您可以这样做：

Question

我想解析一个文本文件的每一行，每个文本文件都与此类似：

New Mexico,Santa Fe
Alabama,Montgomery

我想解析每一行，以便我最终得到这个：

states = ['Alabama', 'Alaska', 'Arizona', 'Arkansas']
cities = ['Montgomery', 'Juneau', 'Phoenix', 'Little Rock']

文本文件的内容已存储在函数f.read()中，并由以下内容定义：

#module imports
import sys
import random

fname = sys.argv[1]
with open(fname, 'r') as f:
    print(f.read())

Answer 1

这有用吗？

>>> with open('file') as f:
...     text = [i.strip() for i in f]
...     
... 
>>> text
['New Mexico,Santa Fe', 'Alabama,Montgomery']
>>> states = []
>>> cities = []
>>> for i in text:
...     states.append(i.split(',')[0])
...     cities.append(i.split(',')[1])
...     
... 
>>> states
['New Mexico', 'Alabama']
>>> cities
['Santa Fe', 'Montgomery']
>>>

Answer 2

您可以这样做：

import sys
states = []
cities = []
fname = sys.argv[1]
f = open(fname, 'r')
for line in f:
    line = line.rstrip() # This will remove all the whitespaces at the end of the line
    line = line.split(',')
    states.append(line[0])
    cities.append(line[1])

print states
print cities
f.close()

Answer 3

首先将其转换为字典。然后一个列表是字典的keys，另一个列表是字典的values。

在使用之前，请不要忘记查看sys.argv长度。

import sys

if len(sys.argv) < 2:
    print('must provide filename')
    exit()

with open(sys.argv[1], 'r') as f:
    d = dict(reversed(line.strip().split(',')) for line in f)

    cities = list(d.keys())
    states = list(d.values())

print('cities = %r' % cities)
print('states = %r' % states)

我添加了reversed，因为将城市名称作为键，将州名称作为值更有意义。

将文本文件转换为列表

3 个答案:

您可以这样做：