Question

我有以下bash脚本：

#!/bin/bash

while getopts "1:2:3:4:" arg; do

case "$arg" in

1)
    fileWithSpeeds=$OPTARG
    ;;
2)
    titleOfGraph=$OPTARG
    ;;
3)
    lowestHP=$OPTARG
    ;;
4)
    highestHP=$OPTARG
    ;;

esac

done

./myPlotter.R $fileWithSpeeds $titleOfGraph $lowestHP $highestHP

基本上，myPlotter.R根据给定文件中的数据创建一个图（详细信息对于此问题并不重要）。在以下方式在命令行中调用时：

./myPlotter.R myFile "My Title" 30 34

脚本运行正常（不要注意myFile，30,34;它们只是其他参数，但对于这个问题并不重要。我把它留在那里以便这个问题以防万一）。但是，从bash脚本调用时，如：

./bashPlot.sh -1 myFile -2 "My Title" -3 30 -4 34

我收到一条错误消息（args [3]中的错误：args [4]，＆＃34;强制引入的NAs＆＃34;如果有帮助的话）。运行时：

echo ./myPlotter.R $fileWithSpeeds $titleOfGraph $lowestHP $highestHP

我注意到它看起来像以下

 ./myPlotter.R myFile My Title 30 34

这意味着当它不应该被标记为两个参数（＆＃39;我的＆＃39;和＃39;标题＆＃39;）。所以我决定将这条线修改为

./myPlotter.R $fileWithSpeeds \"$titleOfGraph\" $lowestHP $highestHP

并且该行的echo给出了：

./myPlotter.R myFile "My Title" 30 34

但我仍然以同样的错误结束。我的猜测是标题仍然是两个参数（＆＃39;＆＃34;＆＃39;＆＃39;＆＃39;＆＃39;＆＃34;标题＆＃39;）。有没有办法来解决这个问题？如果有帮助，这是R脚本：

#!/usr/bin/env Rscript

# the arguments come in this way: 
# args[1] is a file containing the maximum speeds of different cars (one per line) 
# args[2] is the title that the plot will have
# args[3] contains the horsepower of the engine of the first car in args[1] (the lowest)
# args[4] contains the horsepower of the engine of the last car in args[1] (the highest)
# NOTE1: the speeds in args[1] must be listed starting from the car 
# with the lowest horsepower to the car with the highest horsepower 
# NOTE2: in args[1], a car must differ from the next one by 1 horsepower, i.e., if
# there are 5 speeds, and the horsepower of the first car in the file is 30, then the 
# the horsepower of the second one must be 31, the third one 32, .... the fifth one must
# be 34.

args<-commandArgs(TRUE)

# creating the vector with the horsepower of each car

horsepowers = numeric()

for (i in args[3]:args[4]) {

        horsepowers = c(horsepowers,i)

}

# reading file with speeds and getting vector with speeds

speeds <- read.csv(file=args[1],head=FALSE,sep="\n")$V1

# creating plot with speeds in previous vector

outputTitle = gsub(" ","", args[2] , fixed=TRUE)

pdf(paste(outputTitle, ".pdf", sep = ""))

plot(horsepowers, speeds, type="o", col="red", xlab="horsepowers", ylab="speeds")

# giving a title to the plot

title(main=args[2], col.main="Black")

Answer 1

如果使用

调试脚本

bash -x bashplot.sh .... arguments....

你将能够发现发生了什么。

到处使用引号，所以：

fileWithSpeeds="$OPTARG"   #... and such

和

./myPlotter.R "$fileWithSpeeds" "$titleOfGraph" "$lowestHP" "$highestHP"

Answer 2

更改

./myPlotter.R $fileWithSpeeds \"$titleOfGraph\" $lowestHP $highestHP

到

./myPlotter.R $fileWithSpeeds "$titleOfGraph" $lowestHP $highestHP

修复了问题。这只是我的一个小错误。

为什么bash脚本中的以下参数无法正常工作？

2 个答案: