Question

假设我有一个SQL Server 2005表TableX，上面有两个索引：

PK_TableX = FieldA上的PRIMARY KEY NONCLUSTERED 在FieldB

上IX_TableX_FieldB = CLUSTERED

我想将PK切换为CLUSTERED，将另一个索引切换为NONCLUSTERED。

我必须假设数据库将在我尝试更改索引时使用 - 因此我想要避免的主要问题是，在此过程中的某些时刻PK约束将不存在于桌子。我希望能够防止插入重复密钥的风险。

即。我不能只删除主键并重新创建它。

此过程需要通过SQL脚本完成，而不是通过SSMS。

我有一种方法，我认为它会起作用（我会把它作为一个潜在的答案发布），但是如果我遗漏某些东西或者有另一种/更好的方法，我想打开它。此外，它可能对未来的其他人有用

Answer 1

1）首先删除现有的聚簇索引（IX_TableX_FieldB）：

   DROP INDEX TableX.IX_TableX_FieldB

2）在主键

中引用的唯一字段上创建（临时）UNIQUE约束

    ALTER TABLE TableX
    ADD CONSTRAINT UQ_TableX UNIQUE(FieldA)

3）放弃PRIMARY KEY

    ALTER TABLE TableX
    DROP CONSTRAINT PK_TableX

4）将PRIMARY KEY重新创建为CLUSTERED

   ALTER TABLE TableX
   ADD CONSTRAINT PK_TableX PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED(FieldA)

5）删除临时UNIQUE约束

   ALTER TABLE TableX
   DROP CONSTRAINT UQ_TableX

6）重新添加IX_TableX_FieldB为NONCLUSTERED

   CREATE NONCLUSTERED INDEX IX_TableX_FieldB ON TableX(FieldB)

Answer 2

我知道这已经过时了，但这会编写所有FK丢弃，pk drop，pk重新创建，FK重新创建。用您的表名替换MYTABLE。

   IF  EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.tables WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[FKAgainstTableList]'))
BEGIN 
    DROP TABLE FKAgainstTableList
END
--CREATE TABLE FKAgainstTableList (ForeignKey VARCHAR(30),[Table] VARCHAR(30))
DECLARE @PKTableName VARCHAR(100), 
        @PKName varchar(100),
        @FKName varchar(100),
        @sql varchar(max),
        @PKcolumnName varchar(30),
        @table VARCHAR(100),
        @FKColumnName VARCHAR(100), 
        @parentColumnNumber int
SET @PKTableName = 'MYTABLE'
set @PKName = (SELECT name FROM sys.indexes WHERE OBJECT_NAME(object_id) = @PKTableName AND is_primary_key = 1)
set @PKcolumnName = (SELECT name FROM sys.columns WHERE OBJECT_NAME(object_id) = @PKTableName AND is_identity =1)
PRINT @PKcolumnName

 SELECT  OBJECT_NAME(sys.foreign_key_columns.parent_object_id) [Table],sys.columns.name [FKColumnName],sys.foreign_keys.name [FKName] 
    INTO FKAgainstTableList
    FROM sys.foreign_keys INNER JOIN sys.foreign_key_columns 
    ON sys.foreign_keys.object_id = sys.foreign_key_columns.constraint_object_id
    INNER JOIN sys.columns ON sys.columns.object_id = sys.foreign_keys.parent_object_id AND sys.columns.column_id = sys.foreign_key_columns.parent_column_id
    WHERE OBJECT_NAME(sys.foreign_keys.referenced_object_id) = @PKTableName


DECLARE table_cur1 CURSOR  FOR
    SELECT  * FROM FKAgainstTableList

    PRINT @sql

-------------------------------Disable constraint on FK Tables
OPEN table_cur1
FETCH NEXT FROM table_cur1 INTO @table,@FKColumnName,@FKName
WHILE   @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
    BEGIN
        SET @sql ='ALTER TABLE '+@table+' DROP CONSTRAINT '+ @FKName
        PRINT @sql
        FETCH NEXT FROM table_cur1 INTO @table,@FKColumnName,@FKName
    END
CLOSE table_cur1
DEALLOCATE table_cur1
--------------------------------DROP AND recreate CLUSTERED pk
IF  EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM sys.indexes WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID(@PKTableName) AND name = @PKName)
BEGIN
    SET @sql = 'ALTER TABLE '+@PKTableName+' DROP CONSTRAINT '+ @PKName
    PRINT @sql

END
SET @sql = 'ALTER TABLE '+@PKTableName +' ADD  CONSTRAINT '+@PKName+' PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ('+@PKcolumnName+' ASC)
WITH (PAD_INDEX  = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE  = OFF, SORT_IN_TEMPDB = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ONLINE = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS  = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS  = ON, FILLFACTOR = 80) ON [PRIMARY]'
PRINT(@sql)

--------------------------------Enable FK constraints on FK tables.
DECLARE table_cur2 CURSOR  FOR
    SELECT  * FROM FKAgainstTableList
OPEN table_cur2
FETCH NEXT FROM table_cur2 INTO @table,@FKColumnName,@FKName
WHILE   @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
    BEGIN
        SET @sql = 'ALTER TABLE '+@table+' WITH NOCHECK ADD  CONSTRAINT  '+ @FKName+' FOREIGN KEY(['+@FKColumnName+'])
        REFERENCES ['+@PKTableName+'] (['+@PKcolumnName+'])'
        PRINT(@sql)
        SET @sql = 'ALTER TABLE '+@table+' CHECK CONSTRAINT  '+@FKName
        PRINT(@sql)

        FETCH NEXT FROM table_cur2 INTO @table,@FKColumnName,@FKName

         END
CLOSE table_cur2
DEALLOCATE table_cur2
DROP TABLE FKAgainstTableList

Answer 3

这是覆盖原始密钥的快捷方式：

CREATE UNIQUE CLUSTERED INDEX [pk_name] ON [table_name]([id])
WITH DROP_EXISTING

并且如其他答案所述，您仍然需要删除/重新添加外部约束（如果存在）。

Answer 4

在 Jerloldrartolf 的回答中添加双引号

O(log p)

我发现我需要分 3 部分运行生成的脚本

这部分的生成是中间部分。

IF  EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.tables WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[FKAgainstTableList]'))
BEGIN 
    DROP TABLE FKAgainstTableList
END
--CREATE TABLE FKAgainstTableList (ForeignKey VARCHAR(30),[Table] VARCHAR(30))
DECLARE @PKTableName VARCHAR(100), 
        @PKName varchar(100),
        @FKName varchar(100),
        @sql varchar(max),
        @PKcolumnName varchar(30),
        @table VARCHAR(100),
        @FKColumnName VARCHAR(100), 
        @parentColumnNumber int
SET @PKTableName = 'mytable'
set @PKName = (SELECT name FROM sys.indexes WHERE OBJECT_NAME(object_id) = @PKTableName AND is_primary_key = 1)
set @PKcolumnName = (SELECT name FROM sys.columns WHERE OBJECT_NAME(object_id) = @PKTableName AND is_identity =1)
PRINT @PKcolumnName

 SELECT  OBJECT_NAME(sys.foreign_key_columns.parent_object_id) [Table],sys.columns.name [FKColumnName],sys.foreign_keys.name [FKName] 
    INTO FKAgainstTableList
    FROM sys.foreign_keys INNER JOIN sys.foreign_key_columns 
    ON sys.foreign_keys.object_id = sys.foreign_key_columns.constraint_object_id
    INNER JOIN sys.columns ON sys.columns.object_id = sys.foreign_keys.parent_object_id AND sys.columns.column_id = sys.foreign_key_columns.parent_column_id
    WHERE OBJECT_NAME(sys.foreign_keys.referenced_object_id) = @PKTableName


DECLARE table_cur1 CURSOR  FOR
    SELECT  * FROM FKAgainstTableList

    PRINT @sql


-------------------------------Disable constraint on FK Tables
OPEN table_cur1
FETCH NEXT FROM table_cur1 INTO @table,@FKColumnName,@FKName
WHILE   @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
    BEGIN
        SET @sql ='ALTER TABLE '+@table+' DROP CONSTRAINT "'+ @FKName+'"'
        PRINT @sql
        FETCH NEXT FROM table_cur1 INTO @table,@FKColumnName,@FKName
    END
CLOSE table_cur1
DEALLOCATE table_cur1

--------------------------------DROP AND recreate CLUSTERED pk
IF  EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM sys.indexes WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID(@PKTableName) AND name = @PKName)
BEGIN
    SET @sql = 'ALTER TABLE '+@PKTableName+' DROP CONSTRAINT "'+ @PKName +'"'
    PRINT @sql

END
SET @sql = 'ALTER TABLE '+@PKTableName +' ADD  CONSTRAINT '+@PKName+' PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ('+@PKcolumnName+' ASC)
WITH (PAD_INDEX  = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE  = OFF, SORT_IN_TEMPDB = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ONLINE = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS  = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS  = ON, FILLFACTOR = 80) ON [PRIMARY]'
PRINT(@sql)
--------------------------------Enable FK constraints on FK tables.
DECLARE table_cur2 CURSOR  FOR
    SELECT  * FROM FKAgainstTableList
OPEN table_cur2
FETCH NEXT FROM table_cur2 INTO @table,@FKColumnName,@FKName
WHILE   @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
    BEGIN
        SET @sql = 'ALTER TABLE '+@table+' WITH NOCHECK ADD  CONSTRAINT  "'+ @FKName+'" FOREIGN KEY(['+@FKColumnName+'])
        REFERENCES ['+@PKTableName+'] (['+@PKcolumnName+'])'
        PRINT(@sql)
        SET @sql = 'ALTER TABLE '+@table+' CHECK CONSTRAINT  "'+@FKName+'"'
        PRINT(@sql)

        FETCH NEXT FROM table_cur2 INTO @table,@FKColumnName,@FKName

         END
CLOSE table_cur2
DEALLOCATE table_cur2
DROP TABLE FKAgainstTableList

将主键从Nonclustered更改为Clustered

4 个答案: