args[1].Equals("-s")) Console.WriteLine(ShortLongFName.ToShortPathName(args[2]));
                }
            }
        }
    }

    public class ShortLongFName
    {
        [DllImport("kernel32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]
        static extern uint GetShortPathName(
           [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPTStr)]
   string lpszLongPath,
           [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPTStr)]
   StringBuilder lpszShortPath,
           uint cchBuffer);

        [DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
        [return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U4)]
        private static extern int GetLongPathName(
            [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPTStr)]
        string lpszShortPath,
            [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPTStr)]
        StringBuilder lpszLongPath,
            [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U4)]
        int cchBuffer);

        /// <summary>
        /// Converts a short path to a long path.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="shortPath">A path that may contain short path elements (~1).</param>
        /// <returns>The long path.  Null or empty if the input is null or empty.</returns>
        internal static string GetLongPathName(string shortPath)
        {
            if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(shortPath))
            {
                return shortPath;
            }

            StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(255);
            int result = GetLongPathName(shortPath, builder, builder.Capacity);
            if (result &gt; 0 && result &lt; builder.Capacity)
            {
                return builder.ToString(0, result);
            }
            else
            {
                if (result &gt; 0)
                {
                    builder = new StringBuilder(result);
                    result = GetLongPathName(shortPath, builder, builder.Capacity);
                    return builder.ToString(0, result);
                }
                else
                {
                    throw new FileNotFoundException(
                        string.Format(
                        CultureInfo.CurrentCulture,
                        "{0} Not Found",
                        shortPath),
                        shortPath);
                }
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// The ToLongPathNameToShortPathName function retrieves the short path form of a specified long input path
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="longName">The long name path</param>
        /// <returns>A short name path string</returns>
        public static string ToShortPathName(string longName)
        {
            uint bufferSize = 256;

            // don´t allocate stringbuilder here but outside of the function for fast access
            StringBuilder shortNameBuffer = new StringBuilder((int)bufferSize);

            uint result = GetShortPathName(longName, shortNameBuffer, bufferSize);

            return shortNameBuffer.ToString();
        }
    }
}

将其添加到名为ConvFN的Console C#项目中并构建它。然后从批处理文件中调用ConvFN -s%1,其中%1参数是一个长文件名,它将输出等效的短文件名...就像明智的逆,ConvFN -l%1其中%1是短文件名,它将输出等效的长文件名。

此代码取自pinvoke.net。

答案 4 :(得分:0)

1-保存ShortFileName.Vbs中的代码

2-拖放任何文件夹或文件到此脚本

    Set fso=CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
    ' Is object a file or folder?

    If fso.FolderExists(WScript.Arguments(0)) Then
       'The dropped stuff is a folder
       Set objFolder = fso.GetFolder(WScript.Arguments(0))
       rtrn = InputBox("Short path is :", "SHORT PATH", objFolder.ShortPath)
    End If

    If fso.FileExists(WScript.Arguments(0)) Then
       'The dropped stuff is a file
       Set objFile = fso.GetFile(WScript.Arguments(0))
       rtrn = InputBox("Short path is :", "SHORT PATH", objFile.ShortPath)
    End If