将LINQ-to-SQL谓词编写为单个谓词

时间:2010-09-23 22:21:19

标签: c# linq linq-to-sql functional-programming composition

(早期的一个问题,Recursively (?) compose LINQ predicates into a single predicate,与此类似,但我实际上提出了错误的问题......那里的解决方案满足了所提出的问题,但实际上并不是我所需要的。它们是不同的,虽然。诚实。)

给出以下搜索文本:

"keyword1 keyword2 ... keywordN"

我想最终得到以下SQL:

SELECT [columns] FROM Customer 
  WHERE (
        Customer.Forenames LIKE '%keyword1%' 
        OR 
        Customer.Forenames LIKE '%keyword2%'
        OR
        ...
        OR
        Customer.Forenames LIKE '%keywordN%'
    ) AND (
        Customer.Surname LIKE '%keyword1%' 
        OR 
        Customer.Surname LIKE '%keyword2%'
        OR
        ....
        OR
        Customer.Surname LIKE '%keywordN%'
    )

实际上,我们将搜索文本拆分为空格,修剪每个标记,根据每个标记构建一个多部分OR子句,然后将这些子句一起进行AND运算。

我在Linq-to-SQL中这样做,我不知道如何根据任意长的子预测列表动态编写谓词。对于已知数量的子句,可以轻松手动编写谓词:

dataContext.Customers.Where(
    ( 
      Customer.Forenames.Contains("keyword1") 
      ||
      Customer.Forenames.Contains("keyword2")
    ) && (
      Customer.Surname.Contains("keyword1") 
      ||
      Customer.Surname.Contains("keyword2")
    )
);

简而言之,我需要一种技术,给定两个谓词,将返回使用提供的运算符组成两个源谓词的单个谓词,但仅限于Linq-to-SQL明确支持的运算符。有什么想法吗?

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:6)

您可以使用PredicateBuilder

IQueryable<Customer> SearchCustomers (params string[] keywords)
{
  var predicate = PredicateBuilder.False<Customer>();

  foreach (string keyword in keywords)
  {
    // Note that you *must* declare a variable inside the loop
    // otherwise all your lambdas end up referencing whatever
    // the value of "keyword" is when they're finally executed.
    string temp = keyword;
    predicate = predicate.Or (p => p.Forenames.Contains (temp));
  }
  return dataContext.Customers.Where (predicate);
}

(这实际上是PredicateBuilder页面中的示例,我只是根据您的情况进行了调整...)


编辑:

其实我误读了你的问题,上面我的例子只涉及解决方案的一部分......以下方法应该做你想要的:

IQueryable<Customer> SearchCustomers (string[] forenameKeyWords, string[] surnameKeywords)
{
    var predicate = PredicateBuilder.True<Customer>();

    var forenamePredicate = PredicateBuilder.False<Customer>();
    foreach (string keyword in forenameKeyWords)
    {
      string temp = keyword;
      forenamePredicate = forenamePredicate.Or (p => p.Forenames.Contains (temp));
    }
    predicate = PredicateBuilder.And(forenamePredicate);

    var surnamePredicate = PredicateBuilder.False<Customer>();
    foreach (string keyword in surnameKeyWords)
    {
      string temp = keyword;
      surnamePredicate = surnamePredicate.Or (p => p.Surnames.Contains (temp));
    }
    predicate = PredicateBuilder.And(surnamePredicate);

    return dataContext.Customers.Where(predicate);
}

你可以这样使用它:

var query = SearchCustomers(
    new[] { "keyword1", "keyword2" },
    new[] { "keyword3", "keyword4" });

foreach (var Customer in query)
{
    ...
}

答案 1 :(得分:0)

通常你会链接.Where(...)的调用。 E.g:

var a = dataContext.Customers;
if (kwd1 != null)
    a = a.Where(t => t.Customer.Forenames.Contains(kwd1));
if (kwd2 != null)
    a = a.Where(t => t.Customer.Forenames.Contains(kwd2));
// ...
return a;

LINQ-to-SQL会将它们全部重新组合成一个WHERE子句。

然而,这不适用于OR。您可以使用联合和交叉,但我不确定LINQ-to-SQL(或SQL Server)是否足够聪明,可以将其折叠回单个WHERE子句。 OTOH,如果性能没有受到影响也没关系。无论如何,它看起来像这样:

<The type of dataContext.Customers> ff = null, ss = null;

foreach (k in keywords) {
    if (keywords != null) {
        var f = dataContext.Customers.Where(t => t.Customer.Forenames.Contains(k));
        ff = ff == null ? f : ff.Union(f);

        var s = dataContext.Customers.Where(t => t.Customer.Surname.Contains(k));
        ss = ss == null ? s : ss.Union(s);
    }
}
return ff.Intersect(ss);
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