Question

我是pyQt的新手，对布局和小部件的工作方式有些困惑。我的理解是我需要创建一个新的小部件，然后在这个小部件中添加一个布局（例如GridLayout），然后将这个布局设置到主窗口上。以下是没有按照我的希望工作，我不知道从哪里开始：

self.grid_widget = QtGui.QWidget(self)
self.grid_widget.setGeometry(120,10,500,235)
gridPalette = self.grid_widget.palette()
gridPalette.setColor(self.grid_widget.backgroundRole(), QtGui.QColor('white'))
self.grid_widget.setPalette(gridPalette)

grid = QtGui.QGridLayout()
self.grid_widget.setLayout(grid)            
self.setLayout(self.grid_widget)

我基本上需要将窗口小部件放在某个位置（我设置了几何体）。我可以将网格添加到窗口，但网格覆盖整个窗口，而不是我希望它放置的位置。

如果有人能为此解释管道非常方便！

Answer 1

So I used QT Designer to create a simple grid. This code is in C++ but you can easily translate it to Python. It's pretty good as it explains how the QT pipeline works, so if anyone like me has the same problems then this code should help you understand it a bit more.

Answer 2

在PyQT中，您通常以“主窗口”开头。为此，我通常会为QtGui.QMainWindow创建一个子类。从该类实例化的对象是我的“主窗口”。接下来，我创建一个QtGui.QWidget的子类。我从该类中创建一个对象，将其称为“主窗口小部件”，并将其置于“主窗口”的中心位置。为该“主窗口小部件”分配布局，您可以开始向其添加子窗口小部件。布局确保子窗口小部件完全对齐。所以它有点像这样：

from PyQt4 import QtGui
from PyQt4 import QtCore
import sys

class CustomMainWindow(QtGui.QMainWindow):

    def __init__(self):
        super(CustomMainWindow, self).__init__()
        self.setGeometry(300, 300, 800, 800)
        self.setWindowTitle("my first window")

        self.mainWidget = CustomMainWidget(self) 
        self.setCentralWidget(self.mainWidget) 
        ...
        self.show()

''' End Class '''

class CustomMainWidget(QtGui.QWidget):

    def __init__(self, parent):
        super(CustomMainWidget, self).__init__(parent)
        self.mainLayout = None
        self.initLayout()
        self.putSomeWidgetInTheLayout()
        ...
    def initLayout(self):
        # When you use a layout, you do not need to pass a parent when
        # constructing the child widgets. The layout will automatically
        # reparent the widgets (using QWidget::setParent()) so that they
        # are children of the widget on which the layout is installed.
        # Widgets can only have other widgets as parent, not layouts.
        self.mainLayout = QtGui.QGridLayout()
        self.setLayout(self.mainLayout)

    def putSomeWidgetInTheLayout(self):
        # Notice that I don't assign a parent to 'lbl1'!
        lbl1 = QtGui.QLabel("My label")
        setCustomSize(lbl1, 160, 40)
        self.mainLayout.addWidget(lbl1, *(0,0))
        # -> I just added the label widget to the layout
        # of the main (central) widget. The label widget
        # had no parent widget to begin with. But by adding
        # it to the layout, the layout will 'reparent' the
        # label widget. So from now on, the label widget is
        # a child of the 'main (central) widget'.

        lbl2 = QtGui.QLabel("My second label")
        setCustomSize(lbl2, 160, 40)
        self.mainLayout.addWidget(lbl2, *(0,1))

''' End Class '''

def setCustomSize(x, width, height):
    sizePolicy = QtGui.QSizePolicy(QtGui.QSizePolicy.Fixed, QtGui.QSizePolicy.Fixed)
    sizePolicy.setHorizontalStretch(0)
    sizePolicy.setVerticalStretch(0)
    sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(x.sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth())
    x.setSizePolicy(sizePolicy)
    x.setMinimumSize(QtCore.QSize(width, height))
    x.setMaximumSize(QtCore.QSize(width, height))

if __name__== '__main__':
    app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
    myWindow = CustomMainWindow()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

我希望这很有帮助。如果您还有任何问题，我很乐意帮助您。

如何将布局添加到窗口小部件，然后将窗口小部件添加到主窗口

2 个答案: