如何向现有JavaScript函数添加JavaScript键盘快捷键?

时间:2010-03-24 21:02:57

标签: javascript scripting keyboard shortcut

这是我的代码:

function pauseSound() {
    var pauseSound = document.getElementById("backgroundMusic");
    pauseSound.pause(); 
}

我想为此代码添加一个键盘快捷键,我该怎么做才能在单击按钮时执行该功能呢?

试图添加一个else if语句,但它没有用,有什么想法吗?

function doc_keyUp(e) {
    if (e.ctrlKey && e.keyCode == 88) {
        pauseSound();
    }

    else if (e.ctrlKey && e.keyCode == 84) {
        playSound();
    }
}

9 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:67)

文档的keyup事件的事件处理程序似乎是一个合适的解决方案

// define a handler
function doc_keyUp(e) {

    // this would test for whichever key is 40 and the ctrl key at the same time
    if (e.ctrlKey && e.keyCode == 40) {
        // call your function to do the thing
        pauseSound();
    }
}
// register the handler 
document.addEventListener('keyup', doc_keyUp, false);

答案 1 :(得分:3)

如果您只是在按键后搜索触发事件,请尝试以下操作:

在此示例中,按“ALT + a'

document.onkeyup=function(e){
  var e = e || window.event; // for IE to cover IEs window event-object
  if(e.altKey && e.which == 65) {
    alert('Keyboard shortcut working!');
    return false;
  }
}

这是一个小提琴:https://jsfiddle.net/dmtf6n27/38/

请注意,无论您使用的是 onkeypress 还是 onkeyup ,键码都会有所不同。更多信息:w3 schools KeyboardEvent keyCode Property

答案 2 :(得分:3)

我知道我迟到了,但这是我的解决方案

HTMLElement.prototype.onshortcut = function(shortcut, handler) {
    var currentKeys = []
    
    function reset() {
        currentKeys = []
    }

    function shortcutMatches() {
        currentKeys.sort()
        shortcut.sort()

        return (
            JSON.stringify(currentKeys) ==
            JSON.stringify(shortcut)
        )
    }

    this.onkeydown = function(ev) {
        currentKeys.push(ev.key)

        if (shortcutMatches()) {
            ev.preventDefault()
            reset()
            handler(this)
        }

    }

    this.onkeyup = reset
}


document.body.onshortcut(["Control", "Shift", "P"], el => {
    alert("Hello!")
})

说明

  • 当你调用我的函数时,它会创建一个名为 currentKeys 的数组;这些是在那一刻将被按住的键。
  • 每次按下一个键 (onkeydown) 时,它都会被添加到 currentKeys 数组中。
  • 当按键被释放 (onkeyup) 时,阵列被重置,意味着此时没有按键被按下
  • 每次它都会检查快捷方式是否匹配。如果这样做,它将调用处理程序

答案 3 :(得分:1)

抓住密钥代码然后调用您的函数。此示例捕获 ESC 键并调用您的函数:

function getKey(key) {
    if ( key == null ) {
        keycode = event.keyCode;
    // To Mozilla
    } else {
        keycode = key.keyCode;
    }
    // Return the key in lower case form    
    if (keycode ==27){
        //alert(keycode);
        pauseSound();
        return false;
    }
    //return String.fromCharCode(keycode).toLowerCase();
}
$(document).ready( function (){
    $(document).keydown(function (eventObj){
        //alert("Keydown: The key is: "+getKey(eventObj));
        getKey(eventObj);
    });
});

此示例需要JQUERY

答案 4 :(得分:1)

如果你愿意,可以使用一些东西。你可以用它注册一堆密钥和处理程序。

评论在代码中,但我简短地说就是这样:
它在document上设置了一个监听器,并使用您要监听的组合键管理一个哈希值 *当您注册要监听的密钥(组合)时,您需要提交密钥代码(最好是从导出的“密钥”属性中获取的常量,您可以为自己添加更多常量),处理函数以及可能的选项哈希你在哪里说ctrl和/或alt键是否涉及你的这个键的计划。
*取消注册密钥(组合)时,只需提交密钥和ctrl / alt-ness的可选哈希值。

window.npup = (function keypressListener() {
    // Object to hold keyCode/handler mappings
    var mappings = {};
    // Default options for additional meta keys
    var defaultOptions = {ctrl:false, alt:false};
    // Flag for if we're running checks or not
    var active = false;

    // The function that gets called on keyup.
    // Tries to find a handler to execute
    function driver(event) {
        var keyCode = event.keyCode, ctrl = !!event.ctrlKey, alt = !!event.altKey;
        var key = buildKey(keyCode, ctrl, alt);
        var handler = mappings[key];
        if (handler) {handler(event);}
    }

    // Take the three props and make a string to use as key in the hash
    function buildKey(keyCode, ctrl, alt) {return (keyCode+'_'+ctrl+'_'+alt);}

    function listen(keyCode, handler, options) {
        // Build default options if there are none submitted
        options = options || defaultOptions;
        if (typeof handler!=='function') {throw new Error('Submit a handler for keyCode #'+keyCode+'(ctrl:'+!!options.ctrl+', alt:'+options.alt+')');}
        // Build a key and map handler for the key combination
        var key = buildKey(keyCode, !!options.ctrl, !!options.alt);
        mappings[key] = handler;
    }

    function unListen(keyCode, options) {
        // Build default options if there are none submitted
        options = options || defaultOptions;
        // Build a key and map handler for the key combination
        var key = buildKey(keyCode, !!options.ctrl, !!options.alt);
        // Delete what was found
        delete mappings[key];
    }

    // Rudimentary attempt att cross-browser-ness
    var xb = {
        addEventListener: function (element, eventName, handler) {
            if (element.attachEvent) {element.attachEvent('on'+eventName, handler);}
            else {element.addEventListener(eventName, handler, false);}
        }
        , removeEventListener: function (element, eventName, handler) {
            if (element.attachEvent) {element.detachEvent('on'+eventName, handler);}
            else {element.removeEventListener(eventName, handler, false);}
        }
    };

    function setActive(activate) {
        activate = (typeof activate==='undefined' || !!activate); // true is default
        if (activate===active) {return;} // already in the desired state, do nothing
        var addOrRemove = activate ? 'addEventListener' : 'removeEventListener';
        xb[addOrRemove](document, 'keyup', driver);
        active = activate;
    }

    // Activate on load
    setActive();

    // export API
    return {
        // Add/replace handler for a keycode.
        // Submit keycode, handler function and an optional hash with booleans for properties 'ctrl' and 'alt'
        listen: listen
        // Remove handler for a keycode
        // Submit keycode and an optional hash with booleans for properties 'ctrl' and 'alt'
        , unListen: unListen
        // Turn on or off the whole thing.
        // Submit a boolean. No arg means true
        , setActive: setActive
        // Keycode constants, fill in your own here
        , key : {
            VK_F1 : 112
            , VK_F2: 113
            , VK_A: 65
            , VK_B: 66
            , VK_C: 67
        }
    };
})();

// Small demo of listen and unListen
// Usage:
//   listen(key, handler [,options])
//   unListen(key, [,options])
npup.listen(npup.key.VK_F1, function (event) {
    console.log('F1, adding listener on \'B\'');
    npup.listen(npup.key.VK_B, function (event) {
        console.log('B');
    });
});
npup.listen(npup.key.VK_F2, function (event) {
    console.log('F2, removing listener on \'B\'');
    npup.unListen(npup.key.VK_B);
});
npup.listen(npup.key.VK_A, function (event) {
    console.log('ctrl-A');
}, {ctrl: true});
npup.listen(npup.key.VK_A, function (event) {
    console.log('ctrl-alt-A');
}, {ctrl: true, alt: true});
npup.listen(npup.key.VK_C, function (event) {
    console.log('ctrl-alt-C => It all ends!');
    npup.setActive(false);
}, {ctrl: true, alt: true});

它没有经过严格测试,但似乎工作正常。

查看http://www.cambiaresearch.com/c4/702b8cd1-e5b0-42e6-83ac-25f0306e3e25/Javascript-Char-Codes-Key-Codes.aspx以查找要使用的许多keyCodes,

答案 5 :(得分:1)

这对我有用

document.onkeyup=function(e){
  var e = e || window.event;
  if(e.which == 37) {
    $("#prev").click()
  }else if(e.which == 39){
    $("#next").click()
  }
}

答案 6 :(得分:1)

//For single key: Short cut key for 'Z'
document.onkeypress = function (e) {
    var evt = window.event || e;
    switch (evt.keyCode) {
        case 90:  
            // Call your method Here
            break;
    }

    //For combine keys like Alt+P
    document.onkeyup = function (e) {
        var evt = window.event || e;   
        if (evt.keyCode == 80 && evt.altKey) {
            // Call Your method here   
        }
    }

    //ensure if short cut keys are case sensitive.
    //    If its not case sensitive then
    //check with the evt.keyCode values for both upper case and lower case

答案 7 :(得分:1)

这些似乎都使用了已弃用的outvar dateString = "5/29/2018 | 1:21:42 PM"; // Time-zone stripped out if (DateTime.TryParseExact(dateString, "M/d/yyyy | h:m:s tt", CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, DateTimeStyles.None, out var theDate)) { Console.WriteLine(theDate); } else { Console.WriteLine("Unable to parse date"); } 属性。这是一个使用jQuery连接事件的非弃用版本:

keyCode

注意:可能已经指定了ctrl + t来打开新的浏览器选项卡

答案 8 :(得分:0)

解决方案:

var activeKeys = [];

//determine operating system
var os = false;
window.addEventListener('load', function() {
  var userAgent = navigator.appVersion;
  if (userAgent.indexOf("Win") != -1) os = "windows";
  if (userAgent.indexOf("Mac") != -1) os = "osx";
  if (userAgent.indexOf("X11") != -1) os = "unix";
  if (userAgent.indexOf("Linux") != -1) os = "linux";
});

window.addEventListener('keydown', function(e) {
  if (activeKeys.indexOf(e.which) == -1) {
    activeKeys.push(e.which);
  }

  if (os == 'osx') {

  } else {
    //use indexOf function to check for keys being pressed IE
    if (activeKeys.indexOf(17) != -1 && activeKeys.indexOf(86) != -1) {
      console.log('you are trying to paste with control+v keys');
    }
    /*
      the control and v keys (for paste)
      if(activeKeys.indexOf(17) != -1 && activeKeys.indexOf(86) != -1){
        command and v keys are being pressed
      }
    */
  }
});

window.addEventListener('keyup', function(e) {
  var result = activeKeys.indexOf(e.which);
  if (result != -1) {
    activeKeys.splice(result, 1);
  }
});

说明: 我遇到了同样的问题,想出了自己的解决方案。 e.metaKey似乎与Chrome和Safari中的keyup事件无关。但是,我不确定它是否特定于我的应用程序,因为我有其他算法阻止某些关键事件,我可能错误地阻止了元键。

此算法监视下降的键,然后将它们添加到当前正在按下的键列表中。释放后,密钥将从列表中删除。使用indexOf检查列表中的关键代码,检查列表中的同步键。