我尝试用Jasmine测试我的应用程序并遇到以下问题：
我将在我的承诺的then函数中计算一些东西。这就是我需要测试代码的地方。
这是我的控制器的代码：
TestCtrl.$inject = ["$scope", "TestService"];
/* ngInject */
function TestCtrl($scope, TestService) {
$scope.loadData = function () {
TestService.getData().then(function (response) {
$scope.data = response.data;
$scope.filtered = $scope.data.filter(function(item){
if(item.id > 1000){
return true;
}
return false;
})
});
}
}
我的Jasmine测试代码：
describe('TestService tests', function () {
var $q;
beforeEach(function () {
module('pilot.fw.user');
});
beforeEach(inject(function (_$q_) {
$q = _$q_;
}));
describe('UserController Tests', function () {
beforeEach(inject(function (_$httpBackend_, $rootScope, $controller) {
this.scope = $rootScope.$new();
this.$rootscope = $rootScope;
this.$httpBackend = _$httpBackend_;
this.scope = $rootScope.$new();
var TestServiceMock = {
getData: function () {
var deferred = $q.defer();
var result = [{
"id": 1720,
"user": 1132
},
{
"id": 720,
"user": 132
}, {
"id": 1721,
"user": 1132
}];
deferred.promise.data = result;
deferred.resolve(result);
return deferred.promise;
}
};
this.controller = $controller('TestCtrl', {
'$scope': this.scope,
'TestService': TestServiceMock
});
}));
it('test', function(){
this.scope.loadData();
expect(true).toBeTruthy();
})
});
});
我不明白的奇怪之处是（通过控制台日志测试）：
那我怎样才能测试 然后 功能中的代码？
谢谢你的帮助
答案 0 :(得分：37)
it('Should be async', function(done) {
someAsyncFunction().then(function(result) {
expect(result).toBe(true);
done();
});
});
随意尽可能深入，只要务必在一切完成后致电。 Jasmine的默认超时是每次测试5秒，所以如果异步的东西没有完成，那么jasmine会崩溃。您可以在配置中更改此设置或将其设置在终端中。
这直接来自jasmine文档，向您展示如何处理默认超时间隔
describe("long asynchronous specs", function() {
var originalTimeout;
beforeEach(function() {
originalTimeout = jasmine.DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_INTERVAL;
jasmine.DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_INTERVAL = 10000;
});
it("takes a long time", function(done) {
setTimeout(function() {
done();
}, 9000);
});
afterEach(function() {
jasmine.DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_INTERVAL = originalTimeout;
});
});
我认为如果它在10秒内没有工作，你可能会有错误的方法。特别是如果你正在与本地服务器/ db通信。如果您正在执行重大计算，或者正在使用不那么好的互联网连接打外部api，那么这个东西应该只花这么长时间。如果一切都是本地的（或顽固/嘲笑！）那么超过5-10秒的任何事情都是明确的红旗。
答案 1 :(得分：4)
希望此解决方案有所帮助。我发现在测试时有用的一种方法是模拟依赖项。我试图尽可能地评论我所做的事情。
var returnMock, $scope, TestServiceMock, controller;
beforeEach(module('app'));
beforeEach(inject(function($controller) {
returnMock = {
then: jasmine.createSpy(),
};
$scope = {};
// first assumption is You are testing TestService extensively,
// I don't care about what getData has to do to get results
// All I care about is it gets called when I call loadData
TestServiceMock = {
getData: jasmine.createSpy().and.returnValue(returnMock);
};
controller = $controller;
}));
it('should load data when loadData function is called and result set is
under 1000', function() {
controller('TestCtrl', {
$scope,
TestServiceMock
});
// another assumption is your data comes back in such a format
// perhaps in the actual code check whether data exists and proceed
// or do some other action
var returnedData = {
data: [
{
id: 1,
name: 'item 1',
},
]
}
// when I execute the function/method
$scope.loadData();
// I expect getData to be called
expect(TestServiceMock.getData).toHaveBeenCalled();
// I expect then to be called and the reason is I mocked it
expect(returnMock.then).toHaveBeenCalledWith(jasmine.any(Function));
returnMock.then.calls.mostRecent().args[0](returnedData);
// expect data on scope to be equal to my mocked data
expect($scope.data).toEqual(returnedData.data);
// don't expect any result because 1 < 1000
expect($scope.filtered).toEqual([]);
expect($scope.filtered.length).toEqual(0);
});
it('should load data when loadData function is called and result set is over 1000',
function() {
controller('TestCtrl', {
$scope,
TestServiceMock
});
var returnedData = {
data: [
{
id: 1,
name: 'item 1',
},
{
id: 1000,
name: 'item 1000',
},
{
id: 1001,
name: 'item 1000',
},
{
id: 1002,
name: 'item 1002',
}
]
}
$scope.loadData();
expect(TestServiceMock.getData).toHaveBeenCalled();
expect(returnMock.then).toHaveBeenCalledWith(jasmine.any(Function));
returnMock.then.calls.mostRecent().args[0](returnedData);
expect($scope.data).toEqual(returnedData.data);
// expect a result because some entries in the mocked data have id > 1000
expect($scope.filtered).toEqual([
{
id: 1001,
name: 'item 1000',
},
{
id: 1002,
name: 'item 1002',
}]);
expect($scope.filtered.length).toEqual(2);
});
Official Jasmine Docs广泛地解释了大部分概念。希望解决方案有所帮助!!!!
答案 2 :(得分：2)
让我告诉你我为Angular 1.x和2.x +项目做了什么。使用角度测试工具摆脱异步测试中的回调/嵌套。在角度1.x中，这意味着使用$ q和$ rootScope的组合。$ apply（）。在角度2.x +中，这意味着使用fakeAsync之类的东西。
it('should simulate promise', inject(function($q, $rootScope) {
var deferred = $q.defer();
var promise = deferred.promise;
var resolvedValue;
promise.then(function(value) { resolvedValue = value; });
expect(resolvedValue).toBeUndefined();
// Simulate resolving of promise
deferred.resolve(123);
// Note that the 'then' function does not get called synchronously.
// This is because we want the promise API to always be async, whether or not
// it got called synchronously or asynchronously.
expect(resolvedValue).toBeUndefined();
// Propagate promise resolution to 'then' functions using $apply().
$rootScope.$apply();
expect(resolvedValue).toEqual(123);
}));
缺点是您的代码与角度相关，优点是您的代码是扁平的，并且可以移植到2.x +！
我是mocha测试运行器的粉丝，它允许我在我的测试中返回promises，你可以尝试实现这一点，但是还有缺点，就像需要专门为测试修改代码一样。< / p>
答案 3 :(得分：1)
您最好观看此https://codecraft.tv/courses/angular/unit-testing/asynchronous/
您实际上有3种方式：
1）定期使用它：
it('test', (done) => {
const spy = spyOn(func, 'bar').and.returnValue(Promise.resolve(true));
spy.calls.mostRecent().returnValue.then(res => {
...your expect here...
done();
})
} );
2）在beforeEach中使用async及其它：
it('test', async(() => {
spyOn(func, 'bar').and.returnValue(Promise.resolve(true));
fixture.whenStable().then(res => {
...your expect here...
})
} ));
3）如果没有Http或XHR调用，请使用fakeAsync：
it('test', fakeAsync(() => {
spyOn(func, 'bar').and.returnValue(Promise.resolve(true));
tick();
...your expect here...
} ));
答案 4 :(得分：0)
关于您的控制器，您应该返回＆＃39;像这样的价值观。
TestCtrl.$inject = ["$scope", "TestService"];
/* ngInject */
function TestCtrl($scope, TestService) {
$scope.loadData = function () {
// Return this call, since it will return a new promise
// This is what let's you do $scope.loadData.then()
return TestService.getData().then(function (response) {
// What you return in here will be the first argument
// of your then method, in the tests / any env
// Ex. return 'foo'
// will result in .then(result => result === 'foo') //=> true
// return one of these, i suggest the data, go SRP!
return $scope.data = response.data;
// I would do this stuff in a separate function, but you
// can return 'filtered' instead if you like.
//
// $scope.filtered = $scope.data.filter(function(item){
// if(item.id > 1000){
// return true;
// }
// return false;
// });
});
}
}
请记住，在事后再说一些事情＆＃39;并不意味着什么，价值必须被称为INSIDE＆＃39;然后＆＃39;。不是在它之后，或之前。但在里面。就像汤姆格林和弗雷迪得到的那只可怜的驼鹿一样。