Question

鉴于以下shell脚本，有人会非常友好地解释grep -Po正则表达式吗？

#!/bin/bash
# Issue the request for a bearer token, json is returned
raw_json=`curl -s -X POST -d "username=name&password=secret&client_id=security-admin-console" http://localhost:8081/auth/realms/master/tokens/grants/access`
# Strip away all but the "access_token" field's value using a Python regular expression
bearerToken=`echo $raw_json | grep -Po '"'"access_token"'"\s*:\s*"\K([^"]*)'`
echo "The bearer token is:"
echo $bearerToken

具体而言，我对理解正则表达式的各个部分感兴趣

grep -Po '"'"access_token"'"\s*:\s*"\K([^"]*)'`

以及它如何运作。为什么这么多报价呢？什么是＆＃34; K＆＃34;对于？我对grep正则表达式有一些经验，但这让我很困惑。

这是curl命令的实际输出，shell脚本（grep）按需运行，只返回＆＃34; access_token＆＃34;的内容。值。

{＆＃34;的access_token＆＃34;：＆＃34; .fQmQKn-xatvflHPAaxCfrrVow3ynpw0sREho7__jZo2d0g1SwZV7Lf4C26CcweNLlb3wmKHHo63HRz35qRxJ7BXyiZwHgXokvDJj13yuOb6Sirg9z02n6fwGy8Iog30pUvffnDaVnUWHfVL-h_R4-OZNf-_YUK5RcL2DHt0zUXI＆＃34;＆＃34; expires_in＆＃34; 60＆＃34; refresh_expires_in＆＃34; ：1800，＆＃34; refresh_token＆＃34;：＆＃34; eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiJ9.eyJqdGkiOiJlNWFmYTZiOC04ZjM5LTQ5MjUtOWZiMC00MmY3MTM4YzUzMGIiLCJleHAiOjE0NDY4Mjk3OTksIm5iZiI6MCwAreYouKiddingIwouldnotputSOmethigRealHereNpb25fc3RhdGUiOiI2MmVm 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.WeiJOC1jQ52aKgnW8UN2Lv9rJ_yKZiOhijOYKLN2EEOkYF8rvRZsSKbTPFKTIUvjnwy2A7V_N-GhhJH4C-T7F5__QPNofSXbCNyvATj52jGLxk9V0Afvk-Z5QAWi55PJRTC0qteeMRcO2Frw-0KtKYe9o3UcGICJubxhZHsXBLA＆＃34;＆＃34; token_type＆＃34;：＆＃34;承载＆＃34;＆＃34; id_token＆＃34;：＆＃34; eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiJ9.eyJuYW1lIjoiIiwianRpIjoiMGIyMGI0ODctOTI4OS00YTFhLTgyNmMtM2NiOTg0MDJkMzVkIiwiZXhwIjoxNDQ2ODI4MDU5LCJuYmYiO jAsImlhdCI6MTQ0NjgyNzk5OIwouldhaveToBeNutsUiLCJwcmVmZXJyZWRfdXNlcm5hbWUiOiJhZG1pbiIsImVtYWlsX3ZlcmlmaWVkIjpmYWxzZX0.DmG8Lm4niL1djzNrLsZ2CrsB1ZzUPnR2Nm7IZnrwrmkXsrPxjl6pyXKCWSj6pbk2sgVI8NNFqrGIJmEJ7gkTZWm328VGGpJsmMuJBki0KbqBRKORGQSgkas_34rwzhcTE3Iki8h_YVs2vvNIx_eZSOvIzyEcP3IGHuBoxcR6W3E＆＃34;＆＃34;未之前策略＆＃34;：0，＆＃34;会话状态＆＃34;：＆＃34; 62efc05c-1bf5-4f55-b749-5e0eff94155b＆＃34;}

如果有人发现这篇文章，这就是我最终使用的内容：

if hash jq 2>/dev/null; then
  # Use the jq command to safely parse json
  bearerToken=$(echo $raw_json | jq -r '.access_token')
else
  # Strip away all but the "access_token" field's value using a perl regular expression
  bearerToken=$(echo $raw_json | grep -Po '"'"access_token"'"\s*:\s*"\K([^"]*)')
fi

Answer 1

由于并非所有正则表达式都支持lookbehind，Perl引入了\K。一般来说，当你有：

a\Kb

当“b”匹配时，\K告诉引擎假装在此位置开始匹配尝试。

在您的示例中，您希望假装匹配尝试是在“”access_token“：”文本之后出现的内容开始的。

此示例将更好地演示\K用法：

~$ echo 'hello world' | grep -oP 'hello \K(world)'
world
~$ echo 'hello world' | grep -oP 'hello (world)'
hello world

什么＆＃39; \ K＆＃39;这个正则表达式意味着什么？

1 个答案: