构建一次并部署用于许多环境

时间:2015-04-10 02:39:21

标签: java maven deployment web-deployment

我们拥有50 -60 maven模块的遗留系统,所有这些module都使用maven资源插件来过滤属性(在属性文件中的构建时替换标记)。在构建不同的环境时,这非常痛苦,因为每当我们需要为不同的环境进行部署时,我们必须构建应用程序。

我们有一个新要求,即一次构建应用程序并部署到许多环境中。什么是最好的解决方案?我想到了外部化过滤器属性,但最大的问题是替换下面的应用程序的现有属性文件的标记(请参阅application.properties)文件。我想保留现有的属性文件,并从外部配置文件中选择值。

任何帮助都会非常感激。

e.g 注入maven的Filter.properties。

generic.sharepoint.host=xxxxx
generic.deploy.apps.host=xxxxx
generic.deploy.apps.url=xxxx
generic.deploy.trusted.host=xxxx
generic.deploy.trusted.url=xxxx
generic.deploy.orderentry=xxxxx

application.properties

generic.sharepoint.host=${generic.sharepoint.host}
generic.deploy.apps.host=${generic.deploy.apps.host}
generic.deploy.apps.url=${generic.deploy.apps.url}
generic.deploy.trusted.host=${generic.deploy.trusted.host}
generic.deploy.trusted.url=${generic.deploy.trusted.url}
generic.deploy.orderentry=${generic.deploy.orderentry}

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:2)

根据我的经验,我还必须构建一个基于Spring的Web应用程序并在许多不同的环境中部署,所以我试图向您展示对我来说工作正常的解决方案。

我找不到将这个任务交给Maven的方法,所以我决定外化配置,发现利用Spring我可以设法实现只执行两个步骤:

  1. 通过读取包含环境名称的文件(例如DEV,TEST,PRODUCTION),让应用程序“了解”它所部署的环境
  2. 根据找到的环境值,设置系统属性,然后加载放置在对应文件夹中的配置文件。
  3. 使用Tomcat,我们在shared/classes下设置配置文件夹结构,方式如下:

    config structure

    我们放入application-config folder包含环境描述的application-config.properties文件:

    application-config.env=DEV
    

    并将每个子文件夹下的相同配置文件正确配置为所需的相关环境。 之后我们不得不向Spring应用程序上下文添加另一个application-config-context.xml和一些bean定义,以便与org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertiesFactoryBean进行交互:

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
      xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
      xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">
    
      <bean id="environmentDetector" class="com.mycompany.myapp.spring.util.PropertiesBasedEnvironmentDetector" init-method="init" >
        <property name="properties" ref="environmentDefinitionProperties" />
        <property name="environmentDefinitionPropertyName" value="application-config.env"/>
      </bean>
    
      <bean id="environmentDefinitionProperties" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertiesFactoryBean">
        <property name="ignoreResourceNotFound" value="true" />
        <property name="locations">
          <list>
            <value>classpath:application-config/application-config.properties</value>
          </list>
        </property>
      </bean>
    
      <bean
        class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer" >
        <property name="systemPropertiesModeName" value="SYSTEM_PROPERTIES_MODE_OVERRIDE" />
        <property name="ignoreResourceNotFound" value="false" />
        <property name="ignoreUnresolvablePlaceholders" value="true" />
        <property name="properties" ref="applicationExternalProperties" />
      </bean>
    
      <bean id="applicationExternalProperties" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertiesFactoryBean" >
        <property name="location" value="${application-config.prefix}application-config/${application-config.env}/application.properties" />
      </bean>
    
    </beans>
    

    我必须编写一个类来覆盖接口postProcessBeanFactory的Spring org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanFactoryPostProcessor方法,如下所示:

    package com.mycompany.myapp.doc.spring.util;
    
    import java.util.Properties;
    
    import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;
    
    import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
    import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
    import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanFactoryPostProcessor;
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.ConfigurableListableBeanFactory;
    import org.springframework.core.PriorityOrdered;
    
    public class PropertiesBasedEnvironmentDetector implements BeanFactoryPostProcessor, PriorityOrdered{
        private static final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(PropertiesBasedEnvironmentDetector.class);
    
        private Properties properties;
        private String environmentDefinitionPropertyName ="env";
        private String defaultEnvironment="DEV";
        private String environmentSystemPropertyName;
        private int order = PriorityOrdered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE;
    
        private String prefixSystemPropertyName = "application-config.prefix";
        private String prefixDefault = "classpath:";
        private String prefix;
    
        public void setProperties(Properties properties) {
            this.properties = properties;
        }
    
        @PostConstruct
        public void init()
        {
            if (environmentSystemPropertyName == null) {
                environmentSystemPropertyName = environmentDefinitionPropertyName;
            }
            String activeEnvironment = properties.getProperty(environmentDefinitionPropertyName, defaultEnvironment);
            prefix = properties.getProperty(prefixSystemPropertyName);
            if (prefix == null) {
                prefix = prefixDefault;
                properties.put(prefixSystemPropertyName, prefix);
            }
            System.setProperty(environmentSystemPropertyName , activeEnvironment);
            System.setProperty(prefixSystemPropertyName , prefix);
    
            log.warn("Initializing Environment: "+activeEnvironment);
    
        }
    
        public String getEnvironmentDefinitionPropertyName() {
            return environmentDefinitionPropertyName;
        }
    
        public void setEnvironmentDefinitionPropertyName(
            String environmentDefinitionPropertyName) {
            this.environmentDefinitionPropertyName = environmentDefinitionPropertyName;
        }
    
        public String getDefaultEnvironment() {
            return defaultEnvironment;
        }
    
        public void setDefaultEnvironment(String defaultEnvironment) {
            this.defaultEnvironment = defaultEnvironment;
        }
    
        public String getEnvironmentSystemPropertyName() {
            return environmentSystemPropertyName;
        }
    
        public void setEnvironmentSystemPropertyName(String environmentSystemPropertyName)
        {
            this.environmentSystemPropertyName = environmentSystemPropertyName;
        }
    
        @Override
        public void postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory)
            throws BeansException
        {
            String activeEnvironment = System.getProperty(environmentSystemPropertyName);
            log.warn("PostProcessing ApplicationContext for Environment: "+activeEnvironment+" from "+prefix);
        }
    
        @Override
        public int getOrder() {
            return order;
        }
    
        public void setOrder(int order) {
            this.order = order;
        }
    
    }
    

    当应用程序启动时,Spring会加载所有上下文并调用我们的自定义类。 在init()方法中,首先通过注入的environmentDefinitionPropertyName属性加载properties,然后设置为一个系统属性,其中包含bean定义中设置的environmentDefinitionPropertyName值作为键。

    之后,PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer可以加载属性文件位置,因为它解析了:

    <property name="location" value="${application-config.prefix}application-config/${application-config.env}/application.properties" />
    

    <property name="location" value="classpath:application-config/DEV/application.properties" />
    

    这种方法具有以下主要优点:

    • 您只需在原始配置文件夹下添加其他文件夹即可轻松添加其他环境
    • 原始应用程序包在所有环境中都是相同的
    • 属性文件具有“普通”key=value格式,与application.properties文件类似。

    希望这有所帮助,也可以帮助其他人。

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