C ++在循环

时间:2015-10-09 18:13:44

标签: c++ random

我想在循环内生成随机数,但结果总是相同的数字 我做错了什么?谢谢。

代码

#include <fstream>
#include <ctime>
#include <cstdlib>

using namespace std;

const char duom[] = "U1.txt";
const char rez[] = "U1_rez.txt";

void num_gen(int & x, int & y);

int main(){
    srand(time(NULL));

    int x, y;

    ifstream fd(duom);
    fd >> x >> y;
    fd.close();

    ofstream fr(rez);
    for(int j = 1; j <= 4; j++){
        num_gen(x, y);
        fr << x << " + " << y << " = "<< x + y << endl;
        fr << x << " - " << y << " = "<< x - y << endl;
        fr << x << " * " << y << " = "<< x * y << endl;
        fr << x << " / " << y << " = "<< x / y << endl;
        fr << "************" << endl;
    }
    fr.close();
    return 0;
}

void num_gen(int & x, int & y){
     x = 3 + (rand() % 10);
     y = 3 + (rand() % 10);
}

结果

4 + 8 = 12
4 - 8 = -4
4 * 8 = 32
4/8 = 0
************
4 + 9 = 13
4 - 9 = -5
4 * 9 = 36
4/9 = 0
************
9 + 11 = 20
9 - 11 = -2
9 * 11 = 99
9/11 = 0
************
12 + 8 = 20
12 - 8 = 4
12 * 8 = 96
12/8 = 1
************

3 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:4)

随着C ++ 11/14的出现,您实际上应该放弃使用srand&amp; rand&amp;使用标题#include<random>中声明的更高效的RANDOM NUMBER GENERATING MACHINES。以一个简单的例子说明: -

#include <iostream>
#include <random>   // for default_random_engine & uniform_int_distribution<int>
#include <chrono>   // to provide seed to the default_random_engine
using namespace std;

default_random_engine dre (chrono::steady_clock::now().time_since_epoch().count());     // provide seed
int random (int lim)
{
    uniform_int_distribution<int> uid {0,lim};   // help dre to generate nos from 0 to lim (lim included);
    return uid(dre);    // pass dre as an argument to uid to generate the random no
}

int main()
{
    for (int i=0;i<10;++i)
    cout<<random(10)<<" ";
    return 0;
}

上述代码的一个输出是: -

8 5 0 4 2 7 9 6 10 8

请参阅,数字从0到10不等。根据您所需的输出,在uniform_int_distribution中给出限制。这件事很少失败&amp;你可以在更大的范围内生成随机数,而不必像你那样担心令人发指的输出。

答案 1 :(得分:2)

可能是因为随机方法随着计算机的运行而运行。因此,如果在相同的1/10000秒内,您的计算机执行了他需要执行的所有操作,您可能会读取相同的数字,因为随机方法无法刷新该值。尝试在for的末尾(如sleep(100))进行睡眠,并检查值是否发生了变化。

答案 2 :(得分:1)

我认为你的代码应该生成不同的&#34;伪&#34;每次运行时3到12之间的随机数,只要每次运行之间经过一秒钟。检查这一切是否真的是你想要的。

当你打电话给time(NULL)时,也许你只是比一秒钟的增加更快地运行它,这会返回自纪元以来的秒数。

无论如何,你的随机数不是很好,因为你使用低阶位。我在rand()手册页中记录了这段摘录:

In  Numerical Recipes in C: The Art of Scientific Computing (William H.
       Press, Brian P. Flannery, Saul A. Teukolsky, William T. Vetterling; New
       York:  Cambridge University Press, 1992 (2nd ed., p. 277)), the follow-
       ing comments are made:
              "If you want to generate a random integer between 1 and 10,  you
              should always do it by using high-order bits, as in

                     j = 1 + (int) (10.0 * (rand() / (RAND_MAX + 1.0)));

              and never by anything resembling

                     j = 1 + (rand() % 10);

              (which uses lower-order bits)."