Question

以下给出的程序是随机生成N个私有IP地址。

如果x1 = 172，则x2值应为16到31 ......但它会生成0到255之间的值...有人可以看看，让我知道可能是什么错误？

代码：

import random

n = int(raw_input("How many IP addresses need to be generated \n"))

x1 = random.choice(["10","172","192"])


for i in range (0,n):

    if (x1 == 10 ):

        x2 = random.randint(0,255)

        x3 = random.randint(0,255)

        x4 = random.randint(0,255)

        print ".".join(map(str,([x1,x2,x3,x4])))



    elif (x1 == 172):

        x2 = random.randint(16,31)

        x3 = random.randint(0,255)

        x4 = random.randint(0,255)

        print ".".join(map(str,([x1,x2,x3,x4])))


    else:

        x2 = random.randint(0,255)

        x3 = random.randint(0,255)

        x4 = random.randint(0,255)

        print ".".join(map(str,([x1,x2,x3,x4])))

Answer 1

这是因为您正在检查int with string

<强>即）

1=="1"
Out[10]: False

<强>修饰：

import random
n = int(raw_input("How many IP addresses need to be generated \n"))
x1 = random.choice(["172","192","10"])    
for i in range (0,n):
    if (int(x1) == 10 ):
        x2 = random.randint(0,255)        
        x3 = random.randint(0,255)
        x4 = random.randint(0,255)
        print ".".join(map(str,([x1,x2,x3,x4])))

    elif (int(x1) == 172):
        x2 = random.randint(16,31)            
        x3 = random.randint(0,255)
        x4 = random.randint(0,255)
        print ".".join(map(str,([x1,x2,x3,x4])))

    else:    
        x2 = random.randint(0,255)
        x3 = random.randint(0,255)        
        x4 = random.randint(0,255)
        print ".".join(map(str,([x1,x2,x3,x4])))

修改

import random n = int(raw_input("How many IP addresses need to be generated \n")) x1 = random.choice([172,192,10]) for i in range (0,n): if (int(x1) == 10 ): x2 = random.randint(0,255) x3 = random.randint(0,255) x4 = random.randint(0,255) print ".".join(map(str,([x1,x2,x3,x4]))) elif (int(x1) == 172): x2 = random.randint(16,31) x3 = random.randint(0,255) x4 = random.randint(0,255) print ".".join(map(str,([x1,x2,x3,x4]))) else: x2 = random.randint(0,255) x3 = random.randint(0,255) x4 = random.randint(0,255) print ".".join(map(str,([x1,x2,x3,x4])))

<强> EDIT2：

自if and else或执行相同操作后，您可以将它们合并为else

import random n = int(raw_input("How many IP addresses need to be generated \n")) x1 = random.choice([172,192,10]) for i in range (0,n): if (int(x1) == 172): x2 = random.randint(16,31) x3 = random.randint(0,255) x4 = random.randint(0,255) print ".".join(map(str,([x1,x2,x3,x4]))) else: x2 = random.randint(0,255) x3 = random.randint(0,255) x4 = random.randint(0,255) print ".".join(map(str,([x1,x2,x3,x4])))

<强>输出：

How many IP addresses need to be generated 20 10.88.254.205 10.205.49.201 10.67.147.81 10.10.75.63 10.136.166.197 10.241.237.2 10.33.204.114 10.10.190.132 10.11.72.207 10.24.178.32 10.215.156.125 10.75.79.15 10.47.159.174 10.177.12.191 10.96.189.105 10.141.216.118 10.99.138.176 10.92.138.176 10.81.147.16 10.246.147.4

<强> EDIT3：

我个人认为是x1 that is ip first segment should change randomly when looping

因此，此修改代码：

import random n = int(raw_input("How many IP addresses need to be generated \n")) for i in range (0,n): x1 = random.choice([172,192,10]) #moved inside loop if (int(x1) == 172): x2 = random.randint(16,31) x3 = random.randint(0,255) x4 = random.randint(0,255) print ".".join(map(str,([x1,x2,x3,x4]))) else: x2 = random.randint(0,255) x3 = random.randint(0,255) x4 = random.randint(0,255) print ".".join(map(str,([x1,x2,x3,x4])))

<强>输出：

How many IP addresses need to be generated 20 192.178.231.68 192.253.233.190 192.114.158.193 192.196.30.127 172.22.44.3 172.23.180.6 10.69.55.105 10.105.63.195 172.21.0.195 192.83.125.135 10.36.196.137 10.8.251.102 192.38.130.4 172.22.21.131 10.204.243.231 192.136.121.203 172.30.89.149 192.40.178.100 192.155.127.75 172.23.97.228

Answer 2

当设置x1时，您使用引号将其设为字符串。删除引号，它将是一个数字。稍后将它与数值进行比较时，这很重要。

x1 = random.choice([10,172,192])

然后比较elif（x1 == 172）将按预期工作。

Answer 3

可以用这段代码完成吗？

from random import randint
def randomPrivateIPaddress():
    network_type = randint(0, 2)
    if network_type == 0:
        return "10.%d.%d.%d" % (randint(0, 255), randint(0, 255), randint(0, 255))
    elif network_type == 1:
        return "172.%d.%d.%d" % (randint(16, 31), randint(0, 255), randint(0, 255))
    else:
        return "192.168.%d.%d" % (randint(0,255), randint(0,255))

然后，您可以将这些字符串与ipaddress模块一起使用。

Answer 4

这里的许多人提供了很好的解决方案来处理众所周知的私有 IP 地址。我所说的“众所周知”指的是：

192.168.xxx.xxx
172.16.xxx.xxx - 172.16.31.255.255
10.xxx.xxx.xxx

不过。我确实想澄清，基于 IANA documentation，还有许多其他“保留”IP 地址范围不用于公共用途。这些都可以被认为是在“私人”空间中。最值得注意的是 localhost 范围 (127.xxx.xxx.xxx) 和组播地址 (240.0.0.0/4)，它们在今天被广泛使用。

用于生成专用IP地址的Python程序

4 个答案: