截取屏幕截图并直观地突出显示聚焦控件

时间:2010-05-23 14:31:28

标签: forms controls screenshot documentation-generation interprocess

在愉快地使用开源软件多年后,我认为是时候回馈了。由于文档通常是许多项目的弱点,加上我的C#技能并不是我在FLOSS的角落里的高要求,我想我会从教程等开始。

在第二个刻录工具教程之后,我已经厌倦了

的例行程序
  1. 截屏
  2. 突出显示任何重要部分
  3. 注释
  4. 添加到网站
  5. 重复
  6. 并认为我可以自动化。

    我想我正在寻找的是一个程序,它会截取当前打开的窗口的截图,例如聚焦控件周围的黄色条(可能是一个按钮),然后弹出一个小文本框,让我输入图片描述,最后将其全部添加到网站/数据库/列表/等。

    现在我的实际问题是:除非有人知道已经做到这一点的工具,否则我需要一些关于如何在“外部”窗口上访问控件的大小和位置的启动器,以便我可以计算在哪里绘制重要的突出显示条控制。我记得那些用于Windows的密码取消屏蔽工具可以揭示任何******受保护文本框的内容,但是我找不到任何开放的例子。我想,WinAPI的东西,WindowFromPoint + GetDlgItem或类似的东西。不知道在Linux中是否更容易,但任何一个都可以。也不喜欢编程语言。

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:2)

据我所知,你想做的事情需要一些P / Invoke,因为.NET没有任何用于访问其他应用程序窗口的API。

您可以先使用GetForegroundWindow来获取当前窗口(您需要使用全局热键或计时器触发该代码,因为如果您切换窗口以截取屏幕截图,您将获得自己的从GetForegroundWindow返回的窗口。)

修改

我受到你的问题的启发,做了一个星期天下午的编码。我发现,GetForegroundWindow将为您提供前景窗口,但不是控件级别。但是还有另一个有用的功能,GetGUIThreadInfo,它将为您提供当前关注的控件和其他一些信息。我们可以使用GetWindowInfo来获取有关Window的信息(可能是顶层窗口中包含的控件)。

把这些东西放在一起,我们可以创建一个Window类来抽象出所有粗糙的P / Invoke调用:

using System;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Text;

namespace dr.Stackoverflow.ScreenshotTest
{
    public class Window
    {
        private WINDOWINFO info;
        private readonly IntPtr handle;

        internal Window(IntPtr handle)
        {
            this.handle = handle;
        }

        public int Handle
        {
            get { return handle.ToInt32(); }
        }

        // Note - will not work on controls in other processes.
        public string Text
        {
            get
            {
                int length = GetWindowTextLength(handle);
                if ( length > 0 )
                {
                    StringBuilder buffer = new StringBuilder(length);
                    if (0 < GetWindowText(handle, buffer, length))
                    {
                        return buffer.ToString();
                    }
                }
                return "<unknown>";
            }
        }

        public Rectangle WindowArea
        {
            get
            {
                EnsureWindowInfo();
                return info.rcWindow;
            }
        }

        public override string ToString()
        {
            return String.Format("{0} 0x{1}", Text, handle.ToString("x8"));
        }

        private unsafe void EnsureWindowInfo()
        {
            if (info.cbSize == 0)
            {
                info.cbSize = sizeof (WINDOWINFO);
                if ( !GetWindowInfo(handle, out info) ) 
                    throw new ApplicationException("Unable to get Window Info");

            }
        }

        public static Window GetForeground()
        {
            IntPtr handle = GetForegroundWindow();
            if (handle == IntPtr.Zero)
                return null;

            return new Window(handle);
        }

        public unsafe static Window GetFocus()
        {
            IntPtr foreground = GetForegroundWindow();
            int procId;
            int tId = GetWindowThreadProcessId(foreground, out procId);
            if (0 != tId)
            {
                GUITHREADINFO threadInfo = new GUITHREADINFO() {cbSize = sizeof (GUITHREADINFO)};
                if ( GetGUIThreadInfo(tId, out threadInfo) )
                {
                    return new Window(threadInfo.hwndFocus);
                }
            }
            return null;
        }

        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
        private struct WINDOWINFO
        {
            public int cbSize;
            public RECT rcWindow;
            public RECT rcClient;
            public int dwStyle;
            public int dwExStyle;
            public int dwWindowStatus;
            public uint cxWindowBorders;
            public uint cyWindowBorders;
            public int atomWindowType;
            public int wCreatorVersion;
        } 

        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
        private struct GUITHREADINFO
        {

            public int cbSize;
            public int flags;
            public IntPtr hwndActive;
            public IntPtr hwndFocus;
            public IntPtr hwndCapture;
            public IntPtr hwndMenuOwner;
            public IntPtr hwndMoveSize;
            public IntPtr hwndCaret;
            public RECT rcCaret;
        }

        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
        private struct RECT
        {
            public int left;
            public int top;
            public int right;
            public int bottom;

            public static implicit operator Rectangle(RECT rhs)
            {
                return new Rectangle(rhs.left, rhs.top, rhs.right - rhs.left, rhs.bottom - rhs.top);
            }
        }

        [DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]
        private static extern bool GetWindowInfo(IntPtr hwnd, out WINDOWINFO pwi);

        [DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]
        private static extern int GetWindowThreadProcessId(IntPtr handle, out int processId);

        [DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, ExactSpelling = true)]
        private static extern bool GetGUIThreadInfo(int threadId, out GUITHREADINFO threadInfo);

        [DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, ExactSpelling = true)]
        private static extern IntPtr GetForegroundWindow();

        [DllImport("user32.dll", SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
        private static extern int GetWindowTextLength(IntPtr hWnd);

        [DllImport("user32", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)]
        private static extern int GetWindowText(IntPtr hWnd, [Out, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPTStr)] StringBuilder lpString, int nMaxCount);
    }
}

然后我们可以使用它制作一个示例程序:

using System;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Drawing.Imaging;
using System.Threading;

namespace dr.Stackoverflow.ScreenshotTest
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Sleeping for 3 seconds (switch to a window of interest)");
            Thread.Sleep(3000);

            Window currentWindow = Window.GetForeground();
            Window focusedWindow = Window.GetFocus();       
            if ( currentWindow != null )
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Foreground window");
                Console.WriteLine(currentWindow.Text);
                Console.WriteLine(currentWindow.WindowArea);
            }
            if (focusedWindow != null)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("\tFocused window");
                Console.WriteLine("\t{0}", focusedWindow.WindowArea);
            }

            if (focusedWindow !=null && currentWindow != null && focusedWindow.Handle != currentWindow.Handle)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("\nTaking a screenshot");
                Rectangle screenshotArea = currentWindow.WindowArea;
                Bitmap bm = new Bitmap(currentWindow.WindowArea.Width,currentWindow.WindowArea.Height);
                using(Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(bm))
                {
                    g.CopyFromScreen(screenshotArea.Left,screenshotArea.Top, 0,0, new Size(screenshotArea.Width,screenshotArea.Height));
                    Rectangle focusBox = focusedWindow.WindowArea;
                    focusBox.Offset(screenshotArea.Left * -1, screenshotArea.Top * -1);
                    focusBox.Inflate(5,5);
                    g.DrawRectangle(Pens.Red,focusBox);
                }
                bm.Save("D:\\screenshot.png", ImageFormat.Png);
            }
        }
    }
}

这将显示当前前景窗口的屏幕截图,其中一个红色框突出显示当前聚焦的控件。请注意,这是示例代码,并且具有最少的错误检查:-)当您运行它时,请将Alt-Tab移至感兴趣的窗口并保持该状态直到程序完成。

但是有一些限制。我发现最重要的一个是这种方法在WPF应用程序中不起作用 - 仅仅因为单个控件不是Windows,就像在其他Windows程序中一样。