Question

我有一个EF6驱动的程序，在第一次运行时会在UPDATE语句中崩溃。我尝试通过数据注释重命名列（我没有测试流体API，因为它应该导致相同的数据库）。我也查看了课程的可见性，但是自上次课程开始以来它们没有改变，因此可以排除。我已经看了一天中的大部分时间，但找不到错误。数据库看起来很健康，代码编译没有问题。此外，任何update-database语句都可以无异常地执行。

这是堆栈跟踪：

System.Data.DataException was unhandled by user code
  HResult=-2146233087
  Message=An exception occurred while initializing the database. See the InnerException for details.
  Source=EntityFramework
  StackTrace:
       bei System.Data.Entity.Internal.InternalContext.PerformInitializationAction(Action action)
       bei System.Data.Entity.Internal.InternalContext.PerformDatabaseInitialization()
       bei System.Data.Entity.Internal.LazyInternalContext.<InitializeDatabase>b__4(InternalContext c)
       bei System.Data.Entity.Internal.RetryAction`1.PerformAction(TInput input)
       bei System.Data.Entity.Internal.LazyInternalContext.InitializeDatabaseAction(Action`1 action)
       bei System.Data.Entity.Internal.LazyInternalContext.InitializeDatabase()
       bei System.Data.Entity.Internal.InternalContext.Initialize()
       bei System.Data.Entity.Internal.InternalContext.GetEntitySetAndBaseTypeForType(Type entityType)
       bei System.Data.Entity.Internal.Linq.InternalSet`1.Initialize()
       bei System.Data.Entity.Internal.Linq.InternalSet`1.Include(String path)
       bei System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure.DbQuery`1.Include(String path)
       bei System.Data.Entity.QueryableExtensions.Include[T](IQueryable`1 source, String path)
       bei System.Data.Entity.QueryableExtensions.Include[T,TProperty](IQueryable`1 source, Expression`1 path)
       bei RpgTools.Characters.CharacterRepository.FindAll() in e:\Users\Robert\Documents\Visual Studio 2013\Projects\RpgTools\Modules\Characters\CharacterRepository.cs:Zeile 88.
       bei RpgTools.CharacterPresenter.ViewModels.CharactersViewModel.LoadCharacters() in e:\Users\Robert\Documents\Visual Studio 2013\Projects\RpgTools\Modules\CharacterPresenter\ViewModels\CharactersViewModel.cs:Zeile 169.
  InnerException: System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure.DbUpdateException
       HResult=-2146233087
       Message=An error occurred while updating the entries. See the inner exception for details.
       Source=EntityFramework
       StackTrace:
            bei System.Data.Entity.Internal.InternalContext.SaveChanges()
            bei System.Data.Entity.Internal.LazyInternalContext.SaveChanges()
            bei System.Data.Entity.DbContext.SaveChanges()
            bei System.Data.Entity.Migrations.DbMigrator.SeedDatabase()
            bei System.Data.Entity.Migrations.Infrastructure.MigratorBase.SeedDatabase()
            bei System.Data.Entity.Migrations.DbMigrator.Upgrade(IEnumerable`1 pendingMigrations, String targetMigrationId, String lastMigrationId)
            bei System.Data.Entity.Migrations.Infrastructure.MigratorBase.Upgrade(IEnumerable`1 pendingMigrations, String targetMigrationId, String lastMigrationId)
            bei System.Data.Entity.Migrations.DbMigrator.UpdateInternal(String targetMigration)
            bei System.Data.Entity.Migrations.DbMigrator.<>c__DisplayClassc.<Update>b__b()
            bei System.Data.Entity.Migrations.DbMigrator.EnsureDatabaseExists(Action mustSucceedToKeepDatabase)
            bei System.Data.Entity.Migrations.Infrastructure.MigratorBase.EnsureDatabaseExists(Action mustSucceedToKeepDatabase)
            bei System.Data.Entity.Migrations.DbMigrator.Update(String targetMigration)
            bei System.Data.Entity.Migrations.Infrastructure.MigratorBase.Update()
            bei System.Data.Entity.MigrateDatabaseToLatestVersion`2.InitializeDatabase(TContext context)
            bei System.Data.Entity.Internal.InternalContext.<>c__DisplayClassf`1.<CreateInitializationAction>b__e()
            bei System.Data.Entity.Internal.InternalContext.PerformInitializationAction(Action action)
       InnerException: System.Data.Entity.Core.UpdateException
            HResult=-2146233087
            Message=An error occurred while updating the entries. See the inner exception for details.
            Source=EntityFramework
            StackTrace:
                 bei System.Data.Entity.Core.Mapping.Update.Internal.UpdateTranslator.Update()
                 bei System.Data.Entity.Core.EntityClient.Internal.EntityAdapter.<Update>b__2(UpdateTranslator ut)
                 bei System.Data.Entity.Core.EntityClient.Internal.EntityAdapter.Update[T](T noChangesResult, Func`2 updateFunction)
                 bei System.Data.Entity.Core.EntityClient.Internal.EntityAdapter.Update()
                 bei System.Data.Entity.Core.Objects.ObjectContext.<SaveChangesToStore>b__35()
                 bei System.Data.Entity.Core.Objects.ObjectContext.ExecuteInTransaction[T](Func`1 func, IDbExecutionStrategy executionStrategy, Boolean startLocalTransaction, Boolean releaseConnectionOnSuccess)
                 bei System.Data.Entity.Core.Objects.ObjectContext.SaveChangesToStore(SaveOptions options, IDbExecutionStrategy executionStrategy, Boolean startLocalTransaction)
                 bei System.Data.Entity.Core.Objects.ObjectContext.<>c__DisplayClass2a.<SaveChangesInternal>b__27()
                 bei System.Data.Entity.SqlServer.DefaultSqlExecutionStrategy.Execute[TResult](Func`1 operation)
                 bei System.Data.Entity.Core.Objects.ObjectContext.SaveChangesInternal(SaveOptions options, Boolean executeInExistingTransaction)
                 bei System.Data.Entity.Core.Objects.ObjectContext.SaveChanges(SaveOptions options)
                 bei System.Data.Entity.Internal.InternalContext.SaveChanges()
            InnerException: System.Data.SqlClient.SqlException
                 HResult=-2146232060
                 Message=The UPDATE statement conflicted with the FOREIGN KEY constraint "FK_Characters.Characters_Characters.Appearances_AppearanceId". The conflict occurred in database "RpgTools", table "Characters.Appearances", column 'Id'.
The statement has been terminated.
                 Source=.Net SqlClient Data Provider
                 ErrorCode=-2146232060
                 Class=16
                 LineNumber=1
                 Number=547
                 Procedure=""
                 Server=(LocalDb)\mssqllocaldb
                 State=0
                 StackTrace:
                      bei System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection.OnError(SqlException exception, Boolean breakConnection, Action`1 wrapCloseInAction)
                      bei System.Data.SqlClient.SqlInternalConnection.OnError(SqlException exception, Boolean breakConnection, Action`1 wrapCloseInAction)
                      bei System.Data.SqlClient.TdsParser.ThrowExceptionAndWarning(TdsParserStateObject stateObj, Boolean callerHasConnectionLock, Boolean asyncClose)
                      bei System.Data.SqlClient.TdsParser.TryRun(RunBehavior runBehavior, SqlCommand cmdHandler, SqlDataReader dataStream, BulkCopySimpleResultSet bulkCopyHandler, TdsParserStateObject stateObj, Boolean& dataReady)
                      bei System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand.FinishExecuteReader(SqlDataReader ds, RunBehavior runBehavior, String resetOptionsString)
                      bei System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand.RunExecuteReaderTds(CommandBehavior cmdBehavior, RunBehavior runBehavior, Boolean returnStream, Boolean async, Int32 timeout, Task& task, Boolean asyncWrite, SqlDataReader ds)
                      bei System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand.RunExecuteReader(CommandBehavior cmdBehavior, RunBehavior runBehavior, Boolean returnStream, String method, TaskCompletionSource`1 completion, Int32 timeout, Task& task, Boolean asyncWrite)
                      bei System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand.InternalExecuteNonQuery(TaskCompletionSource`1 completion, String methodName, Boolean sendToPipe, Int32 timeout, Boolean asyncWrite)
                      bei System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand.ExecuteNonQuery()
                      bei System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure.Interception.DbCommandDispatcher.<NonQuery>b__0(DbCommand t, DbCommandInterceptionContext`1 c)
                      bei System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure.Interception.InternalDispatcher`1.Dispatch[TTarget,TInterceptionContext,TResult](TTarget target, Func`3 operation, TInterceptionContext interceptionContext, Action`3 executing, Action`3 executed)
                      bei System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure.Interception.DbCommandDispatcher.NonQuery(DbCommand command, DbCommandInterceptionContext interceptionContext)
                      bei System.Data.Entity.Internal.InterceptableDbCommand.ExecuteNonQuery()
                      bei System.Data.Entity.Core.Mapping.Update.Internal.DynamicUpdateCommand.Execute(Dictionary`2 identifierValues, List`1 generatedValues)
                      bei System.Data.Entity.Core.Mapping.Update.Internal.UpdateTranslator.Update()
                 InnerException:

这是抛出异常的方法。 include语句抛出异常。我可以补充一点，以下两种方法的类是internal sealed

/// <inheritdoc />
public IDictionaryRange<Guid, Character> FindAll()
{
    IDataContainer<ICollection<CharacterItem>> data = this.CreateContainer<ICollection<CharacterItem>>(
        this.Characters.Include(c => c.Appearance).Include(c => c.Metadata).ToList(),
        this.Culture);

        return this.bulkReadConverter.Convert(data);
}

private IDataContainer<TData> CreateContainer<TData>(TData data, CultureInfo culture = null, DateTimeOffset? date = null)
{
    return new DataContainer<TData>
    {
        Content = data,
        Culture = culture,
        Date = date
    };
}

这些是代表我的数据的类：

[Table("Character")]
internal class CharacterItem
{
    [Key]
    public Guid Id { get; set; }

    public string Name { get; set; }

    public string Nickname { get; set; }

    public string Title { get; set; }

    public string Description { get; set; }

    public string Biography { get; set; }

    public string Motto { get; set; }

    public int Age { get; set; }

    public Guid PortraitsId { get; set; }

    public PortraitItem Portrait { get; set; }

    public Guid MetadataId { get; set; }

    public CharacterMetadataItem Metadata { get; set; }

    public Guid AppearancesId { get; set; }

    public AppearanceItem Appearance { get; set; }

    public Guid OriginId { get; set; }
}

[Table("Appearances")]
internal sealed class AppearanceItem
{
    [Key]
    public Guid Id { get; set; }

    public Genders Gender { get; set; }

    public int Height { get; set; }

    public int Weight { get; set; }

    public string SkinColour { get; set; }

    public string EyeColour { get; set; }

    public string SpecialFeatures { get; set; }

    public string HairColour { get; set; }

    public string LipColour { get; set; }
}

以下是数据库架构的SQL语句。

CREATE TABLE [Characters].[Character] (
    [Id]            UNIQUEIDENTIFIER NOT NULL,
    [Name]          NVARCHAR (MAX)   NULL,
    [Nickname]      NVARCHAR (MAX)   NULL,
    [Title]         NVARCHAR (MAX)   NULL,
    [Description]   NVARCHAR (MAX)   NULL,
    [Biography]     NVARCHAR (MAX)   NULL,
    [Motto]         NVARCHAR (MAX)   NULL,
    [Age]           INT              NOT NULL,
    [PortraitsId]   UNIQUEIDENTIFIER NOT NULL,
    [MetadataId]    UNIQUEIDENTIFIER NOT NULL,
    [AppearancesId] UNIQUEIDENTIFIER NOT NULL,
    [OriginId]      UNIQUEIDENTIFIER NOT NULL,
    [Appearance_Id] UNIQUEIDENTIFIER NULL,
    [Portrait_Id]   UNIQUEIDENTIFIER NULL,
    CONSTRAINT [PK_Characters.Character] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ([Id] ASC),
    CONSTRAINT [FK_Characters.Character_Characters.Appearances_Appearance_Id] FOREIGN KEY ([Appearance_Id]) REFERENCES [Characters].[Appearances] ([Id]),
    CONSTRAINT [FK_Characters.Character_Characters.Metadata_MetadataId] FOREIGN KEY ([MetadataId]) REFERENCES [Characters].[Metadata] ([Id]) ON DELETE CASCADE,
    CONSTRAINT [FK_Characters.Character_Characters.Portraits_Portrait_Id] FOREIGN KEY ([Portrait_Id]) REFERENCES [Characters].[Portraits] ([Id])
);


GO
CREATE NONCLUSTERED INDEX [IX_MetadataId]
    ON [Characters].[Character]([MetadataId] ASC);


GO
CREATE NONCLUSTERED INDEX [IX_Appearance_Id]
    ON [Characters].[Character]([Appearance_Id] ASC);


    GO
    CREATE NONCLUSTERED INDEX [IX_Portrait_Id]
        ON [Characters].[Character]([Portrait_Id] ASC);

CREATE TABLE [Characters].[Appearances] (
    [Id]              UNIQUEIDENTIFIER NOT NULL,
    [Gender]          INT              NOT NULL,
    [Height]          INT              NOT NULL,
    [Weight]          INT              NOT NULL,
    [SkinColour]      NVARCHAR (MAX)   NULL,
    [EyeColour]       NVARCHAR (MAX)   NULL,
    [SpecialFeatures] NVARCHAR (MAX)   NULL,
    [HairColour]      NVARCHAR (MAX)   NULL,
    [LipColour]       NVARCHAR (MAX)   NULL,
    CONSTRAINT [PK_Characters.Appearances] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ([Id] ASC)
);

根据John Castleman的建议，我改变了Schema初始化，这是之前由FluidAPI对DataAnnotations进行的。然后我添加了另一个迁移并应用了另一个update-database现在我在运行命令时遇到错误，而不仅仅是在启动程序时。以下是错误和我的迁移：

这是启用了-verbose开关的堆栈跟踪。我不得不删除旧的，因为我达到了字符限制。

Using StartUp project 'Main'.
Using NuGet project 'Characters'.
Specify the '-Verbose' flag to view the SQL statements being applied to the target database.
Target database is: 'RpgTools' (DataSource: (LocalDb)\mssqllocaldb, Provider: System.Data.SqlClient, Origin: Configuration).
No pending explicit migrations.
Running Seed method.
System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure.DbUpdateException: An error occurred while updating the entries. See the inner exception for details. ---> System.Data.Entity.Core.UpdateException: An error occurred while updating the entries. See the inner exception for details. ---> System.Data.SqlClient.SqlException: The UPDATE statement conflicted with the FOREIGN KEY constraint "FK_Characters.Character_Characters.Metadata_MetadataId". The conflict occurred in database "RpgTools", table "Characters.Metadata", column 'Id'.
The statement has been terminated.
   at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection.OnError(SqlException exception, Boolean breakConnection, Action`1 wrapCloseInAction)
   at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlInternalConnection.OnError(SqlException exception, Boolean breakConnection, Action`1 wrapCloseInAction)
   at System.Data.SqlClient.TdsParser.ThrowExceptionAndWarning(TdsParserStateObject stateObj, Boolean callerHasConnectionLock, Boolean asyncClose)
   at System.Data.SqlClient.TdsParser.TryRun(RunBehavior runBehavior, SqlCommand cmdHandler, SqlDataReader dataStream, BulkCopySimpleResultSet bulkCopyHandler, TdsParserStateObject stateObj, Boolean& dataReady)
   at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand.FinishExecuteReader(SqlDataReader ds, RunBehavior runBehavior, String resetOptionsString)
   at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand.RunExecuteReaderTds(CommandBehavior cmdBehavior, RunBehavior runBehavior, Boolean returnStream, Boolean async, Int32 timeout, Task& task, Boolean asyncWrite, SqlDataReader ds)
   at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand.RunExecuteReader(CommandBehavior cmdBehavior, RunBehavior runBehavior, Boolean returnStream, String method, TaskCompletionSource`1 completion, Int32 timeout, Task& task, Boolean asyncWrite)
   at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand.InternalExecuteNonQuery(TaskCompletionSource`1 completion, String methodName, Boolean sendToPipe, Int32 timeout, Boolean asyncWrite)
   at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand.ExecuteNonQuery()
   at System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure.Interception.DbCommandDispatcher.<NonQuery>b__0(DbCommand t, DbCommandInterceptionContext`1 c)
   at System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure.Interception.InternalDispatcher`1.Dispatch[TTarget,TInterceptionContext,TResult](TTarget target, Func`3 operation, TInterceptionContext interceptionContext, Action`3 executing, Action`3 executed)
   at System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure.Interception.DbCommandDispatcher.NonQuery(DbCommand command, DbCommandInterceptionContext interceptionContext)
   at System.Data.Entity.Internal.InterceptableDbCommand.ExecuteNonQuery()
   at System.Data.Entity.Core.Mapping.Update.Internal.DynamicUpdateCommand.Execute(Dictionary`2 identifierValues, List`1 generatedValues)
   at System.Data.Entity.Core.Mapping.Update.Internal.UpdateTranslator.Update()
   --- End of inner exception stack trace ---
   at System.Data.Entity.Core.Mapping.Update.Internal.UpdateTranslator.Update()
   at System.Data.Entity.Core.EntityClient.Internal.EntityAdapter.<Update>b__2(UpdateTranslator ut)
   at System.Data.Entity.Core.EntityClient.Internal.EntityAdapter.Update[T](T noChangesResult, Func`2 updateFunction)
   at System.Data.Entity.Core.EntityClient.Internal.EntityAdapter.Update()
   at System.Data.Entity.Core.Objects.ObjectContext.<SaveChangesToStore>b__35()
   at System.Data.Entity.Core.Objects.ObjectContext.ExecuteInTransaction[T](Func`1 func, IDbExecutionStrategy executionStrategy, Boolean startLocalTransaction, Boolean releaseConnectionOnSuccess)
   at System.Data.Entity.Core.Objects.ObjectContext.SaveChangesToStore(SaveOptions options, IDbExecutionStrategy executionStrategy, Boolean startLocalTransaction)
   at System.Data.Entity.Core.Objects.ObjectContext.<>c__DisplayClass2a.<SaveChangesInternal>b__27()
   at System.Data.Entity.SqlServer.DefaultSqlExecutionStrategy.Execute[TResult](Func`1 operation)
   at System.Data.Entity.Core.Objects.ObjectContext.SaveChangesInternal(SaveOptions options, Boolean executeInExistingTransaction)
   at System.Data.Entity.Core.Objects.ObjectContext.SaveChanges(SaveOptions options)
   at System.Data.Entity.Internal.InternalContext.SaveChanges()
   --- End of inner exception stack trace ---
   at System.Data.Entity.Internal.InternalContext.SaveChanges()
   at System.Data.Entity.Internal.LazyInternalContext.SaveChanges()
   at System.Data.Entity.DbContext.SaveChanges()
   at System.Data.Entity.Migrations.DbMigrator.SeedDatabase()
   at System.Data.Entity.Migrations.Infrastructure.MigratorLoggingDecorator.SeedDatabase()
   at System.Data.Entity.Migrations.DbMigrator.Upgrade(IEnumerable`1 pendingMigrations, String targetMigrationId, String lastMigrationId)
   at System.Data.Entity.Migrations.Infrastructure.MigratorLoggingDecorator.Upgrade(IEnumerable`1 pendingMigrations, String targetMigrationId, String lastMigrationId)
   at System.Data.Entity.Migrations.DbMigrator.UpdateInternal(String targetMigration)
   at System.Data.Entity.Migrations.DbMigrator.<>c__DisplayClassc.<Update>b__b()
   at System.Data.Entity.Migrations.DbMigrator.EnsureDatabaseExists(Action mustSucceedToKeepDatabase)
   at System.Data.Entity.Migrations.Infrastructure.MigratorBase.EnsureDatabaseExists(Action mustSucceedToKeepDatabase)
   at System.Data.Entity.Migrations.DbMigrator.Update(String targetMigration)
   at System.Data.Entity.Migrations.Infrastructure.MigratorBase.Update(String targetMigration)
   at System.Data.Entity.Migrations.Design.ToolingFacade.UpdateRunner.Run()
   at System.AppDomain.DoCallBack(CrossAppDomainDelegate callBackDelegate)
   at System.AppDomain.DoCallBack(CrossAppDomainDelegate callBackDelegate)
   at System.Data.Entity.Migrations.Design.ToolingFacade.Run(BaseRunner runner)
   at System.Data.Entity.Migrations.Design.ToolingFacade.Update(String targetMigration, Boolean force)
   at System.Data.Entity.Migrations.UpdateDatabaseCommand.<>c__DisplayClass2.<.ctor>b__0()
   at System.Data.Entity.Migrations.MigrationsDomainCommand.Execute(Action command)
An error occurred while updating the entries. See the inner exception for details.

迁移：

public partial class v0_1_0 : DbMigration
{
    public override void Up()
    {
        CreateTable(
            "Characters.Character",
            c => new
                {
                    Id = c.Guid(nullable: false),
                    Name = c.String(),
                    Nickname = c.String(),
                    Title = c.String(),
                    Description = c.String(),
                    Biography = c.String(),
                    Motto = c.String(),
                    Age = c.Int(nullable: false),
                    PortraitsId = c.Guid(nullable: false),
                    MetadataId = c.Guid(nullable: false),
                    AppearancesId = c.Guid(nullable: false),
                    OriginId = c.Guid(nullable: false),
                    Appearance_Id = c.Guid(),
                    Portrait_Id = c.Guid(),
                })
            .PrimaryKey(t => t.Id)
            .ForeignKey("Characters.Appearances", t => t.Appearance_Id)
            .ForeignKey("Characters.Metadata", t => t.MetadataId, cascadeDelete: true)
            .ForeignKey("Characters.Portraits", t => t.Portrait_Id)
            .Index(t => t.MetadataId)
            .Index(t => t.Appearance_Id)
            .Index(t => t.Portrait_Id);

        CreateTable(
            "Characters.Appearances",
            c => new
                {
                    Id = c.Guid(nullable: false),
                    Gender = c.Int(nullable: false),
                    Height = c.Int(nullable: false),
                    Weight = c.Int(nullable: false),
                    SkinColour = c.String(),
                    EyeColour = c.String(),
                    SpecialFeatures = c.String(),
                    HairColour = c.String(),
                    LipColour = c.String(),
                })
            .PrimaryKey(t => t.Id);

        CreateTable(
            "Characters.Metadata",
            c => new
                {
                    Id = c.Guid(nullable: false),
                    Tags = c.String(),
                    VoiceActor = c.String(),
                    Occurrences = c.String(),
                })
            .PrimaryKey(t => t.Id);

        CreateTable(
            "Characters.Portraits",
            c => new
                {
                    Id = c.Guid(nullable: false),
                    Data = c.Binary(),
                })
            .PrimaryKey(t => t.Id);

    }

    public override void Down()
    {
        DropForeignKey("Characters.Character", "Portrait_Id", "Characters.Portraits");
        DropForeignKey("Characters.Character", "MetadataId", "Characters.Metadata");
        DropForeignKey("Characters.Character", "Appearance_Id", "Characters.Appearances");
        DropIndex("Characters.Character", new[] { "Portrait_Id" });
        DropIndex("Characters.Character", new[] { "Appearance_Id" });
        DropIndex("Characters.Character", new[] { "MetadataId" });
        DropTable("Characters.Portraits");
        DropTable("Characters.Metadata");
        DropTable("Characters.Appearances");
        DropTable("Characters.Character");
    }
}

public partial class v0_1_1 : DbMigration
{
    public override void Up()
    {
    }

    public override void Down()
    {
    }
}

有趣的是：即使第二次迁移为空，update-database命令也会失败。第一次迁移运行得很好，但是在启动程序时出现错误。这里的附加信息是我的存储库的构造函数和它的配置文件。

internal CharacterRepository(IConverter<CharacterItem, Character> characterReadConverter, IConverter<Character, CharacterItem> characterWriteConverter)
    : base("name=RpgTools")
{
    Database.SetInitializer(new MigrateDatabaseToLatestVersion<CharacterRepository, Configuration>(true));
    this.Characters = this.Set<CharacterItem>();

    this.readConverter = new DataConverter<CharacterItem, Character>(characterReadConverter);
    this.bulkReadConverter = new DictionaryRangeConverter<CharacterItem, Guid, Character>(characterReadConverter, c => c.Id);
    this.writeConverter = new DataConverter<Character, CharacterItem>(characterWriteConverter);
}

internal sealed class Configuration : DbMigrationsConfiguration<CharacterRepository>
{
    public Configuration()
    {
        this.AutomaticMigrationsEnabled = false;
    }

    protected override void Seed(CharacterRepository context)
    {
        Guid[] ids =
        {
            new Guid("13cbbdc8-d2e6-4a9a-9525-fa9043a53082"),
            new Guid("3a34fd9b-a6e3-4567-af83-840ddf4417ba"),
            new Guid("b1256f9f-8a35-416a-8f22-6be91ffb4041"),
            new Guid("2e24283d-1ba0-4cc7-b49c-975937e8512c"),
            new Guid("2f66d513-1839-4a26-be7e-39243d6807cf")
        };

        CharacterItem char1 = new CharacterItem
        {
            Age = 22,
            Appearance = new AppearanceItem
            {
                EyeColour = "Green",
                Gender = Genders.Female,
                HairColour = "Red",
                Height = 188,
                Id = ids[1],
                LipColour = "red",
                SkinColour = "fair",
                Weight = 76
            },
            Id = ids[0],
            Metadata = new CharacterMetadataItem
            {
                Id = ids[2],
                Occurrences = string.Empty,
                Tags = "Female; Protagonist"
            },
            Motto = null,
            Name = "Sarah Fenix",
            Nickname = string.Empty,
            Portrait = null,
            Description = "Ravia Hagen's spouse",
            Title = string.Empty
        };

        var char2 = new CharacterItem
        {
            Age = 22,
            Appearance = new AppearanceItem
            {
                EyeColour = "Green",
                Gender = Genders.Female,
                HairColour = "Red",
                Height = 188,
                Id = ids[4],
                LipColour = "red",
                SkinColour = "fair",
                Weight = 76
            },
            Id = ids[3],
            Metadata = new CharacterMetadataItem
            {
                Id = ids[5],
                Occurrences = string.Empty,
                Tags = "Female; Protagonist",
                VoiceActor = string.Empty
            },
            Motto = null,
            Name = "Ravia Hagen",
            Nickname = string.Empty,
            Portrait = null,
            Description = "Sarah Fenix's spouse",
            Title = string.Empty
        };

        context.Characters.AddOrUpdate(c => c.Id, char1, char2);
    }
}

Answer 1

问题不在于更新本身，而在于您尝试更新的记录会破坏外键约束。

UPDATE语句与FOREIGN KEY约束冲突 “FK_Characters.Characters_Characters.Appearances_AppearanceId”。该数据库“RpgTools”表中发生冲突 “Characters.Appearances”，列'Id'。

我们没有您的数据库架构，所以您必须搜索您的数据库以找出有关的FK_Characters.Characters_Characters.Appearances_AppearanceId是什么，然后确保您尝试更新的记录与FK约束“合法”

Answer 2

尝试[Table("Character", Schema = "Characters")]或仅[Table("Characters.Character")]也可以。否则，EF正在尝试使用[dbo].[Character]。

如果最近引入了架构差异，则可能是问题的根源。

根据问题更新进行修改：

不确定你是如何通过编译器抛出ArrayOutOfBoundsException - 有时EF隐式空联合？ - 但考虑到你的InnerException与Metadata.Id有关，我认为它怀疑你在数组末尾使用一个值来初始化这个属性（数组5表示索引0 - 4，所以你的ids[5]超出范围。）

很可能，EF正在做一些事情＆＃34;魔术＆＃34;对你来说，而不是投掷...然而，有关这一点显然导致随后的FK违规。

你最初发布时可能会有一些略有不同的顺序，因为它是Appearances.Id是错误的。

Answer 3

我有类似的问题，但我想出了。我试图将一个具有一些属性的对象插入Table_1中，其中一个是FOREIGN KEY，它引用此数据库中另一个表（Table_2）中的PRIMARY KEY。

但是另一个Table_2是空的。因此，我必须使用主键在Table_2中创建一行（一个对象）。 PRIMARY KEY必须等于FOREIGN KEY或我想插入到Table_1中的对象的属性。

因为要在表中插入一些具有另一个表外键的对象，SQL Server会检查另一个表是否具有该外键的对象。如果没有，那就什么也没有发生。

Answer 4

这似乎是一个数据问题：

Message = UPDATE语句与FOREIGN KEY冲突约束＆＃34; FK_Characters.Characters_Characters.Appearances_AppearanceId＆＃34 ;.该数据库＆＃34; RpgTools＆＃34;，表中发生冲突＆＃34; Characters.Appearances＆＃34;，column＆＃39; Id＆＃39;。

实体框架在执行UPDATE语句时抛出异常

4 个答案: