尝试使用ansible在virtualenv中安装时权限被拒绝

Question

我在我的ansible剧本中有这个剧本

- name: Setup virtualenv
  pip: 
    requirements="/vagrant/webapp/requirements/{{ requirements_filename }}" 
    virtualenv="$HOME/.envs/{{ project_name }}"

但是，我收到一个Permission denied错误。似乎ansible试图将软件包安装到系统路径而不是virtualenv。

这是完整的追溯：

TASK: [deploy | Setup virtualenv] ********************************************* 
failed: [default] => {"cmd": "/usr/bin/pip install -r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/dev.txt", "failed": true}
msg: stdout: New python executable in /home/vagrant/.envs/venv/bin/python
Installing setuptools, pip...done.
Downloading/unpacking django>=1.8 (from -r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 3))
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): wsgiref>=0.1.2 in /usr/lib/python2.7 (from -r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 4))
Downloading/unpacking django-allauth>=0.19.1 (from -r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 5))
  Running setup.py (path:/tmp/pip_build_vagrant/django-allauth/setup.py) egg_info for package django-allauth

Downloading/unpacking psycopg2>=2.6 (from -r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 6))
  Running setup.py (path:/tmp/pip_build_vagrant/psycopg2/setup.py) egg_info for package psycopg2

Downloading/unpacking django-currencies>=0.3.3 (from -r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 7))
  Downloading django-currencies-0.3.3.tar.gz
  Running setup.py (path:/tmp/pip_build_vagrant/django-currencies/setup.py) egg_info for package django-currencies

Downloading/unpacking django-countries>=3.2 (from -r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 8))
  Running setup.py (path:/tmp/pip_build_vagrant/django-countries/setup.py) egg_info for package django-countries

Downloading/unpacking stripe>=1.22.1 (from -r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 9))
  Running setup.py (path:/tmp/pip_build_vagrant/stripe/setup.py) egg_info for package stripe

Downloading/unpacking pillow>=2.8.0 (from -r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 10))
  Running setup.py (path:/tmp/pip_build_vagrant/pillow/setup.py) egg_info for package pillow
    Single threaded build, not installing mp_compile: 1 processes

    warning: no files found matching 'LICENSE' under directory 'docs'
Downloading/unpacking django-compressor>=1.4 (from -r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 11))
Downloading/unpacking djangorestframework>=3.1.1 (from -r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 12))
Downloading/unpacking django-filter>=0.9.2 (from -r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 13))
  Downloading django_filter-0.9.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Obtaining formtools from git+https://github.com/django/django-formtools.git#egg=formtools (from -r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 14))
  Cloning https://github.com/django/django-formtools.git to ./src/formtools
  Running setup.py (path:/tmp/src/formtools/setup.py) egg_info for package formtools

  Installing extra requirements: 'egg'
Downloading/unpacking django-widget-tweaks>=1.3 (from -r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 15))
  Downloading django-widget-tweaks-1.3.tar.gz
  Running setup.py (path:/tmp/pip_build_vagrant/django-widget-tweaks/setup.py) egg_info for package django-widget-tweaks

Downloading/unpacking django-braces>=1.4.0 (from -r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 16))
  Downloading django_braces-1.4.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Downloading/unpacking django-debug-toolbar>=1.3.0 (from -r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/dev.txt (line 4))
Downloading/unpacking python-openid>=2.2.5 (from django-allauth>=0.19.1->-r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 5))
  Running setup.py (path:/tmp/pip_build_vagrant/python-openid/setup.py) egg_info for package python-openid

    warning: no files found matching 'CHANGELOG'
    warning: no files found matching '*.css' under directory 'doc'
    warning: no files found matching '*.html' under directory 'doc'
Downloading/unpacking requests-oauthlib>=0.3.0 (from django-allauth>=0.19.1->-r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 5))
  Downloading requests_oauthlib-0.4.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): requests>=1.0.3 in /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages (from django-allauth>=0.19.1->-r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 5))
Downloading/unpacking django-appconf>=0.4 (from django-compressor>=1.4->-r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 11))
  Downloading django_appconf-1.0.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): six in /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages (from django-braces>=1.4.0->-r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 16))
Downloading/unpacking sqlparse (from django-debug-toolbar>=1.3.0->-r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/dev.txt (line 4))
  Running setup.py (path:/tmp/pip_build_vagrant/sqlparse/setup.py) egg_info for package sqlparse

Downloading/unpacking oauthlib>=0.6.2 (from requests-oauthlib>=0.3.0->django-allauth>=0.19.1->-r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 5))
  Running setup.py (path:/tmp/pip_build_vagrant/oauthlib/setup.py) egg_info for package oauthlib

Installing collected packages: django, django-allauth, psycopg2, django-currencies, django-countries, stripe, pillow, django-compressor, djangorestframework, django-filter, formtools, django-widget-tweaks, django-braces, django-debug-toolbar, python-openid, requests-oauthlib, django-appconf, sqlparse, oauthlib
Cleaning up...
Exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/basecommand.py", line 122, in main
    status = self.run(options, args)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/commands/install.py", line 283, in run
    requirement_set.install(install_options, global_options, root=options.root_path)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/req.py", line 1435, in install
    requirement.install(install_options, global_options, *args, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/req.py", line 671, in install
    self.move_wheel_files(self.source_dir, root=root)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/req.py", line 901, in move_wheel_files
    pycompile=self.pycompile,
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/wheel.py", line 206, in move_wheel_files
    clobber(source, lib_dir, True)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/wheel.py", line 193, in clobber
    os.makedirs(destsubdir)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/os.py", line 157, in makedirs
    mkdir(name, mode)
OSError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/Django-1.8.dist-info'

Storing debug log for failure in /home/vagrant/.pip/pip.log


FATAL: all hosts have already failed -- aborting

Answer 1

我通过明确设置路径而不使用$HOME变量来解决问题。

- name: Setup virtualenv
  pip:
    virtualenv="/home/vagrant/.envs/{{ project_name }}"
    requirements="/vagrant/webapp/requirements/{{ requirements_filename }}"

Answer 2

尝试同时指定pip可执行路径：

executable="$HOME/.envs/{{ project_name }}/bin/pip"

没有搜索TBH的确切原因，但必须这样做才能将内容安装到虚拟环境中。似乎它试图使用全局pip安装到虚拟环境中。也许在某些情况下可以这样做，不是我的情况。

Answer 3

pip模块似乎正在使用系统Python，所以它会尝试在预期的site-packages系统路径上安装软件包，因为你没有以root身份运行它或者使用sudo它可以＆＃ 39; t写入＆＃39; /usr/local/lib/python2.7 /...'

我假设你想在virtualenv下安装pip包，对吗？

如果是这样，请注意Ansible模块默认使用系统默认的Python解释器，除非您设置ansible_python_interpreter。 有关如何执行此操作的示例，请参阅Best way to always run ansible inside a virtualenv on remote machines?

有关该主题的简短讨论的链接以及为什么Ansible人不想更改#!/usr/bin/python以获得更为虚拟友好的#!/usr/bin/env python here。< / p>

作为一个说明，如果您从本地virtualenv运行Ansible并尝试使用say ec2模块而不在系统中安装boto，则会遇到同样的问题 - 级别（但安装在virtualenv级别）。

Answer 4

看起来它使用的是/usr/bin/pip，而不是来自virtualenv的pip。不确定为什么会这样--Ansible中的一个错误？你能手动检查你的virtualenv有pip命令吗？我可以从我的头pip中想出一件事是为root（sudo）创建的，并且您尝试以普通用户身份运行该命令，并且它没有读取virtualenv＆p？ed pip的权限。

您可以像这样手动使用pip来解决此问题。

- name: Create virtualenv for app using chosen Python
  shell: virtualenv --python=python3.4 {{deploy_location}}/venv
  sudo: yes

- name: Install Python packages
  sudo: yes
  command: {{deploy_location}}/venv/bin/pip -r {{deploy_location}}/requirements.txt