我正在使用Spring-boot测试（通过JUnit4和Spring MockMvc）一个REST服务适配器。适配器只是将对其发出的请求传递给另一个REST服务（使用自定义RestTemplate），并将其他数据附加到响应中。
我想运行MockMvc测试来执行控制器集成测试，但是想要使用模拟覆盖控制器中的RestTemplate，以允许我预定义第三方REST响应并阻止它在每次测试中被击中。我已经能够通过实例化MockMvcBuilders.standAloneSetup()并将其传递给要测试的控制器来完成此操作，并按照此post中列出的模拟进行测试（我的设置如下），但我无法使用MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup()执行相同操作。
我已经阅读了其他一些帖子，其中没有一篇回答关于如何实现这一目标的问题。我想将实际的Spring应用程序上下文用于测试，而不是单独使用，以防止应用程序可能增长时出现任何差距。
编辑：我使用Mockito作为我的模拟框架，并试图将其中一个模拟注入上下文。如果没有必要，那就更好了。控制器：
@RestController
@RequestMapping(Constants.REQUEST_MAPPING_PATH)
public class Controller{
@Autowired
private DataProvider dp;
@Autowired
private RestTemplate template;
@RequestMapping(value = Constants.REQUEST_MAPPING_RESOURCE, method = RequestMethod.GET)
public Response getResponse(
@RequestParam(required = true) String data,
@RequestParam(required = false, defaultValue = "80") String minScore
) throws Exception {
Response resp = new Response();
// Set the request params from the client request
Map<String, String> parameters = new HashMap<String, String>();
parameters.put(Constants.PARAM_DATA, data);
parameters.put(Constants.PARAM_FORMAT, Constants.PARAMS_FORMAT.JSON);
resp = template.getForObject(Constants.RESTDATAPROVIDER_URL, Response.class, parameters);
if(resp.getError() == null){
resp.filterScoreLessThan(new BigDecimal(minScore));
new DataHandler(dp).populateData(resp.getData());
}
return resp;
}
}
测试类：
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@WebAppConfiguration
@SpringApplicationConfiguration(classes = MainSpringBootAdapter.class)
@TestPropertySource("/application-junit.properties")
public class WacControllerTest {
private static String controllerURL = Constants.REQUEST_MAPPING_PATH + Constants.REQUEST_MAPPING_RESOURCE + compressedParams_all;
private static String compressedParams_all = "?data={data}&minScore={minScore}";
@Autowired
private WebApplicationContext wac;
private MockMvc mockMvc;
@InjectMocks
private Controller Controller;
@Mock
private RestTemplate rt;
@Value("${file}")
private String file;
@Spy
private DataProvider dp;
@Before
public void setup() throws Exception {
dp = new DataProvider(file);
MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(controller).build();
}
@Test
public void testGetResponse() throws Exception {
String[] strings = {"requestData", "100"};
Mockito.when(
rt.getForObject(Mockito.<String> any(), Mockito.<Class<Object>> any(), Mockito.<Map<String, ?>> any()))
.thenReturn(populateTestResponse());
mockMvc.perform(get(controllerURL, strings)
.accept(Constants.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8))
.andDo(MockMvcResultHandlers.print());
Mockito.verify(rt, Mockito.times(1)).getForObject(Mockito.<String> any(), Mockito.<Class<?>> any(), Mockito.<Map<String, ?>> any());
}
private Response populateTestResponse() {
Response resp = new Response();
resp.setScore(new BigDecimal(100));
resp.setData("Some Data");
return resp;
}
}
答案 0 :(得分：16)
Spring MockRestServiceServer正是您所寻找的。
来自类的javadoc的简短描述：
客户端REST测试的主要入口点。用于涉及直接或间接（通过客户端代码）使用RestTemplate的测试。提供了一种方法，可以对将通过RestTemplate执行的请求设置细粒度的期望，以及一种定义响应的方法，以便发送回来，从而无需实际运行的服务器。
尝试像这样设置你的测试：
@WebAppConfiguration
@ContextConfiguration(classes = {YourSpringConfig.class})
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
public class ExampleResourceTest {
private MockMvc mockMvc;
private MockRestServiceServer mockRestServiceServer;
@Autowired
private WebApplicationContext wac;
@Autowired
private RestOperations restOperations;
@Before
public void setUp() throws Exception {
mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(this.wac).build();
mockRestServiceServer = MockRestServiceServer.createServer((RestTemplate) restOperations);
}
@Test
public void testMyApiCall() throws Exception {
// Following line verifies that our code behind /api/my/endpoint made a REST PUT
// with expected parameters to remote service successfully
expectRestCallSuccess();
this.mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.get("/api/my/endpoint"))
.andExpect(status().isOk());
}
private void expectRestCallSuccess() {
mockRestServiceServer.expect(
requestTo("http://remote.rest.service/api/resource"))
.andExpect(method(PUT))
.andRespond(withSuccess("{\"message\": \"hello\"}", APPLICATION_JSON));
}
}
答案 1 :(得分：5)
这是另一种解决方案。简单地说，它只是创建一个新的RestTemplate bean并覆盖已注册的bean。
因此，虽然它执行的功能与@mzc回答相同，但它允许我使用Mockito来制作响应，并且验证匹配更容易一些。
这不仅仅是几行代码，而且还可以防止必须添加额外的代码以从Response对象转换为上述mockRestServiceServer.expect().andRespond(<String>)方法的arg的字符串。
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@WebAppConfiguration
@SpringApplicationConfiguration(classes = MainSpringBootAdapter.class)
@TestPropertySource("/application-junit.properties")
public class WacControllerTest {
private static String Controller_URL = Constants.REQUEST_MAPPING_PATH + Constants.REQUEST_MAPPING_RESOURCE + compressedParams_all;
@Configuration
static class Config {
@Bean
@Primary
public RestTemplate restTemplateMock() {
return Mockito.mock(RestTemplate.class);
}
}
@Autowired
private WebApplicationContext wac;
private MockMvc mockMvc;
@InjectMocks
private Controller Controller;
@Mock
private RestTemplate rt;
@Value("${file}")
private String file;
@Spy
private DataProvider dp;
@Before
public void setup() throws Exception {
dp = new DataProvider(file);
MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(this.wac).build();
this.rt = (RestTemplate) this.wac.getBean("restTemplateMock");
}
@Test
public void testGetResponse() throws Exception {
String[] strings = {"request", "100"};
//Set the request params from the client request
Map<String, String> parameters = new HashMap<String, String>();
parameters.put(Constants.PARAM_SINGLELINE, strings[0]);
parameters.put(Constants.PARAM_FORMAT, Constants.PARAMS_FORMAT.JSON);
Mockito.when(
rt.getForObject(Mockito.<String> any(), Mockito.<Class<Object>> any(), Mockito.<Map<String, ?>> any()))
.thenReturn(populateTestResponse());
mockMvc.perform(get(Controller_URL, strings)
.accept(Constants.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8))
.andDo(MockMvcResultHandlers.print());
Mockito.verify(rt, Mockito.times(1)).getForObject(Mockito.<String> any(), Mockito.<Class<?>> any(), Mockito.<Map<String, ?>> any());
}
private Response populateTestResponse() {
Response resp = new Response();
resp.setScore(new BigDecimal(100));
resp.setData("Some Data");
return resp;
}
}
答案 2 :(得分：0)
org.springframework.boot.test.mock.mockito.MockBean @MockBean帮助了我。