未报告的异常IOException从URL读取文件

时间:2015-07-16 22:13:39

标签: java url exception io

我看了很多,还没有找到解决方案。它的长短是我试图从提供的URL中获取文本文件并将其读入字符串,以便我可以使用它做其他事情。

具体的编译错误是:

/tmp/java_kWWEO5/Main.java:49: error: unreported exception IOException; must be caught or declared to be thrown
        String text = readUrlTextContent("http://textfiles.com/stories/antcrick.txt");
                                        ^
1 error

导致错误的代码,位于main

import java.util.*;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.IOException;

public class Main {

    private static String readUrlTextContent(String url) throws IOException, MalformedURLException {

        URL source = new URL(url);
        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(source.openStream()));
        try {
            StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
            String line = reader.readLine();

            while (line != null) {
                builder.append(line);
                builder.append("\n");
                line = reader.readLine();
            }
            return builder.toString();
        } catch (MalformedURLException urlEx) {
            urlEx.printStackTrace();
            throw new RuntimeException("Malformed URL Exception", urlEx);            
        } catch (IOException ioEx) {
            ioEx.printStackTrace();
            throw new RuntimeException("IO Exception", ioEx);
        } finally {
            reader.close();
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        String text = readUrlTextContent("http://textfiles.com/stories/antcrick.txt");
        System.out.println(text);
    }
}

我该怎么做才能修改这个简短的程序,以便它最终编译并执行?

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:2)

当你通过将它们包装到RuntimeException中实际处理方法体中的这些异常时,你的方法签名“谎言”给编译器:

private static String readUrlTextContent(String url) throws IOException, MalformedURLException {

将此行更改为:

private static String readUrlTextContent(String url) {

那应解决编译器消息

您在此遇到的问题是检查异常所固有的问题。当一个方法声明它抛出某个异常类型时,编译器必需来检查这些异常是否被处理。

这意味着,即使您正确捕获了方法体中的异常,编译器也必须假定,这些异常可能会发生。

因此,无论何时调用reaadUrlTextContent,编译器都会检查“调用者是否处理这些异常?”

如果来电者没有......那就是你得到的:)

使您的案例更有趣的是MalformedURLExceptionIOException的子类。这意味着无论何时捕获(或抛出)IOException,MalformedURLException都将以相同的方式处理,因为它尚未被捕获。

答案 1 :(得分:1)

更新readUrlTextContent(String url)的签名,如下所示:

private static String readUrlTextContent(String url) throws IOException{
}

并且,修改main()如下:

public static void main(String[] args) {
    String text = null;
    try {
        text = readUrlTextContent("http://textfiles.com/stories/antcrick.txt");
    } catch (IOException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    System.out.println(text);
}

或者只修改readUrlTextContent(),如下所示:

private static String readUrlTextContent(String url) {
        BufferedReader reader = null;
        try {
            URL source = new URL(url);


            reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
                    source.openStream()));

            StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
            String line = reader.readLine();

            while (line != null) {
                builder.append(line);
                builder.append("\n");
                line = reader.readLine();
            }
            return builder.toString();
        } catch (MalformedURLException urlEx) {
            urlEx.printStackTrace();
            throw new RuntimeException("Malformed URL Exception", urlEx);
        } catch (IOException ioEx) {
            ioEx.printStackTrace();
            throw new RuntimeException("IO Exception", ioEx);
        } finally {
            try {
                if(null!=reader)
                    reader.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }