我在mac osx maverick上正确安装了gem zmq。升级到mac osx yosemite后，无法安装带有以下错误日志的gem：
Gem::Installer::ExtensionBuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.
/Users/apple/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p484/bin/ruby extconf.rb
checking for zmq.h... yes
checking for zmq_init() in -lzmq... yes
Cool, I found your zmq install...
creating Makefile
make
compiling rbzmq.c
rbzmq.c:968:7: error: use of undeclared identifier 'ZMQ_RECOVERY_IVL_MSEC'
case ZMQ_RECOVERY_IVL_MSEC:
^
rbzmq.c:990:10: error: use of undeclared identifier 'ZMQ_HWM'
case ZMQ_HWM:
^
rbzmq.c:991:10: error: use of undeclared identifier 'ZMQ_SWAP'
case ZMQ_SWAP:
^
rbzmq.c:995:10: error: use of undeclared identifier 'ZMQ_MCAST_LOOP'
case ZMQ_MCAST_LOOP:
^
rbzmq.c:1292:10: error: use of undeclared identifier 'ZMQ_HWM'
case ZMQ_HWM:
^
rbzmq.c:1293:10: error: use of undeclared identifier 'ZMQ_SWAP'
case ZMQ_SWAP:
^
rbzmq.c:1297:10: error: use of undeclared identifier 'ZMQ_MCAST_LOOP'
case ZMQ_MCAST_LOOP:
^
rbzmq.c:1315:10: error: use of undeclared identifier 'ZMQ_RECOVERY_IVL_MSEC'
case ZMQ_RECOVERY_IVL_MSEC:
^
rbzmq.c:1443:81: error: too few arguments to function call, expected 4, have 3
send_args->rc = zmq_send(send_args->socket, send_args->msg, send_args->flags);
~~~~~~~~ ^
/usr/local/include/zmq.h:354:1: note: 'zmq_send' declared here
ZMQ_EXPORT int zmq_send (void *s, const void *buf, size_t len, int flags);
^
/usr/local/include/zmq.h:67:27: note: expanded from macro 'ZMQ_EXPORT'
# define ZMQ_EXPORT __attribute__ ((visibility("default")))
^
rbzmq.c:1517:38: error: too few arguments to function call, expected 4, have 3
rc = zmq_send (s, &msg, flags);
~~~~~~~~ ^
/usr/local/include/zmq.h:354:1: note: 'zmq_send' declared here
ZMQ_EXPORT int zmq_send (void *s, const void *buf, size_t len, int flags);
^
/usr/local/include/zmq.h:67:27: note: expanded from macro 'ZMQ_EXPORT'
# define ZMQ_EXPORT __attribute__ ((visibility("default")))
^
rbzmq.c:1541:81: error: too few arguments to function call, expected 4, have 3
recv_args->rc = zmq_recv(recv_args->socket, recv_args->msg, recv_args->flags);
~~~~~~~~ ^
/usr/local/include/zmq.h:356:1: note: 'zmq_recv' declared here
ZMQ_EXPORT int zmq_recv (void *s, void *buf, size_t len, int flags);
^
/usr/local/include/zmq.h:67:27: note: expanded from macro 'ZMQ_EXPORT'
# define ZMQ_EXPORT __attribute__ ((visibility("default")))
^
rbzmq.c:1602:38: error: too few arguments to function call, expected 4, have 3
rc = zmq_recv (s, &msg, flags);
~~~~~~~~ ^
/usr/local/include/zmq.h:356:1: note: 'zmq_recv' declared here
ZMQ_EXPORT int zmq_recv (void *s, void *buf, size_t len, int flags);
^
/usr/local/include/zmq.h:67:27: note: expanded from macro 'ZMQ_EXPORT'
# define ZMQ_EXPORT __attribute__ ((visibility("default")))
^
rbzmq.c:1675:50: error: use of undeclared identifier 'ZMQ_HWM'
rb_define_const (zmq_module, "HWM", INT2NUM (ZMQ_HWM));
^
/Users/apple/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p484/include/ruby-1.9.1/ruby/ruby.h:973:35: note: expanded from macro 'INT2NUM'
# define INT2NUM(v) INT2FIX((int)(v))
^
/Users/apple/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p484/include/ruby-1.9.1/ruby/ruby.h:225:45: note: expanded from macro 'INT2FIX'
#define INT2FIX(i) ((VALUE)(((SIGNED_VALUE)(i))<<1 | FIXNUM_FLAG))
^
rbzmq.c:1676:51: error: use of undeclared identifier 'ZMQ_SWAP'
rb_define_const (zmq_module, "SWAP", INT2NUM (ZMQ_SWAP));
^
/Users/apple/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p484/include/ruby-1.9.1/ruby/ruby.h:973:35: note: expanded from macro 'INT2NUM'
# define INT2NUM(v) INT2FIX((int)(v))
^
/Users/apple/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p484/include/ruby-1.9.1/ruby/ruby.h:225:45: note: expanded from macro 'INT2FIX'
#define INT2FIX(i) ((VALUE)(((SIGNED_VALUE)(i))<<1 | FIXNUM_FLAG))
^
rbzmq.c:1683:57: error: use of undeclared identifier 'ZMQ_MCAST_LOOP'
rb_define_const (zmq_module, "MCAST_LOOP", INT2NUM (ZMQ_MCAST_LOOP));
^
/Users/apple/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p484/include/ruby-1.9.1/ruby/ruby.h:973:35: note: expanded from macro 'INT2NUM'
# define INT2NUM(v) INT2FIX((int)(v))
^
/Users/apple/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p484/include/ruby-1.9.1/ruby/ruby.h:225:45: note: expanded from macro 'INT2FIX'
#define INT2FIX(i) ((VALUE)(((SIGNED_VALUE)(i))<<1 | FIXNUM_FLAG))
^
rbzmq.c:1698:64: error: use of undeclared identifier 'ZMQ_RECOVERY_IVL_MSEC'
rb_define_const (zmq_module, "RECOVERY_IVL_MSEC", INT2NUM (ZMQ_RECOVERY_IVL_MSEC));
^
/Users/apple/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p484/include/ruby-1.9.1/ruby/ruby.h:973:35: note: expanded from macro 'INT2NUM'
# define INT2NUM(v) INT2FIX((int)(v))
^
/Users/apple/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p484/include/ruby-1.9.1/ruby/ruby.h:225:45: note: expanded from macro 'INT2FIX'
#define INT2FIX(i) ((VALUE)(((SIGNED_VALUE)(i))<<1 | FIXNUM_FLAG))
^
16 errors generated.
make: *** [rbzmq.o] Error 1
Gem files will remain installed in /Users/apple/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p484/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/zmq-2.1.4 for inspection.
Results logged to /Users/apple/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p484/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/zmq-2.1.4/./gem_make.out.
我成功完成了brew install zmq，并且我从错误日志中了解到捆绑包也可以找到zmp。
我在这里错过了任何依赖吗？请帮忙。
答案 0 :(得分：0)
答案的想法来自这篇博客http://blog.cuberoot.in/installing-zmq-gem-on-mountain-lion-mac-os-x/。我只是以不同的方式解决了它。
这就是博客中提到的内容
原来，zmq gem没有针对ZeroMQ的最新稳定版本3.2.2进行更新，它可以（基本上安装）2.2.0版本。
所以zmq gem适用于2.2.0版本
我从brew中删除了所有的zeromq
brew uninstall zeromq
然后我搜索其他版本的zeromq
brew search zeromq
我从brew搜索中得到了这个结果
homebrew/versions/zeromq22 homebrew/versions/zeromq32
zeromq homebrew/versions/zeromq3 homebrew/versions/zeromq405
幸运的是，brew仍然支持zeromq22。让我们安装吧
brew install homebrew/versions/zeromq22
然后我尝试再次安装宝石
gem install zmq -v 2.1.4
但我仍然遇到以下错误：
gem install zmq -v 2.1.4
Building native extensions. This could take a while...
ERROR: Error installing zmq:
ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.
/Users/ilab/.rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p484/bin/ruby extconf.rb
checking for zmq.h... no
checking for zmq.h in /opt/local/include,/usr/local/include,/usr/include... no
extconf.rb:36:in `<main>': Couldn't find zmq library. try setting --with-zmq-dir=<path> to tell me where it is. (RuntimeError)
似乎zmq gem无法找到zeromq。然后我尝试用最新的zeromq再做一次。
brew install zeromq
然后zmq gem知道安装的zeromq。所以我认为brew安装和链接应该有问题。我强制brew将链接回zeromq22，如下所示：
brew link --overwrite zeromq22 --force
并尝试再次安装gem。它有效！