如何检查用户输入是否为浮点数

时间:2014-04-25 22:05:25

标签: python python-2.7 floating-point floating-point-conversion

我正在努力学习Python艰苦的练习35.以下是原始代码,我们要求对其进行更改,以便它可以接受不具有0和1的数字它们。

def gold_room():
    print "This room is full of gold. How much do you take?"

    next = raw_input("> ")

    if "0" in next or "1" in next:
        how_much = int(next)

    else:
        dead("Man, learn to type a number.")

    if how_much < 50:
        print "Nice, you're not greedy, you win!"
        exit(0)

    else:
        dead("You greedy bastard!")

这是我的解决方案,运行正常并识别浮点值:

def gold_room():
    print "This room is full of gold. What percent of it do you take?"

    next = raw_input("> ")

    try:
        how_much = float(next)
    except ValueError:
        print "Man, learn to type a number."
        gold_room()

    if how_much <= 50:
        print "Nice, you're not greedy, you win!"
        exit(0)

    else:
        dead("You greedy bastard!")

通过搜索类似的问题,我找到了一些帮助我编写另一个解决方案的答案,如下面的代码所示。问题是,使用isdigit()不会让用户输入浮点值。因此,如果用户表示他们想要获得50.5%,那么它会告诉他们学习如何键入数字。它适用于整数。我怎么能绕过这个?

def gold_room():
    print "This room is full of gold. What percent of it do you take?"

    next = raw_input("> ")

while True:
    if next.isdigit():
        how_much = float(next)

        if how_much <= 50:
            print "Nice, you're not greedy, you win!"
            exit(0)

        else:
            dead("You greedy bastard!")

    else: 
        print "Man, learn to type a number."
        gold_room()

6 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:2)

如果isinstance(next, (float, int))已经从字符串转换,那么

next就可以解决这个问题。它不是在这种情况下。因此,如果您想避免使用re,则必须使用try..except进行转换。

我建议您使用之前的try..except块而不是if..else块,但将更多代码放入其中,如下所示。

def gold_room():
    while True:
        print "This room is full of gold. What percent of it do you take?"
        try:
            how_much = float(raw_input("> "))

            if how_much <= 50:
                print "Nice, you're not greedy, you win!"
                exit(0)

            else:
                dead("You greedy bastard!")

        except ValueError: 
            print "Man, learn to type a number."

这将尝试将其强制转换为浮动,如果失败则会引发将被捕获的ValueError。要了解详情,请参阅其上的Python Tutorial

答案 1 :(得分:1)

RE将是一个不错的选择

>>> re.match("^\d+.\d+$","10")
>>> re.match("^\d+.\d+$","1.00001")
<_sre.SRE_Match object at 0x0000000002C56370>

如果原始输入是一个浮点数,它将返回一个对象。否则,它将返回None。如果你需要识别int,你可以:

>>> re.match("^[1-9]\d*$","10")
<_sre.SRE_Match object at 0x0000000002C56308>

答案 2 :(得分:1)

您可以使用正则表达式验证格式:

r'^[\d]{2}\.[\d]+$'

您可以在此处找到文档:https://docs.python.org/2/library/re.html

答案 3 :(得分:1)

我的方法存在的问题是,你走的是“先跳过去”而不是更多Pythonic“更容易请求宽恕而不是权限”的道路。我认为您的原始解决方案比尝试以这种方式验证输入更好。

以下是我的写作方式。

GREEDY_LIMIT = 50

def gold_room():
    print("This room is full of gold. What percent of it do you take?")

    try:
        how_much = float(raw_input("> "))
    except ValueError:
        print("Man, learn to type a number.")
        gold_room()
        return

    if how_much <= GREEDY_LIMIT:
        print "Nice, you're not greedy, you win!"
        exit(0)

    else:
        dead("You greedy bastard!")

答案 4 :(得分:0)

使用下面基于python的正则表达式检查浮点字符串

import re
a=re.match('((\d+[\.]\d*$)|(\.)\d+$)' ,  '2.3') 
a=re.match('((\d+[\.]\d*$)|(\.)\d+$)' ,  '2.')
a=re.match('((\d+[\.]\d*$)|(\.)\d+$)' ,  '.3')
a=re.match('((\d+[\.]\d*$)|(\.)\d+$)' ,  '2.3sd')
a=re.match('((\d+[\.]\d*$)|(\.)\d+$)' ,  '2.3')

输出:!无,!无,!无,无,!无 然后使用此输出进行转换。

答案 5 :(得分:0)

如果您不想使用try / except,以下是我的回答:

def gold_room():
    print "This room is full of gold. How much do you take?"

    choice = input("> ")

    if choice.isdigit():
        how_much = int(choice)
    elif "." in choice:
        choice_dot = choice
        choice_dot_remove = choice_dot.replace(".","")
        if choice_dot_remove.isdigit():
            how_much = float(choice)

    else:
        dead("Man, learn to type a number.")

    if how_much < 50:
        print "Nice, you're not greedy, you win!"
        exit(0)

    else:
        dead("You greedy bastard!")
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