使用Python和imaplib在GMail中移动电子邮件

时间:2010-08-20 03:13:42

标签: python gmail imap imaplib

我希望能够使用Python将GMail中的电子邮件从收件箱移动到另一个文件夹。我正在使用imaplib而无法弄清楚如何做到这一点。

8 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:37)

IMAP没有明确的移动命令。您必须执行COPY后跟STORE(带有适当的标记以表示删除),最后执行expunge。下面给出的示例用于将消息从一个标签移动到另一个标签。您可能希望添加更多错误检查。

import imaplib, getpass, re
pattern_uid = re.compile('\d+ \(UID (?P<uid>\d+)\)')

def connect(email):
    imap = imaplib.IMAP4_SSL("imap.gmail.com")
    password = getpass.getpass("Enter your password: ")
    imap.login(email, password)
    return imap

def disconnect(imap):
    imap.logout()

def parse_uid(data):
    match = pattern_uid.match(data)
    return match.group('uid')

if __name__ == '__main__':
    imap = connect('<your mail id>')
    imap.select(mailbox = '<source folder>', readonly = False)
    resp, items = imap.search(None, 'All')
    email_ids  = items[0].split()
    latest_email_id = email_ids[-1] # Assuming that you are moving the latest email.

    resp, data = imap.fetch(latest_email_id, "(UID)")
    msg_uid = parse_uid(data[0])

    result = imap.uid('COPY', msg_uid, '<destination folder>')

    if result[0] == 'OK':
        mov, data = imap.uid('STORE', msg_uid , '+FLAGS', '(\Deleted)')
        imap.expunge()

    disconnect(imap)

答案 1 :(得分:5)

对于Gmail,根据其api working with labels,您唯一要做的就是添加目标标签并删除src标签:

import imaplib
obj = imaplib.IMAP4_SSL('imap.gmail.com', 993)
obj.login('username', 'password')
obj.select(src_folder_name)
typ, data = obj.uid('STORE', msg_uid, '+X-GM-LABELS', desti_folder_name)
typ, data = obj.uid('STORE', msg_uid, '-X-GM-LABELS', src_folder_name)

答案 2 :(得分:4)

我想有一个电子邮件的uid将被移动。

import imaplib
obj = imaplib.IMAP4_SSL('imap.gmail.com', 993)
obj.login('username', 'password')
obj.select(src_folder_name)
apply_lbl_msg = obj.uid('COPY', msg_uid, desti_folder_name)
if apply_lbl_msg[0] == 'OK':
    mov, data = obj.uid('STORE', msg_uid , '+FLAGS', '(\Deleted)')
    obj.expunge()

答案 3 :(得分:3)

以前的解决方案都不适合我。我无法从所选文件夹中删除邮件,并且当标签是所选文件夹时无法删除文件夹的标签。以下是最终为我工作的内容:

import email, getpass, imaplib, os, sys, re

user = "user@example.com"
pwd = "password" #getpass.getpass("Enter your password: ")

m = imaplib.IMAP4_SSL("imap.gmail.com")
m.login(user,pwd)

from_folder = "Notes"
to_folder = "food"

m.select(from_folder, readonly = False)

response, emailids = imap.search(None, 'All')
assert response == 'OK'

emailids = emailids[0].split()

errors = []
labeled = []
for emailid in emailids:
    result = m.fetch(emailid, '(X-GM-MSGID)')
    if result[0] != 'OK':
        errors.append(emailid)
        continue

    gm_msgid = re.findall(r"X-GM-MSGID (\d+)", result[1][0])[0]

    result = m.store(emailid, '+X-GM-LABELS', to_folder)

    if result[0] != 'OK':
        errors.append(emailid)
        continue

    labeled.append(gm_msgid)

m.close()
m.select(to_folder, readonly = False)

errors2 = []

for gm_msgid in labeled:
    result = m.search(None, '(X-GM-MSGID "%s")' % gm_msgid)

    if result[0] != 'OK':
        errors2.append(gm_msgid)
        continue

    emailid = result[1][0]
    result = m.store(emailid, '-X-GM-LABELS', from_folder)

    if result[0] != 'OK':
        errors2.append(gm_msgid)
        continue

m.close()
m.logout()

if errors: print >>sys.stderr, len(errors), "failed to add label", to_folder
if errors2: print >>sys.stderr, len(errors2), "failed to remove label", from_folder

答案 4 :(得分:1)

我知道这是一个非常古老的问题,但无论如何。 Manoj Govindan建议的解决方案可能完美无缺(我没有测试过,但它看起来很像。我遇到的问题是我必须解决的问题是如何复制/移动多个电子邮件!!!

所以我提出了解决方案,未来其他人可能会遇到同样的问题。

步骤很简单,我连接到我的电子邮件(GMAIL)帐户选择要处理的文件夹(例如INBOX)获取所有uid,而不是电子邮件列表编号。这是一个值得注意的关键点。如果我们获取了电子邮件的列表数量,然后我们处理了列表,那么我们最终会遇到问题。当我们移动电子邮件时,过程很简单(在目标文件夹中复制并从每个当前位置删除电子邮件)。如果您有电子邮件列表,则会出现此问题,例如收件箱内有4封电子邮件,我们处理列表中的第二封电子邮件,然后第3和第4封不同,它们不是我们认为会发生的电子邮件,这会导致错误,因为列表项目编号为4因为列表向下移动了一个位置,因为2位置为空。

因此,解决此问题的唯一方法是使用UID。这是每封电子邮件的唯一编号。因此,无论电子邮件如何更改,此号码都将与电子邮件绑定。

所以在下面的例子中,我在第一步获取UID,检查文件夹是否为空没有处理文件夹的点,否则迭代文件夹中找到的所有电子邮件。接下来获取每个电子邮件标题。标题将帮助我们获取主题并将电子邮件的主题与我们正在搜索的主题进行比较。如果主题匹配,则继续复制并删除该电子邮件。然后你就完成了。就这么简单。

#!/usr/bin/env python

import email
import pprint
import imaplib

__author__ = 'author'


def initialization_process(user_name, user_password, folder):
    imap4 = imaplib.IMAP4_SSL('imap.gmail.com')  # Connects over an SSL encrypted socket
    imap4.login(user_name, user_password)
    imap4.list()  # List of "folders" aka labels in gmail
    imap4.select(folder)  # Default INBOX folder alternative select('FOLDER')
    return imap4


def logout_process(imap4):
    imap4.close()
    imap4.logout()
    return


def main(user_email, user_pass, scan_folder, subject_match, destination_folder):
    try:
        imap4 = initialization_process(user_email, user_pass, scan_folder)
        result, items = imap4.uid('search', None, "ALL")  # search and return uids
        dictionary = {}
        if items == ['']:
            dictionary[scan_folder] = 'Is Empty'
        else:
            for uid in items[0].split():  # Each uid is a space separated string
                dictionary[uid] = {'MESSAGE BODY': None, 'BOOKING': None, 'SUBJECT': None, 'RESULT': None}
                result, header = imap4.uid('fetch', uid, '(UID BODY[HEADER])')
                if result != 'OK':
                    raise Exception('Can not retrieve "Header" from EMAIL: {}'.format(uid))
                subject = email.message_from_string(header[0][1])
                subject = subject['Subject']
                if subject is None:
                    dictionary[uid]['SUBJECT'] = '(no subject)'
                else:
                    dictionary[uid]['SUBJECT'] = subject
                if subject_match in dictionary[uid]['SUBJECT']:
                    result, body = imap4.uid('fetch', uid, '(UID BODY[TEXT])')
                    if result != 'OK':
                        raise Exception('Can not retrieve "Body" from EMAIL: {}'.format(uid))
                    dictionary[uid]['MESSAGE BODY'] = body[0][1]
                    list_body = dictionary[uid]['MESSAGE BODY'].splitlines()
                    result, copy = imap4.uid('COPY', uid, destination_folder)
                    if result == 'OK':
                        dictionary[uid]['RESULT'] = 'COPIED'
                        result, delete = imap4.uid('STORE', uid, '+FLAGS', '(\Deleted)')
                        imap4.expunge()
                        if result == 'OK':
                            dictionary[uid]['RESULT'] = 'COPIED/DELETED'
                        elif result != 'OK':
                            dictionary[uid]['RESULT'] = 'ERROR'
                            continue
                    elif result != 'OK':
                        dictionary[uid]['RESULT'] = 'ERROR'
                        continue
                else:
                    print "Do something with not matching emails"
                    # do something else instead of copy
            dictionary = {scan_folder: dictionary}
    except imaplib.IMAP4.error as e:
        print("Error, {}".format(e))
    except Exception as e:
        print("Error, {}".format(e))
    finally:
        logout_process(imap4)
        return dictionary

if __name__ == "__main__":
    username = 'example.email@gmail.com'
    password = 'examplePassword'
    main_dictionary = main(username, password, 'INBOX', 'BOKNING', 'TMP_FOLDER')
    pprint.pprint(main_dictionary)
    exit(0)

有关imaplib Python — imaplib IMAP example with Gmailimaplib documentation的有用信息。

答案 5 :(得分:1)

这是将多个文件夹从一个文件夹移动到另一个文件夹的解决方案。

    mail_server = 'imap.gamil.com'
    account_id = 'yourimap@gmail.com'
    password = 'testpasword'
    TLS_port = '993'
    # connection to imap  
    conn = imaplib.IMAP4_SSL(mail_server,TLS_port)
    try:
        (retcode, capabilities) = conn.login(account_id, password)
        # return HttpResponse("pass")
    except:
        # return HttpResponse("fail")
        messages.error(request, 'Request Failed! Unable to connect to Mailbox. Please try again.')
        return redirect('addIEmMailboxes')

    conn.select('"INBOX"') 
    (retcode, messagess) = conn.uid('search', None, "ALL")
    if retcode == 'OK':
        for num in messagess[0].split():
            typ, data = conn.uid('fetch', num,'(RFC822)')
            msg = email.message_from_bytes((data[0][1]))
            #MOVE MESSAGE TO ProcessedEmails FOLDER
            result = conn.uid('COPY', num, 'ProcessedEmails')
            if result[0] == 'OK':
                mov, data = conn.uid('STORE', num , '+FLAGS', '(\Deleted)')
                conn.expunge()
            
    conn.close()
    return redirect('addIEmMailboxes')

答案 6 :(得分:0)

使用Python 3解决方案,可将Zoho邮件从“废纸to”转移到“存档”。 (Zoho不会存档已删除的邮件,因此,如果要永久保留它们,则需要从“废纸rash”移到存档文件夹。)

Map key cannot be float, double, bytes, message, or enum types

答案 7 :(得分:0)

您可以使用外部库 imap_tools:

https://github.com/ikvk/imap_tools

@Entity(tablename="tbl_post")
data class Post(
@PrimaryKey(autoGenerate = true)
    val postId:Int,
    val name: String?,
    val details:String?))
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