Question

我正在构建我的第一个MVC 5 / Entity Framework应用程序。我使用数据库第一种方法从现有的SQL服务器中提取数据。现有的SQL数据库从单独的Web表单.net应用程序接收它的数据。

接下来，新的MVC应用程序和现有的Web表单应用程序将共享数据库。

我正在使用Identity在MVC应用程序中创建用户帐户。所以在这一点上，我的MVC应用程序中有2个数据连接。一个用于用户帐户，另一个用于现有SQL服务器。

这是设置MVC项目的最佳方式吗？继续，我能从Web表单应用程序访问用户数据库吗？

我是新手，我想确保我正确设置它。

Answer 1

是否会将用户表添加到现有的sql server中，或者是这个用户数据库是一个完全独立的数据库吗？

您不需要两个数据库 - 您可以在现有数据库中创建标识表。

ASP.Net Identity使用实体框架代码优先。因此，在第一次运行应用程序之前，您希望更新与现有数据库相同的连接字符串，该数据库通常位于 ApplicationDbContext 内。

enter image description here

如果您已经有两个单独的数据库并想要合并它们，则需要使用RedGate等工具 - SQL Compare和Data Compare。

合并两个数据库完全不是原始问题;如果您有问题，请另外提出一个问题。

Answer 2

在数据库上运行此SQL脚本。

/****** Object:  Table [dbo].[AspNetRoles]    Script Date: 15-Mar-17 10:27:06 PM ******/

SET ANSI_NULLS ON

GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON

GO

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[AspNetRoles](

    [Id] [nvarchar](128) NOT NULL,

    [Name] [nvarchar](256) NOT NULL,

CONSTRAINT [PK_dbo.AspNetRoles] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED

(

    [Id] ASC

)WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY]

) ON [PRIMARY]



GO

/****** Object:  Table [dbo].[AspNetUserClaims]    Script Date: 15-Mar-17 10:27:06 PM ******/

SET ANSI_NULLS ON

GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON

GO

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[AspNetUserClaims](

    [Id] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,

    [UserId] [nvarchar](128) NOT NULL,

    [ClaimType] [nvarchar](max) NULL,

    [ClaimValue] [nvarchar](max) NULL,

CONSTRAINT [PK_dbo.AspNetUserClaims] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED

(

    [Id] ASC

)WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY]

) ON [PRIMARY] TEXTIMAGE_ON [PRIMARY]



GO

/****** Object:  Table [dbo].[AspNetUserLogins]    Script Date: 15-Mar-17 10:27:06 PM ******/

SET ANSI_NULLS ON

GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON

GO

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[AspNetUserLogins](

    [LoginProvider] [nvarchar](128) NOT NULL,

    [ProviderKey] [nvarchar](128) NOT NULL,

    [UserId] [nvarchar](128) NOT NULL,

CONSTRAINT [PK_dbo.AspNetUserLogins] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED

(

    [LoginProvider] ASC,

    [ProviderKey] ASC,

    [UserId] ASC

)WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY]

) ON [PRIMARY]



GO

/****** Object:  Table [dbo].[AspNetUserRoles]    Script Date: 15-Mar-17 10:27:06 PM ******/

SET ANSI_NULLS ON

GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON

GO

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[AspNetUserRoles](

    [UserId] [nvarchar](128) NOT NULL,

    [RoleId] [nvarchar](128) NOT NULL,

CONSTRAINT [PK_dbo.AspNetUserRoles] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED

(

    [UserId] ASC,

    [RoleId] ASC

)WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY]

) ON [PRIMARY]



GO

/****** Object:  Table [dbo].[AspNetUsers]    Script Date: 15-Mar-17 10:27:06 PM ******/

SET ANSI_NULLS ON

GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON

GO

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[AspNetUsers](

    [Id] [nvarchar](128) NOT NULL,

    [Email] [nvarchar](256) NULL,

    [EmailConfirmed] [bit] NOT NULL,

    [PasswordHash] [nvarchar](max) NULL,

    [SecurityStamp] [nvarchar](max) NULL,

    [PhoneNumber] [nvarchar](max) NULL,

    [PhoneNumberConfirmed] [bit] NOT NULL,

    [TwoFactorEnabled] [bit] NOT NULL,

    [LockoutEndDateUtc] [datetime] NULL,

    [LockoutEnabled] [bit] NOT NULL,

    [AccessFailedCount] [int] NOT NULL,

    [UserName] [nvarchar](256) NOT NULL,

CONSTRAINT [PK_dbo.AspNetUsers] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED

(

    [Id] ASC

)WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY]

) ON [PRIMARY] TEXTIMAGE_ON [PRIMARY]



GO

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[AspNetUserClaims]  WITH CHECK ADD  CONSTRAINT [FK_dbo.AspNetUserClaims_dbo.AspNetUsers_UserId] FOREIGN KEY([UserId])

REFERENCES [dbo].[AspNetUsers] ([Id])

ON DELETE CASCADE

GO

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[AspNetUserClaims] CHECK CONSTRAINT [FK_dbo.AspNetUserClaims_dbo.AspNetUsers_UserId]

GO

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[AspNetUserLogins]  WITH CHECK ADD  CONSTRAINT [FK_dbo.AspNetUserLogins_dbo.AspNetUsers_UserId] FOREIGN KEY([UserId])

REFERENCES [dbo].[AspNetUsers] ([Id])

ON DELETE CASCADE

GO

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[AspNetUserLogins] CHECK CONSTRAINT [FK_dbo.AspNetUserLogins_dbo.AspNetUsers_UserId]

GO

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[AspNetUserRoles]  WITH CHECK ADD  CONSTRAINT [FK_dbo.AspNetUserRoles_dbo.AspNetRoles_RoleId] FOREIGN KEY([RoleId])

REFERENCES [dbo].[AspNetRoles] ([Id])

ON DELETE CASCADE

GO

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[AspNetUserRoles] CHECK CONSTRAINT [FK_dbo.AspNetUserRoles_dbo.AspNetRoles_RoleId]

GO

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[AspNetUserRoles]  WITH CHECK ADD  CONSTRAINT [FK_dbo.AspNetUserRoles_dbo.AspNetUsers_UserId] FOREIGN KEY([UserId])

REFERENCES [dbo].[AspNetUsers] ([Id])

ON DELETE CASCADE

GO

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[AspNetUserRoles] CHECK CONSTRAINT [FK_dbo.AspNetUserRoles_dbo.AspNetUsers_UserId]

GO

Answer 3

使用DB First，更改连接字符串不会导致Identity 2.0在数据库中创建表。

更正：我最初在身份模式下的数据库中拥有我的身份表，当我使用下面的方式注册新用户时，新表在dbo模式下写入我的数据库。

您必须首先使用Code First创建一个虚拟项目，构建并运行项目，在Web浏览器中转到正在运行的应用程序，使用虚拟电子邮件和密码注册用户，这将导致实体FrameWork Code First（？）在虚拟数据库中创建所有Identity 2.0 DB表。然后，您将要将虚拟表导出到SQL脚本并将它们导入到您要使用它们的现有数据库中。应该有5个表：AspNetUserRoles，AspNetRoles，AspNetUsers，AspNetUserClaims和AspNetUserLogins。

我的主要数据库模型有一个ADO.Net实体模型（.edmx文件），并为身份模型创建了另一个.edmx（我命名为：IdentityDbEntities）。那是你应该从＆＃34; DefaultConnection＆＃34;：

更改连接字符串的时候

    public class ApplicationDbContext : IdentityDbContext<ApplicationUser>
    {
        public ApplicationDbContext()
            : base("IdentityDbEntitiesString", throwIfV1Schema: false)
        {
        }

非常重要：在Web.config文件中，您必须添加一个您将在上面使用的额外连接字符串。看起来（我正在使用SQL Server Dev环境，因此您的连接字符串可能会发生变化）：

  <connectionStrings>
    <add name="IdentityDbEntitiesString" 
     connectionString="Data Source=#MyServerAddress#; 
        Initial Catalog=#DbName#; 
        Integrated Security=SSPI;" 
     providerName="System.Data.SqlClient" />
    <add name="IdentityDbEntities" 
     connectionString="metadata=res://*/Models.IdentityModel.csdl|
        res://*/Models.IdentityModel.ssdl|
        res://*/Models.IdentityModel.msl;
     provider=System.Data.SqlClient;
     provider connection string=&quot;
     data source=#MyServerAddress#;
     initial catalog=#DbName#;
     integrated security=True;multipleactiveresultsets=True;
     application name=EntityFramework&quot;" 
     providerName="System.Data.EntityClient" />         </connectionStrings>

＃DbName＃中的所有内容都将自定义。

Answer 4

我做了一系列步骤：

步骤1 。使用类似于您现有项目的模板创建一个全新的（临时）项目。创建新项目时，必须选择具有“身份”和“个人...”的选项。

第2步。您已经有一个项目。添加脚手架项目...选择身份...

第3步。打开Package Manager Console，运行命令

Update-Database

您将在这样的控制台上看到（与您的不完全一样，因为我使用的是Visual Studio，.NET Core框架的新版本，发布时间等）

Each package is licensed to you by its owner. NuGet is not responsible for, nor does it grant any licenses to, third-party packages. Some packages may include dependencies which are governed by additional licenses. Follow the package source (feed) URL to determine any dependencies.

Package Manager Console Host Version 5.5.0.6293

Type 'get-help NuGet' to see all available NuGet commands.

PM> Update-Database
Build started...
Build succeeded.
Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Infrastructure[10403]
      Entity Framework Core 3.1.1 initialized 'ApplicationDbContext' using provider 'Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.SqlServer' with options: None
Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command[20101]
      Executed DbCommand (15ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      SELECT 1
Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command[20101]
      Executed DbCommand (13ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      SELECT OBJECT_ID(N'[__EFMigrationsHistory]');
Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command[20101]
      Executed DbCommand (1ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      SELECT 1
Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command[20101]
      Executed DbCommand (3ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      CREATE TABLE [__EFMigrationsHistory] (
          [MigrationId] nvarchar(150) NOT NULL,
          [ProductVersion] nvarchar(32) NOT NULL,
          CONSTRAINT [PK___EFMigrationsHistory] PRIMARY KEY ([MigrationId])
      );
Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command[20101]
      Executed DbCommand (0ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      SELECT 1
Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command[20101]
      Executed DbCommand (1ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      SELECT OBJECT_ID(N'[__EFMigrationsHistory]');
Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command[20101]
      Executed DbCommand (2ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      SELECT [MigrationId], [ProductVersion]
      FROM [__EFMigrationsHistory]
      ORDER BY [MigrationId];
Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Migrations[20402]
      Applying migration '00000000000000_CreateIdentitySchema'.
Applying migration '00000000000000_CreateIdentitySchema'.
Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command[20101]
      Executed DbCommand (2ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      CREATE TABLE [AspNetRoles] (
          [Id] nvarchar(450) NOT NULL,
          [Name] nvarchar(256) NULL,
          [NormalizedName] nvarchar(256) NULL,
          [ConcurrencyStamp] nvarchar(max) NULL,
          CONSTRAINT [PK_AspNetRoles] PRIMARY KEY ([Id])
      );
Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command[20101]
      Executed DbCommand (1ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      CREATE TABLE [AspNetUsers] (
          [Id] nvarchar(450) NOT NULL,
          [UserName] nvarchar(256) NULL,
          [NormalizedUserName] nvarchar(256) NULL,
          [Email] nvarchar(256) NULL,
          [NormalizedEmail] nvarchar(256) NULL,
          [EmailConfirmed] bit NOT NULL,
          [PasswordHash] nvarchar(max) NULL,
          [SecurityStamp] nvarchar(max) NULL,
          [ConcurrencyStamp] nvarchar(max) NULL,
          [PhoneNumber] nvarchar(max) NULL,
          [PhoneNumberConfirmed] bit NOT NULL,
          [TwoFactorEnabled] bit NOT NULL,
          [LockoutEnd] datetimeoffset NULL,
          [LockoutEnabled] bit NOT NULL,
          [AccessFailedCount] int NOT NULL,
          CONSTRAINT [PK_AspNetUsers] PRIMARY KEY ([Id])
      );
Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command[20101]
      Executed DbCommand (1ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      CREATE TABLE [AspNetRoleClaims] (
          [Id] int NOT NULL IDENTITY,
          [RoleId] nvarchar(450) NOT NULL,
          [ClaimType] nvarchar(max) NULL,
          [ClaimValue] nvarchar(max) NULL,
          CONSTRAINT [PK_AspNetRoleClaims] PRIMARY KEY ([Id]),
          CONSTRAINT [FK_AspNetRoleClaims_AspNetRoles_RoleId] FOREIGN KEY ([RoleId]) REFERENCES [AspNetRoles] ([Id]) ON DELETE CASCADE
      );
Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command[20101]
      Executed DbCommand (1ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      CREATE TABLE [AspNetUserClaims] (
          [Id] int NOT NULL IDENTITY,
          [UserId] nvarchar(450) NOT NULL,
          [ClaimType] nvarchar(max) NULL,
          [ClaimValue] nvarchar(max) NULL,
          CONSTRAINT [PK_AspNetUserClaims] PRIMARY KEY ([Id]),
          CONSTRAINT [FK_AspNetUserClaims_AspNetUsers_UserId] FOREIGN KEY ([UserId]) REFERENCES [AspNetUsers] ([Id]) ON DELETE CASCADE
      );
Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command[20101]
      Executed DbCommand (2ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      CREATE TABLE [AspNetUserLogins] (
          [LoginProvider] nvarchar(128) NOT NULL,
          [ProviderKey] nvarchar(128) NOT NULL,
          [ProviderDisplayName] nvarchar(max) NULL,
          [UserId] nvarchar(450) NOT NULL,
          CONSTRAINT [PK_AspNetUserLogins] PRIMARY KEY ([LoginProvider], [ProviderKey]),
          CONSTRAINT [FK_AspNetUserLogins_AspNetUsers_UserId] FOREIGN KEY ([UserId]) REFERENCES [AspNetUsers] ([Id]) ON DELETE CASCADE
      );
Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command[20101]
      Executed DbCommand (2ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      CREATE TABLE [AspNetUserRoles] (
          [UserId] nvarchar(450) NOT NULL,
          [RoleId] nvarchar(450) NOT NULL,
          CONSTRAINT [PK_AspNetUserRoles] PRIMARY KEY ([UserId], [RoleId]),
          CONSTRAINT [FK_AspNetUserRoles_AspNetRoles_RoleId] FOREIGN KEY ([RoleId]) REFERENCES [AspNetRoles] ([Id]) ON DELETE CASCADE,
          CONSTRAINT [FK_AspNetUserRoles_AspNetUsers_UserId] FOREIGN KEY ([UserId]) REFERENCES [AspNetUsers] ([Id]) ON DELETE CASCADE
      );
Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command[20101]
      Executed DbCommand (2ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      CREATE TABLE [AspNetUserTokens] (
          [UserId] nvarchar(450) NOT NULL,
          [LoginProvider] nvarchar(128) NOT NULL,
          [Name] nvarchar(128) NOT NULL,
          [Value] nvarchar(max) NULL,
          CONSTRAINT [PK_AspNetUserTokens] PRIMARY KEY ([UserId], [LoginProvider], [Name]),
          CONSTRAINT [FK_AspNetUserTokens_AspNetUsers_UserId] FOREIGN KEY ([UserId]) REFERENCES [AspNetUsers] ([Id]) ON DELETE CASCADE
      );
Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command[20101]
      Executed DbCommand (1ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      CREATE INDEX [IX_AspNetRoleClaims_RoleId] ON [AspNetRoleClaims] ([RoleId]);
infoverbose: Executed DbCommand (1ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
: Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command[20101]
      Executed DbCommand (1ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      CREATE UNIQUE INDEX [RoleNameIndex] ON [AspNetRoles] ([NormalizedName]) WHERE [NormalizedName] IS NOT NULL;
infoverbose: Executed DbCommand (1ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
: Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command[20101]
      Executed DbCommand (1ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      CREATE INDEX [IX_AspNetUserClaims_UserId] ON [AspNetUserClaims] ([UserId]);
infoverbose: Executed DbCommand (1ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
: Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command[20101]
      Executed DbCommand (1ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      CREATE INDEX [IX_AspNetUserLogins_UserId] ON [AspNetUserLogins] ([UserId]);
Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command[20101]
      Executed DbCommand (1ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      CREATE INDEX [IX_AspNetUserRoles_RoleId] ON [AspNetUserRoles] ([RoleId]);
Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command[20101]
      Executed DbCommand (1ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      CREATE INDEX [EmailIndex] ON [AspNetUsers] ([NormalizedEmail]);
Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command[20101]
      Executed DbCommand (1ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      CREATE UNIQUE INDEX [UserNameIndex] ON [AspNetUsers] ([NormalizedUserName]) WHERE [NormalizedUserName] IS NOT NULL;
Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command[20101]
      Executed DbCommand (1ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      INSERT INTO [__EFMigrationsHistory] ([MigrationId], [ProductVersion])
      VALUES (N'00000000000000_CreateIdentitySchema', N'3.1.1');
Done.
PM>

这些SQL脚本正是您所需要的。

屏幕截图仅用于说明想法

如何在现有数据库中创建ASP.Net Identity表？

4 个答案: