Question

我有两个2d数组（指向unsigned的指针），我想交换它们。首先，我开始编写1d指针数组的代码。这非常有效：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

void swap(unsigned **a, unsigned **b) {
  unsigned * tmp = *a;
  *a = *b;
  *b = tmp;
}

int main() {
  size_t x;
  unsigned *a = (unsigned*) malloc(10*sizeof(unsigned));
  unsigned *b = (unsigned*) malloc(10*sizeof(unsigned));

  for(x=0;x<10;x++) a[x] = 1;
  for(x=0;x<10;x++) b[x] = 0;

  printf("%u %u\n",a[5],b[5]);
  swap(&a, &b);
  printf("%u %u\n",a[5],b[5]);
  return 0;
}

我以为我可以为2D阵列做类似的事情。这是我的尝试：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

void swap(unsigned ***a, unsigned ***b) {
  unsigned ** tmp = **a;
  **a = **b;
  **b = tmp;
}

int main() {
  size_t x,y;
  unsigned **a = (unsigned**) malloc(10*sizeof(unsigned*));
  unsigned **b = (unsigned**) malloc(10*sizeof(unsigned*));
  for(x=0;x<10;x++)
  {
    a[x] = malloc(10*sizeof(unsigned));
    b[x] = malloc(10*sizeof(unsigned));
  }

  for(x=0;x<10;x++) for(y=0;y<10;y++) a[x][y] = 1;
  for(x=0;x<10;x++) for(y=0;y<10;y++) b[x][y] = 0;

  printf("%u %u\n",a[5][5],b[5][5]);
  swap(&a, &b);
  printf("%u %u\n",a[5][5],b[5][5]);
  return 0;
}

我收到两个编译器警告：

$ gcc -g -Wall test.c
test.c: In function ‘swap’:
test.c:5:21: warning: initialization from incompatible pointer type [enabled by default]
test.c:7:7: warning: assignment from incompatible pointer type [enabled by default]

我试图理解警告，但我仍然不理解它们。我不知道我的代码有什么问题。

Answer 1

swap函数中的derefencings太多：

void swap(unsigned ***a, unsigned ***b) {
  unsigned ** tmp = *a;
  *a = *b;
  *b = tmp;
}

您想要访问指针的内容，因此您只需要取消引用一次（与原始函数相同）。

Answer 2

您要做的就是交换指针，*a指的是a[][]的位置。所以@didirec说，太多的derefences !!

在C中交换2d数组（指针指针）

2 个答案: