我正在开发一个C ++库,我正在使用gtest进行单元测试。我想将ASSERT_ *语句添加到库代码本身,而不仅仅是单元测试代码。如果代码在单元测试下运行,我希望这些ASSERTions导致单元测试失败,如果代码没有在unite测试下运行,我希望转为常规断言。
类似的东西:
if(gtest::is_running)
ASSERT_TRUE(...);
else
assert(...);
我怎样才能做到这一点?
答案 0 :(得分:2)
即使这在技术上是可行的(我也不认为),我真的不相信让你的生产代码依赖于测试框架是一个好主意。
主要原因是健壮性,关注点分离和解耦:在生产代码中引入特定于测试的条件会使代码更难以理解,并且可能会降低测试套件的可信度(毕竟,您的测试获胜并且#39 ; t强调生产代码将经历的完全相同的路径。)
此外,有一天您可能想要在测试环境中更改某些内容(例如,单元测试框架的版本或单元测试框架本身),并且此依赖关系可能会强制您相应地修改生产代码,引入新bug的风险。
如果要验证的是,当客户端违反函数的前提条件时(例如,如果要测试前提条件是否被您的断言正确验证),您的断言实际触发,则this proposal可能与你有关,以及启发它的图书馆Bloomberg's BDE。
如果这不是您项目的可行技术,也许您可以考虑采用基于依赖性倒置的策略。最简单的方法是:
Verifier
定义一个抽象类verify()
,其中bool
; AssertingVerifier
类(将在生产代码中使用)覆盖verify()
并将其参数转发给assert()
。 Verifier
和AssertVerifier
都会存在于您的生产代码中; GracefulTestVerifier
,它将覆盖verify()
并将其参数转发给ASSERT_TRUE()
- 或者执行您认为最合适的任何操作; < / LI>
Verifier
注入生产代码的最佳方法 - 存在多种可能性,但要知道哪一种最适合,需要详细了解您的设计。然后,您将在常规执行环境中注入AssertVerifier
,在测试环境中注入GracefulTestVerifier
。这样,执行可以从生产代码流向测试框架,而生产代码在物理上不依赖于测试框架本身。
答案 1 :(得分:1)
从另一个方向接近这个怎么样?而不是改变你的gtest行为,改变你的断言的行为。
例如, Boost.Assert提供了一个BOOST_ASSERT
宏,默认情况下,其行为与assert
相同。但是,如果定义了BOOST_ENABLE_ASSERT_HANDLER
,那么它会查找您必须提供的::boost::assertion_failed
函数。您可以设计库代码,使用标准断言行为在测试套件之外构建,并使用::boost::assertion_failed
在测试套件内调用gtest的FAIL()
。
如果你不想使用Boost,那么自己实现类似的东西是微不足道的。
这需要两次构建您的库(一次用于测试套件,一次用于常规用途),这可能不符合您的总体目标。
答案 2 :(得分:1)
您可以使用预处理程序指令。
使用gtest编译时,请告诉编译器定义类似“GTEST_ON”的内容,然后在代码中:
#ifdef GTEST_ON
ASSERT_TRUE(...);
#else
assert(...);
#endif
答案 3 :(得分:1)
以下是@Josh Kelley的建议后我最终要做的事情:
我已从assert
切换到BOOST_ASSERT
。
我没有包含boost/assert.hpp
我添加了自己的包含Boost文件的assert.hpp
文件,而是定义了BOOST_ENABLE_ASSERT_HANDLER
和一个BOOST_ASSERT_HANDLER
函数指针(与Boost完全相同的类型)断言处理程序)。
我还包括了我自己的Boost断言处理程序(::boost::assertion_failed
),它将断言信息输出到std::cerr
并调用BOOST_ASSERT_HANDLER
指向的函数(如果存在)。如果没有,那只是assert(false)
s。
在我的测试主程中,我将BOOST_ASSERT_HANDLER指向一个只调用EXPECT_FALSE(true)
的函数。
就是这样。现在我可以在不在gtest下运行时使用普通断言,并且在gtest下运行时gtest-integrated断言。
答案 4 :(得分:0)
我基本上使用这些来源。他们非常独立。
要使其有效,您必须执行以下步骤:
cmake
很容易)。UNIT_TESTS
定义,但尚未用于基准测试。utility/assert.hpp
标题包含之前,将gtest/gtest.hpp
包含在单元测试和主项目的主标题中。ASSERT_TRUE
/ ASSERT_EQ
/ etc代替assert
宏 注意:如果是基准测试,则不应定义UNIT_TESTS
定义,否则断言定义会降低执行速度。
<强>效用/ assert.hpp 强>
<强> UPD1 强>
&#39;
#pragma once
#include "debug.hpp"
#ifdef UNIT_TESTS
#include <gtest/gtest.h>
#endif
#include <cassert>
#define ASSERT_FAIL_BREAK_ON_ATTACHED_DEBUGGER(exp, precondition) \
if (!(precondition)); else if(!!(exp)); else ::utility::debug_break()
#ifdef GTEST_FAIL
#ifdef _MSC_VER
#if _MSC_VER < 1600 // < MSVC++ 10 (Visual Studio 2010)
#error lambda is not supported
#endif
#else
#if __cplusplus < 201103L
#error lambda is not supported
#endif
#endif
// TIPS:
// * all lambdas captured by reference because of the error in the MSVC 2015:
// `error C3493 : '...' cannot be implicitly captured because no default capture mode has been specified`
// * if debugger is attached but `::testing::GTEST_FLAG(break_on_failure)` has not been setted,
// then an assertion does a post break.
// gtest asserts rebind with the `void` error workaround (C++11 and higher is required)
#undef ASSERT_TRUE
#define ASSERT_TRUE(condition) [&]() -> void { \
const bool is_success = ::utility::is_true(condition); \
const bool break_on_failure = ::testing::GTEST_FLAG(break_on_failure); \
if (break_on_failure) { \
GTEST_TEST_BOOLEAN_(is_success, #condition, false, true, GTEST_FATAL_FAILURE_); \
} else { \
GTEST_TEST_BOOLEAN_(is_success, #condition, false, true, GTEST_NONFATAL_FAILURE_); \
} \
ASSERT_FAIL_BREAK_ON_ATTACHED_DEBUGGER(is_success, !break_on_failure); \
}()
#undef ASSERT_FALSE
#define ASSERT_FALSE(condition) [&]() -> void { \
const bool is_success = ::utility::is_false(condition); \
const bool break_on_failure = ::testing::GTEST_FLAG(break_on_failure); \
if (break_on_failure) { \
GTEST_TEST_BOOLEAN_(is_success, #condition, true, false, GTEST_FATAL_FAILURE_); \
} else { \
GTEST_TEST_BOOLEAN_(is_success, #condition, true, false, GTEST_NONFATAL_FAILURE_); \
} \
ASSERT_FAIL_BREAK_ON_ATTACHED_DEBUGGER(is_success, !break_on_failure); \
}()
#if !GTEST_DONT_DEFINE_ASSERT_EQ
#undef ASSERT_EQ
#define ASSERT_EQ(val1, val2) [&]() -> void { \
const ::testing::AssertionResult exp_value = ::testing::internal::EqHelper<GTEST_IS_NULL_LITERAL_(val1)>::Compare(#val1, #val2, val1, val2); \
const bool break_on_failure = ::testing::GTEST_FLAG(break_on_failure); \
if (break_on_failure) { \
GTEST_ASSERT_(exp_value, GTEST_FATAL_FAILURE_); \
} else { \
GTEST_ASSERT_(exp_value, GTEST_NONFATAL_FAILURE_); \
} \
ASSERT_FAIL_BREAK_ON_ATTACHED_DEBUGGER(exp_value, !break_on_failure); \
}()
#endif
#if !GTEST_DONT_DEFINE_ASSERT_NE
#undef ASSERT_NE
#define ASSERT_NE(val1, val2) [&]() -> void { \
const ::testing::AssertionResult exp_value = ::testing::internal::CmpHelperNE(#val1, #val2, val1, val2); \
const bool break_on_failure = ::testing::GTEST_FLAG(break_on_failure); \
if (break_on_failure) { \
GTEST_ASSERT_(exp_value, GTEST_FATAL_FAILURE_); \
} else { \
GTEST_ASSERT_(exp_value, GTEST_NONFATAL_FAILURE_); \
} \
ASSERT_FAIL_BREAK_ON_ATTACHED_DEBUGGER(exp_value, !break_on_failure); \
}()
#endif
#if !GTEST_DONT_DEFINE_ASSERT_LE
#undef ASSERT_LE
#define ASSERT_LE(val1, val2) [&]() -> void { \
const ::testing::AssertionResult exp_value = ::testing::internal::CmpHelperLE(#val1, #val2, val1, val2); \
const bool break_on_failure = ::testing::GTEST_FLAG(break_on_failure); \
if (break_on_failure) { \
GTEST_ASSERT_(exp_value, GTEST_FATAL_FAILURE_); \
} else { \
GTEST_ASSERT_(exp_value, GTEST_NONFATAL_FAILURE_); \
} \
ASSERT_FAIL_BREAK_ON_ATTACHED_DEBUGGER(exp_value, !break_on_failure); \
}()
#endif
#if !GTEST_DONT_DEFINE_ASSERT_LT
#undef ASSERT_LT
#define ASSERT_LT(val1, val2) [&]() -> void { \
const ::testing::AssertionResult exp_value = ::testing::internal::CmpHelperLT(#val1, #val2, val1, val2); \
const bool break_on_failure = ::testing::GTEST_FLAG(break_on_failure); \
if (break_on_failure) { \
GTEST_ASSERT_(exp_value, GTEST_FATAL_FAILURE_); \
} else { \
GTEST_ASSERT_(exp_value, GTEST_NONFATAL_FAILURE_); \
} \
ASSERT_FAIL_BREAK_ON_ATTACHED_DEBUGGER(exp_value, !break_on_failure); \
}()
#endif
#if !GTEST_DONT_DEFINE_ASSERT_GE
#undef ASSERT_GE
#define ASSERT_GE(val1, val2) [&]() -> void { \
const ::testing::AssertionResult exp_value = ::testing::internal::CmpHelperGE(#val1, #val2, val1, val2); \
const bool break_on_failure = ::testing::GTEST_FLAG(break_on_failure); \
if (break_on_failure) { \
GTEST_ASSERT_(exp_value, GTEST_FATAL_FAILURE_); \
} else { \
GTEST_ASSERT_(exp_value, GTEST_NONFATAL_FAILURE_); \
} \
ASSERT_FAIL_BREAK_ON_ATTACHED_DEBUGGER(exp_value, !break_on_failure); \
}()
#endif
#if !GTEST_DONT_DEFINE_ASSERT_GT
#undef ASSERT_GT
#define ASSERT_GT(val1, val2) [&]() -> void { \
const ::testing::AssertionResult exp_value = ::testing::internal::CmpHelperGT(#val1, #val2, val1, val2); \
const bool break_on_failure = ::testing::GTEST_FLAG(break_on_failure); \
if (break_on_failure) { \
GTEST_ASSERT_(exp_value, GTEST_FATAL_FAILURE_); \
} else { \
GTEST_ASSERT_(exp_value, GTEST_NONFATAL_FAILURE_); \
} \
ASSERT_FAIL_BREAK_ON_ATTACHED_DEBUGGER(exp_value, !break_on_failure); \
}()
#endif
#define ASSERT(x) ASSERT_TRUE(x)
#else
#ifndef ASSERT_IMPL
#define ASSERT_IMPL(exp) assert(exp)
#endif
#ifdef _DEBUG
#define ASSERT_TRUE(exp) ASSERT_IMPL(exp)
#define ASSERT_FALSE(exp) ASSERT_IMPL(!(exp))
#define ASSERT_EQ(v1, v2) ASSERT_IMPL((v1) == (v2))
#define ASSERT_NE(v1, v2) ASSERT_IMPL((v1) != (v2)))
#define ASSERT_LE(v1, v2) ASSERT_IMPL((v1) <= (v2))
#define ASSERT_LT(v1, v2) ASSERT_IMPL((v1) < (v2))
#define ASSERT_GE(v1, v2) ASSERT_IMPL((v1) >= (v2))
#define ASSERT_GT(v1, v2) ASSERT_IMPL((v1) > (v2))
#define ASSERT(exp) ASSERT_IMPL(exp)
#else
#define ASSERT_TRUE(exp) (::utility::is_true(exp), (void)0)
#define ASSERT_FALSE(exp) (::utility::is_false(exp), (void)0))
#define ASSERT_EQ(v1, v2) (::utility::is_equal(v1, v2), (void)0)
#define ASSERT_NE(v1, v2) (::utility::is_not_equal(v1, v2), (void)0)
#define ASSERT_LE(v1, v2) (::utility::is_less_or_equal(v1, v2), (void)0)
#define ASSERT_LT(v1, v2) (::utility::is_less(v1, v2), (void)0)
#define ASSERT_GE(v1, v2) (::utility::is_greater_or_equal(v1, v2), (void)0)
#define ASSERT_GT(v1, v2) (::utility::is_greater(v1, v2), (void)0)
#define ASSERT(exp) ::utility::is_true(exp)
#endif
#endif
namespace utility
{
// TIPS:
// * to capture parameters by reference in macro definitions for single evaluation
// * to suppress `unused variable` warnings like: `warning C4101: '...': unreferenced local variable`
template<typename T>
inline bool is_true(const T & v)
{
return !!v; // to avoid warnings of truncation to bool
}
template<typename T>
inline bool is_false(const T & v)
{
return !v; // to avoid warnings of truncation to bool
}
template<typename T1, typename T2>
inline bool is_equal(const T1 & v1, const T2 & v2)
{
return v1 == v2;
}
template<typename T1, typename T2>
inline bool is_not_equal(const T1 & v1, const T2 & v2)
{
return v1 != v2;
}
template<typename T1, typename T2>
inline bool is_less_or_equal(const T1 & v1, const T2 & v2)
{
return v1 <= v2;
}
template<typename T1, typename T2>
inline bool is_less(const T1 & v1, const T2 & v2)
{
return v1 < v2;
}
template<typename T1, typename T2>
inline bool is_greater_or_equal(const T1 & v1, const T2 & v2)
{
return v1 >= v2;
}
template<typename T1, typename T2>
inline bool is_greater(const T1 & v1, const T2 & v2)
{
return v1 > v2;
}
}
<强>效用/ debug.hpp 强>
#pragma once
namespace utility
{
void debug_break(bool breakCondition = true);
bool is_under_debugger();
}
<强>效用/ debug.cpp 强>
#include "debug.hpp"
#include "platform.hpp"
#if defined(UTILITY_PLATFORM_WINDOWS)
#include <windows.h>
#include <intrin.h>
#elif defined(UTILITY_PLATFORM_POSIX)
#include <sys/ptrace.h>
#include <signal.h>
static void signal_handler(int) { }
#else
#error is_under_debugger is not supported for this platform
#endif
namespace utility {
void debug_break(bool breakCondition)
{
// avoid signal if not under debugger
if (breakCondition && is_under_debugger()) {
#if defined(UTILITY_COMPILER_CXX_MSC)
__debugbreak(); // won't require debug symbols to show the call stack, when the DebugBreak() will require system debug symbols to show the call stack correctly
#elif defined(UTILITY_PLATFORM_POSIX)
signal(SIGTRAP, signal_handler);
#else
#error debug_break is not supported for this platform
#endif
}
}
bool is_under_debugger()
{
#if defined(UTILITY_PLATFORM_WINDOWS)
return !!::IsDebuggerPresent();
#elif defined(UTILITY_PLATFORM_POSIX)
return ptrace(PTRACE_TRACEME, 0, NULL, 0) == -1;
#endif
}
}
<强>效用/ platform.hpp 强>
#pragma once
// linux, also other platforms (Hurd etc) that use GLIBC, should these really have their own config headers though?
#if defined(linux) || defined(__linux) || defined(__linux__) || defined(__GNU__) || defined(__GLIBC__)
# define UTILITY_PLATFORM_LINUX
# define UTILITY_PLATFORM_POSIX
# if defined(__mcbc__)
# define UTILITY_PLATFORM_MCBC
# define UTILITY_PLATFORM_SHORT_NAME "MCBC"
# elif defined( __astra_linux__ )
# define UTILITY_PLATFORM_ASTRA_LINUX
# define UTILITY_PLATFORM_SHORT_NAME "Astra Linux"
# else
# define UTILITY_PLATFORM_SHORT_NAME "Linux"
# endif
#elif defined(__FreeBSD__) || defined(__NetBSD__) || defined(__OpenBSD__) || defined(__DragonFly__) // BSD:
# define UTILITY_PLATFORM_BSD
# define UTILITY_PLATFORM_POSIX
# define UTILITY_PLATFORM_SHORT_NAME "BSD"
#elif defined(sun) || defined(__sun) // solaris:
# define UTILITY_PLATFORM_SOLARIS
# define UTILITY_PLATFORM_POSIX
# define UTILITY_PLATFORM_SHORT_NAME "Solaris"
#elif defined(__CYGWIN__) // cygwin is not win32:
# define UTILITY_PLATFORM_CYGWIN
# define UTILITY_PLATFORM_POSIX
# define UTILITY_PLATFORM_SHORT_NAME "Cygwin"
#elif defined(_WIN32) || defined(__WIN32__) || defined(WIN32) // win32:
# define UTILITY_PLATFORM_WINDOWS
# define UTILITY_PLATFORM_SHORT_NAME "Windows"
# if defined(__MINGW32__) // Get the information about the MinGW runtime, i.e. __MINGW32_*VERSION.
# include <_mingw.h>
# endif
#elif defined(macintosh) || defined(__APPLE__) || defined(__APPLE_CC__) // MacOS
# define UTILITY_PLATFORM_APPLE
# define UTILITY_PLATFORM_POSIX
# define UTILITY_PLATFORM_SHORT_NAME "MacOS"
#elif defined(__QNXNTO__) // QNX:
# define UTILITY_PLATFORM_QNIX
# define UTILITY_PLATFORM_POSIX
# define UTILITY_PLATFORM_SHORT_NAME "QNX"
#elif defined(unix) || defined(__unix) || defined(_XOPEN_SOURCE) || defined(_POSIX_SOURCE)
# define UTILITY_PLATFORM_UNIX
# define UTILITY_PLATFORM_POSIX
# define UTILITY_PLATFORM_SHORT_NAME "Unix"
#else
# error Unknown platform
#endif
#if defined(__GNUC__)
# define UTILITY_COMPILER_CXX_GCC
# define UTILITY_COMPILER_CXX "gcc"
# define UTILITY_COMPILER_CXX_VERSION __GNUC__
# if __GNUC__ < 4
# error "Unsuported gcc version"
# endif
#elif defined(_MSC_VER)
# define UTILITY_COMPILER_CXX_MSC
# define UTILITY_COMPILER_CXX "MS VisualC"
# define UTILITY_COMPILER_CXX_VERSION _MSC_VER
#else
# error "Unknown compiler"
#endif