SQL Server - 复杂动态透视多列
仅供参考，这个问题已经得到解答，但我有一些新要求，实施起来非常复杂，我将其作为一个新问题发布而不是编辑旧问题：（Previous Question）
我有两个表“Controls”和“ControlChilds”（在ControlChilds表中我们添加了一个名为ControlChildComments的新列，我们需要在PIVOT输出中显示）
父表结构：
Create table Controls(
ProjectID Varchar(20) NOT NULL,
ControlID INT NOT NULL,
ControlCode Varchar(2) NOT NULL,
ControlPoint Decimal NULL,
ControlScore Decimal NULL,
ControlValue Varchar(50)
)
样本数据
ProjectID | ControlID | ControlCode | ControlPoint | ControlScore | ControlValue
P001 1 A 30.44 65 Invalid
P001 2 C 45.30 85 Valid
子表结构：
Create table ControlChilds(
ControlID INT NOT NULL,
ControlChildID INT NOT NULL,
ControlChildValue Varchar(200) NULL,
ControlChildComments Varchar(200) NULL
)
样本数据
ControlID | ControlChildID | ControlChildValue | ControlChildComments
1 100 Yes Something
1 101 No NULL
1 102 NA Others
1 103 Others NULL
2 104 Yes New one
2 105 SomeValue NULL
基于我之前的问题（Previous Question），我得到了这个输出（你可以参考在@bluefeet给出的答案中产生这个输出的PIVOT查询。再次感谢@bluefeet。）
但现在我的要求已经改变，我需要在每个Child值之后使用ControlChildComments。例如，A_Child1，A_Child1Comments，A_Child2，A_Child2Comments等...
另一个棘手的问题是我只需要在它们不为空时显示注释，否则我不应该显示该列。例如，在这种情况下，它应该是这样的：
A_Child1，A_Child1Comments，A_Child2，A_Child3，A_Child3Comments，A_Child4，C_Child1，C_Child1Comments，C_Child2
这可能吗？我尝试了很多东西，但结果并不准确。
2 个答案:
答案 0 :(得分：1)
由于您的ControlChilds表中现在有多个列需要PIVOT，因此您需要使用类似的方法来首先取消它们，并应用Controls表。
您需要使用类似于以下代码的ChildControlValue和ChildControlComments取消隐藏：
select
projectId,
col = ControlCode+'_'+subCol+cast(seq as varchar(10)),
value
from
(
select c.ProjectId,
c.ControlCode,
cc.ControlChildValue,
cc.ControlChildComments,
row_number() over(partition by c.ProjectId, c.ControlCode
order by cc.ControlChildId) seq
from controls c
inner join controlchilds cc
on c.controlid = cc.controlid
) d
cross apply
(
select 'ChildValue', ControlChildValue union all
select 'ChildComments', ControlChildComments
) c (subCol, value);
见SQL Fiddle with Demo。这将以以下格式获取您的数据：
| PROJECTID | COL | VALUE |
|-----------|------------------|-----------|
| P001 | A_ChildValue1 | Yes |
| P001 | A_ChildComments1 | Something |
| P001 | A_ChildValue2 | No |
| P001 | A_ChildComments2 | (null) |
| P001 | A_ChildValue3 | NA |
然后在现有查询中使用此代码：
select ProjectId,
A_ControlPoint, A_ControlScore, A_ControlValue,
A_ChildValue1, A_ChildComments1, A_ChildValue2,
A_ChildComments2, A_ChildValue3, A_ChildComments3,
A_ChildValue4, A_ChildComments4,
C_ControlPoint, C_ControlScore, C_ControlValue,
C_Child1, C_Child2
from
(
select
ProjectId,
col = ControlCode +'_'+col,
val
from
(
select
c.ProjectId,
c.ControlCode,
c.ControlPoint,
c.ControlScore,
c.ControlValue
from controls c
) d
cross apply
(
select 'ControlPoint', cast(controlpoint as varchar(10)) union all
select 'ControlScore', cast(ControlScore as varchar(10)) union all
select 'ControlValue', ControlValue
) c (col, val)
union all
select
projectId,
col = ControlCode+'_'+subCol+cast(seq as varchar(10)),
value
from
(
select c.ProjectId,
c.ControlCode,
cc.ControlChildValue,
cc.ControlChildComments,
row_number() over(partition by c.ProjectId, c.ControlCode
order by cc.ControlChildId) seq
from controls c
inner join controlchilds cc
on c.controlid = cc.controlid
) d
cross apply
(
select 'ChildValue', ControlChildValue union all
select 'ChildComments', ControlChildComments
) c (subCol, value)
) src
pivot
(
max(val)
for col in (A_ControlPoint, A_ControlScore, A_ControlValue,
A_ChildValue1, A_ChildComments1, A_ChildValue2,
A_ChildComments2, A_ChildValue3, A_ChildComments3,
A_ChildValue4, A_ChildComments4,
C_ControlPoint, C_ControlScore, C_ControlValue,
C_Child1, C_Child2)
) piv;
见SQL Fiddle with Demo。最后，您将在动态SQL脚本中实现它：
DECLARE @cols AS NVARCHAR(MAX),
@query AS NVARCHAR(MAX)
select @cols = STUFF((SELECT ',' + QUOTENAME(col)
from
(
select ControlCode,
col = ControlCode +'_'+col,
seq,
so
from controls
cross apply
(
select 'ControlPoint', 0, 0 union all
select 'ControlScore', 0, 1 union all
select 'ControlValue', 0, 2
) c (col, seq, so)
union all
select ControlCode,
col = ControlCode+'_'+subcol+cast(rn as varchar(10)),
rn,
so
from
(
select ControlCode,
row_number() over(partition by c.ProjectId, c.ControlCode
order by cc.ControlChildId) seq
from controls c
inner join controlchilds cc
on c.controlid = cc.controlid
) d
cross apply
(
select 'ChildValue', seq, 3 union all
select 'ChildComments', seq, 4
) c (subcol, rn, so)
) src
group by ControlCode, seq, col, so
order by ControlCode, seq, so
FOR XML PATH(''), TYPE
).value('.', 'NVARCHAR(MAX)')
,1,1,'')
set @query = 'SELECT ProjectId, ' + @cols + '
from
(
select ProjectId,
col = ControlCode +''_''+col,
val
from
(
select
c.ProjectId,
c.ControlCode,
c.ControlPoint,
c.ControlScore,
c.ControlValue
from controls c
) d
cross apply
(
select ''ControlPoint'', cast(controlpoint as varchar(10)) union all
select ''ControlScore'', cast(ControlScore as varchar(10)) union all
select ''ControlValue'', ControlValue
) c (col, val)
union all
select
projectId,
col = ControlCode+''_''+subCol+cast(seq as varchar(10)),
value
from
(
select c.ProjectId,
c.ControlCode,
cc.ControlChildValue,
cc.ControlChildComments,
row_number() over(partition by c.ProjectId, c.ControlCode
order by cc.ControlChildId) seq
from controls c
inner join controlchilds cc
on c.controlid = cc.controlid
) d
cross apply
(
select ''ChildValue'', ControlChildValue union all
select ''ChildComments'', ControlChildComments
) c (subCol, value)
) x
pivot
(
max(val)
for col in (' + @cols + ')
) p '
exec sp_executesql @query;
见SQL Fiddle with Demo。这两个都给出了结果：
| PROJECTID | A_CONTROLPOINT | A_CONTROLSCORE | A_CONTROLVALUE | A_CHILDVALUE1 | A_CHILDCOMMENTS1 | A_CHILDVALUE2 | A_CHILDCOMMENTS2 | A_CHILDVALUE3 | A_CHILDCOMMENTS3 | A_CHILDVALUE4 | A_CHILDCOMMENTS4 | C_CONTROLPOINT | C_CONTROLSCORE | C_CONTROLVALUE | C_CHILDVALUE1 | C_CHILDCOMMENTS1 | C_CHILDVALUE2 | C_CHILDCOMMENTS2 |
|-----------|----------------|----------------|----------------|---------------|------------------|---------------|------------------|---------------|------------------|---------------|------------------|----------------|----------------|----------------|---------------|------------------|---------------|------------------|
| P001 | 30.44 | 65.00 | Invalid | Yes | Something | No | (null) | NA | Others | Others | (null) | 45.30 | 85.00 | Valid | Yes | New one | SomeValue | (null) |
答案 1 :(得分：-2)
以下是动态交叉表的示例。由于您有多个列，因此需要调整此动态部分以适应。
if OBJECT_ID('Something') is not null
drop table Something
create table Something
(
ID int,
Subject1 varchar(50)
)
insert Something
select 10868952, 'NUR/3110/D507' union all
select 10868952, 'NUR/3110/D512' union all
select 10868952, 'NUR/4010/D523' union all
select 10868952, 'NUR/4010/HD20' union all
select 12345, 'asdfasdf'
declare @MaxCols int
declare @StaticPortion nvarchar(2000) =
'with OrderedResults as
(
select *, ROW_NUMBER() over(partition by ID order by Subject1) as RowNum
from Something
)
select ID';
declare @DynamicPortion nvarchar(max) = '';
declare @FinalStaticPortion nvarchar(2000) = ' from OrderedResults Group by ID order by ID';
with E1(N) AS (select 1 from (values (1),(1),(1),(1),(1),(1),(1),(1),(1),(1))dt(n)),
E2(N) AS (SELECT 1 FROM E1 a, E1 b), --10E+2 or 100 rows
E4(N) AS (SELECT 1 FROM E2 a, E2 b), --10E+4 or 10,000 rows max
cteTally(N) AS
(
SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY (SELECT NULL)) FROM E4
)
select @DynamicPortion = @DynamicPortion +
', MAX(Case when RowNum = ' + CAST(N as varchar(6)) + ' then Subject1 end) as Subject' + CAST(N as varchar(6)) + CHAR(10)
from cteTally t
where t.N <=
(
select top 1 Count(*)
from Something
group by ID
order by COUNT(*) desc
)
select @StaticPortion + @DynamicPortion + @FinalStaticPortion
--declare @SqlToExecute nvarchar(max) = @StaticPortion + @DynamicPortion + @FinalStaticPortion;
--exec sp_executesql @SqlToExecute
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