我需要知道是否可以在awk中使用新行作为字段分隔符来将多行放在一行中?
例如:
$ cat yo
a aa aaa
bb bbb bbb
cccc ccccc cccc
ddd dddd ddd
eeeee eeeee eee
fffff ffffff fffffff
gggg ggggg
hhhhhh hhhhhhh hhhhhhhhh
iii iiiiiiiii iiiii
jjjj jjjjj jjjjj
kkkkk kkkkk
lllllllll lll ll
以下是我的小脑子想到的一些东西,但没有一个帮助。
cat file |awk -F'\n' '{print}'
cat yo |awk 'NF' '{print $NF}'
cat yo |awk -F'/^$/d' '{print $NF}'
cat yo |awk -F'^$^[ \t]*$' '{print $NF}'
cat yo |awk -F'^..' '{print $NF}'
cat yo |awk -F'\t' '{print}'
期望的输出:
a aa aaa bb bbb bbb cccc ccccc cccc ddd dddd ddd eeeee eeeee eee
fffff ffffff fffffff gggg ggggg hhhhhh hhhhhhh hhhhhhhhh
iii iiiiiiiii iiiii jjjj jjjjj jjjjj kkkkk kkkkk lllllllll lll ll
答案 0 :(得分:3)
您可以将记录分隔符定义为RS=
,这将使其成为段落:每行是一个字段,每个记录都是一个块:
$ awk -v RS= '{for (i=1; i<=NF; i++) printf "%s%s", $i, (i==NF?"\n":" ")}' file
a aa aaa bb bbb bbb cccc ccccc cccc ddd dddd ddd eeeee eeeee eee
fffff ffffff fffffff gggg ggggg hhhhhh hhhhhhh hhhhhhhhh
iii iiiiiiiii iiiii jjjj jjjjj jjjjj kkkkk kkkkk lllllllll lll ll
其实与:
相同awk -v RS= '{for (i=1; i<=NF; i++) printf "%s%s", $i, (i==NF?ORS:FS)}' file
答案 1 :(得分:2)
您可能希望重新定义记录分隔符而不是字段分隔符....
引用man awk
Records
Normally, records are separated by newline characters. You can control
how records are separated by assigning values to the built-in variable
RS. If RS is any single character, that character separates records.
Otherwise, RS is a regular expression. Text in the input that matches
this regular expression separates the record. However, in compatibility
mode, only the first character of its string value is used for separating
records. If RS is set to the null string, then records are separated by
blank lines. When RS is set to the null string, the newline character
always acts as a field separator, in addition to whatever value FS may have.
所以试试这个;
awk 'BEGIN{RS="\n\n";}{print NF;}'
答案 2 :(得分:2)
在awk中执行此操作的方法很简单:
$ awk -v RS= '$1=$1' file
a aa aaa bb bbb bbb cccc ccccc cccc ddd dddd ddd eeeee eeeee eee
fffff ffffff fffffff gggg ggggg hhhhhh hhhhhhh hhhhhhhhh
iii iiiiiiiii iiiii jjjj jjjjj jjjjj kkkkk kkkkk lllllllll lll ll
答案 3 :(得分:1)
如果你没有使用任何约束来使用awk
,那么只需使用一个循环,逐行阅读就可以了:
while read -r line ; do
if [[ -z $line ]]; then echo ; else echo -n $line; fi
done <file
答案 4 :(得分:1)
通过awk's
gsub函数,
$ awk -v RS="" '{gsub(/\n/,"")}1' file
a aa aaa bb bbb bbb cccc ccccc cccc ddd dddd ddd eeeee eeeee eee
fffff ffffff fffffff gggg ggggg hhhhhh hhhhhhh hhhhhhhhh
iii iiiiiiiii iiiii jjjj jjjjj jjjjj kkkkk kkkkk lllllllll lll ll