将公钥从其他地方导入CngKey?

时间:2014-06-16 20:05:15

标签: c# javascript cryptography bouncycastle cng

我正在寻找一种跨平台的方式来共享ECDSA签名的公钥。从CngKey和标准.NET加密库的性能角度来看,我有一个很棒的事情,但后来我无法弄清楚33(或65)字节公钥(使用secp256r1 / P256)如何变成MS的104字节..因此,我无法支持跨平台签名和验证..

我现在正在使用BouncyCastle,但神圣的handgranade是慢的!

因此,寻找以下要求的建议:

  1. 跨平台/语言(服务器是.NET,但这是通过JSON / Web.API接口提供的)
    • JavaScript,Ruby,Python,C ++等..
  2. 服务器上没有那么疯狂
  3. 人们无法在客户端使用它,这种情况并不那么痛苦。
  4. 客户端必须能够对邮件进行签名,服务器必须能够使用在注册时向服务交换的公钥来验证签名。

    无论如何,想法会很棒......谢谢

4 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:27)

所以我想出了在ECCPublicKeyBlob和ECCPrivateKeyBlob中导出的CngKey的格式。这应该允许其他人在其他关键格式和CngKey之间进行互操作以进行Elliptcal曲线签名等。

ECCPrivateKeyBlob的格式(对于P256)如下

  • [密钥类型(4字节)] [密钥长度(4字节)] [公共密钥(64字节)] [私钥(32字节)]
  • HEX中的KEY TYPE为45-43-53-32
  • HEX的关键长度为20-00-00-00
  • PUBLIC KEY是未压缩的格式减去前导字节(在其他库中始终为04表示未压缩的密钥)

ECCPublicKeyBlob格式化(对于P256)如下

  • [密钥类型(4字节)] [密钥长度(4字节)] [公共密钥(64字节)]
  • HEX中的KEY TYPE为45-43-53-31
  • HEX的关键长度为20-00-00-00
  • PUBLIC KEY是未压缩的格式减去前导字节(在其他库中始终为04表示未压缩的密钥)

因此,如果使用其他语言的十六进制中的未压缩公钥,则可以修剪第一个字节,将这8个字节添加到前面并使用

导入它
CngKey.Import(key,CngKeyBlobFormat.EccPrivateBlob);

注意:Microsoft记录了密钥blob格式。

KEY TYPE和KEY LENGTH在BCRYPT_ECCKEY_BLOB struct中定义为:

{ ulong Magic; ulong cbKey; }

ECC公钥记忆格式:

BCRYPT_ECCKEY_BLOB
BYTE X[cbKey] // Big-endian.
BYTE Y[cbKey] // Big-endian.

ECC私钥内存格式:

BCRYPT_ECCKEY_BLOB
BYTE X[cbKey] // Big-endian.
BYTE Y[cbKey] // Big-endian.
BYTE d[cbKey] // Big-endian.

.NET中可用的MAGIC值位于Microsoft's official GitHub dotnet/corefx BCrypt/Interop.Blobs

internal enum KeyBlobMagicNumber : int
{
    BCRYPT_ECDH_PUBLIC_P256_MAGIC = 0x314B4345,
    BCRYPT_ECDH_PRIVATE_P256_MAGIC = 0x324B4345,
    BCRYPT_ECDH_PUBLIC_P384_MAGIC = 0x334B4345,
    BCRYPT_ECDH_PRIVATE_P384_MAGIC = 0x344B4345,
    BCRYPT_ECDH_PUBLIC_P521_MAGIC = 0x354B4345,
    BCRYPT_ECDH_PRIVATE_P521_MAGIC = 0x364B4345,
    BCRYPT_ECDSA_PUBLIC_P256_MAGIC = 0x31534345,
    BCRYPT_ECDSA_PRIVATE_P256_MAGIC = 0x32534345,
    BCRYPT_ECDSA_PUBLIC_P384_MAGIC = 0x33534345,
    BCRYPT_ECDSA_PRIVATE_P384_MAGIC = 0x34534345
    BCRYPT_ECDSA_PUBLIC_P521_MAGIC = 0x35534345,
    BCRYPT_ECDSA_PRIVATE_P521_MAGIC = 0x36534345,
    ...
    ...
}

答案 1 :(得分:4)

感谢您,我能够使用以下代码从证书导入ECDSA_P256公钥:

    private static CngKey ImportCngKeyFromCertificate(X509Certificate2 cert)
    {
        var keyType = new byte[] {0x45, 0x43, 0x53, 0x31};
        var keyLength = new byte[] {0x20, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00};

        var key = cert.PublicKey.EncodedKeyValue.RawData.Skip(1);

        var keyImport = keyType.Concat(keyLength).Concat(key).ToArray();

        var cngKey = CngKey.Import(keyImport, CngKeyBlobFormat.EccPublicBlob);
        return cngKey;
    }

65字节密钥(仅限公钥)以0x04开头,需要将其删除。然后添加您描述的标题。

然后我能够验证这样的签名:

var crypto = ECDsaCng(cngKey);
var verify = crypto.VerifyHash(hash, sig);

答案 2 :(得分:1)

我只是觉得我要感谢上面两篇文章,因为它帮助了我。我必须使用RSACng对象使用RSA公钥验证签名。我之前使用的是RSACryptoServiceProvider,但这不符合FIPS,所以我在切换到RSACng时遇到了一些问题。它还需要.NET 4.6。以下是我使用上述海报作为例子的方法:

                    // This structure is as the header for the CngKey
                    // all should be byte arrays in Big-Endian order
                    //typedef struct _BCRYPT_RSAKEY_BLOB {
                    //  ULONG Magic; 
                    //  ULONG BitLength; 
                    //  ULONG cbPublicExp;
                    //  ULONG cbModulus;
                    //  ULONG cbPrime1;  private key only
                    //  ULONG cbPrime2;  private key only
                    //} BCRYPT_RSAKEY_BLOB;

                    // This is the actual Key Data that is attached to the header
                    //BCRYPT_RSAKEY_BLOB
                    //  PublicExponent[cbPublicExp] 
                    //  Modulus[cbModulus]

                    //first get the public key from the cert (modulus and exponent)
                    // not shown
                    byte[] publicExponent = <your public key exponent>; //Typically equal to from what I've found: {0x01, 0x00, 0x01}
                    byte[] btMod = <your public key modulus>;  //for 128 bytes for 1024 bit key, and 256 bytes for 2048 keys

                    //BCRYPT_RSAPUBLIC_MAGIC = 0x31415352,
                    // flip to big-endian
                    byte[] Magic = new byte[] { 0x52, 0x53, 0x41, 0x31}; 

                    // for BitLendth: convert the length of the key's Modulus as a byte array into bits,
                    // so the size of the key, in bits should be btMod.Length * 8. Convert to a DWord, then flip for Big-Endian 
                    // example 128 bytes = 1024 bits = 0x00000400 = {0x00, 0x00, 0x04, 0x00} = flipped {0x00, 0x04, 0x00, 0x00}
                    // example 256 bytes = 2048 bits = 0x00000800 = {0x00, 0x00, 0x08, 0x00} = flipped {0x00, 0x08, 0x00, 0x00}
                    string sHex = (btMod.Length * 8).ToString("X8");
                    byte[] BitLength = Util.ConvertHexStringToByteArray(sHex);
                    Array.Reverse(BitLength); //flip to Big-Endian

                    // same thing for exponent length (in bytes)
                    sHex = (publicExponent.Length).ToString("X8");
                    byte[] cbPublicExp = Util.ConvertHexStringToByteArray(sHex);
                    Array.Reverse(cbPublicExp);

                    // same thing for modulus length (in bytes)
                    sHex = (btMod.Length).ToString("X8");
                    byte[] cbModulus = Util.ConvertHexStringToByteArray(sHex);
                    Array.Reverse(cbModulus);                      

                    // add the 0 bytes for cbPrime1 and cbPrime2 (always zeros for public keys, these are used for private keys, but need to be zero here)
                    // just make one array with both 4 byte primes as zeros
                    byte[] cbPrimes = new byte[] { 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00};

                    //combine all the parts together into the one big byte array in the order the structure
                    var keyImport = Magic.Concat(BitLength).Concat(cbPublicExp).Concat(cbModulus).Concat(cbPrimes).Concat(publicExponent).Concat(btMod).ToArray();

                    var cngKey = CngKey.Import(keyImport, CngKeyBlobFormat.GenericPublicBlob);

                    // pass the key to the class constructor
                    RSACng rsa = new RSACng(cngKey);

                    //verify: our randomly generated M (message) used to create the signature (not shown), the signature, enum for SHA256, padding
                    verified = rsa.VerifyData(M, signature, HashAlgorithmName.SHA256,RSASignaturePadding.Pkcs1);

注意:模数(0x00)的符号字节可以包含在模数中,也可以不包含在模数中,因此如果包含模数,则长度将更大。无论如何,CNGkey似乎都可以处理它。

答案 3 :(得分:0)

您可以这样将EC密钥转换为BCRYPT_ECCKEY_BLOB。我们应该忽略EC密钥的第一个字节,因为它仅表示压缩/未压缩的格式。

BCRYPT_ECCKEY_BLOB eccBlobHeader;
PCHAR bycrtptKey;
eccBlobHeader.dwMagic = BCRYPT_ECDH_PUBLIC_P384_MAGIC;  
eccBlobHeader.cbKey = 48;//size of EC key(without 1st byte)
memcpy(bycrtptKey, &eccBlobHeader, 8);//copying 8bytes header blob
memcpy(bycrtptKey+ 8,publicKeyFromOtherParty+1,publicKeyFromOtherPartySize- 1);

现在使用bycrtptKey进行导入。