通用接口/基类 - 访问没有类型约束的成员

时间:2016-01-15 08:27:13

标签: c# generics inheritance interface

假设我的类结构如下所示:

public abstract class MyOtherBaseClass
{
  public string HelloWorld;
}
public interface MyInterface<T> where T : MyOtherBaseClass
{
  T MyObject { get; set; }
}
public abstract class MyBaseClass<T> : MyInterface<T>
  where T : MyOtherBaseClass
{
  public T MyObject { get; set; }
}
public class MyImplementation : MyBaseClass<MyOtherBaseClass>
{

}

MyObject的任何实施中,我有什么办法可以访问MyBaseClass吗?我无法使用MyBaseClassMyInterface的变量,因为我必须指定类型约束,但在我的情况下,我对指定它们并不感兴趣,因为我想做的就是访问其中的值。

理想情况下,我希望能够做到这样的事情:

MyBaseClass baseObject = null;
if(someCondition)
{
   baseObject = new MyImplementation();
}
else if(otherCondition)
{
   baseObject = new OtherImplementation(); //this also inherits from MyBaseClass
}
var objectValue = baseObject.MyObject;
var helloWorldValue = objectValue.HelloWorld;

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

你想要的并非完全可能,而不是泛型。类型MyBaseClass根本不存在。泛型类型必须具有泛型类型参数。

如果您不想使用泛型,为什么要使用泛型?

这也可能是一个有效的选择:

public interface MyInterface
{
  object MyObject { get; set; }
}
public abstract class MyBaseClass : MyInterface
{
  public object  MyObject { get; set; }
}

当然,在此示例中,您必须将对象强制转换为特定类型。

您还可以结合使用这两种技术:

public interface MyInterface // This is the non-generic interface.
{
    object MyObject { get; set; }
}
public interface MyInterface<T> // This is the generic interface.

    where T : MyOtherBaseClass
{
    T MyObject { get; set; }
}
public abstract class MyBaseClass<T> : MyInterface, MyInterface<T> // This class implements both the non-generic and the generic interface.
  where T : MyOtherBaseClass
{
    public T MyObject { get; set; } // Implementation of the generic property.
    object MyInterface.MyObject // Implementation of the non-generic property.
    {
        get { return MyObject; }
        set { MyObject = (T)value; }
    }
}
...
MyInterface baseObject; // The non-generic interface is used as base object.
baseObject = new MyImplementation(); // It is assigned an instance of MyImplementation which uses a generic base class.
object value = baseObject.MyObject;